簡(jiǎn)潔實(shí)用高效第七講謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞(二)——情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和虛擬語(yǔ)氣RJ英語(yǔ)專題二詞法篇單句語(yǔ)法填空1．(2024·全國(guó)甲卷)Whatshouldbedone(do)withsuchabeautifulplace?2．(2024·浙江1月卷)However,thoughit'snicetogetafewcentsoffapackofsausages,itwouldhelpevenmoreiftheycouldsometimesbeoffered(offer)insmallerpacks.3．(2023·全國(guó)甲卷)Carsonprovesthatasimpleliteraryformthathasbeenpasseddownthroughtheagescanstillbeemployed(employ)todaytodrawattentiontoimportanttruths.4．(2021·天津3月卷)Itusedtobethatyoucoulddriveformilesherewithoutseeinganotherperson,butnowtherearehousesandpeopleeverywhere.bedonebeofferedbeemployedcould5．(2020·天津7月卷)Jimsayswecanstayinhishouseaslongasweleaveitcleanandtidy.6．(江蘇卷)Whatapity!Youmissedthesightseeing,orwewouldhavehad(have)agoodtimetogether.canwouldhavehad考點(diǎn)一情態(tài)動(dòng)詞1．情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的類型2．情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的基本用法3．情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的特殊用法(1)can/could的否定式與比較級(jí)連用表示最高級(jí)含義。(2)can/could的否定式與enough或too(much)連用表示“再……也不為過(guò)”。(3)must可表示“偏要，硬要”，常用于疑問(wèn)句或條件狀語(yǔ)從句中。(4)may/mightaswell表示“最好；不妨”。(5)would可表示過(guò)去的習(xí)慣，與usedto相比，前者常表示過(guò)去反復(fù)的動(dòng)作，后者常表示過(guò)去的狀態(tài)或習(xí)慣現(xiàn)在已不復(fù)存在。(6)should有時(shí)表示說(shuō)話人對(duì)某事感到意外、驚奇，意為“竟然會(huì)”。

——單句語(yǔ)法填空1．Oneofourrulesisthateverystudentshallwearschooluniformwhileatschool.2．Heisabad-temperedfellow,buthecanbequitecharmingwhenhewishes.3．Somepeoplewhodon'tliketotalkmucharenotnecessarilyshy;theymayjustbequietpeople.4．YoumustbeJason.Youhaven'tchangedabitafteralltheseyears.5．Weneedn'thaveboughtsomuchfoodnowthatSuziewon'tbewithusfordinner.6．Theyshouldhavearrived(arrive)atlunchtimebuttheirflightwasdelayed.7．Pauldidagreatjobinthespeechcontest.Hemusthavepractised(practise)manytimeslastweek.8．Ican'tfindmypurse.Imighthaveleft(leave)itinthesupermarketyesterday,butI'mnotsure.shallcanmaymustneedn'thavearrivedhavepractisedhaveleft考點(diǎn)二虛擬語(yǔ)氣(一)虛擬語(yǔ)氣在if條件句中的運(yùn)用類型從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反過(guò)去式(be的過(guò)去式用were)should/would/could/might＋動(dòng)詞原形與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反had＋過(guò)去分詞should/would/could/might＋have＋過(guò)去分詞與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反過(guò)去式/should/wereto＋動(dòng)詞原形should/would/could/might＋動(dòng)詞原形Iftherewerenoair,wecouldn'tlive．如果沒(méi)有空氣，我們就不能存活。Iftherehadbeennoairinthetube，theresultoftheexperimentwouldhavebeenmoreaccurate.如果管子里沒(méi)有空氣，實(shí)驗(yàn)的結(jié)果就會(huì)更精確。Ifheweretocometomorrow,thingswouldbeeasier.如果他明天來(lái)，事情就容易多了。[名師指津]

虛擬語(yǔ)氣的倒裝如果虛擬條件句中含有were，should或had(其中should是助動(dòng)詞)，可將if省略，把這三個(gè)詞提到主語(yǔ)之前，形成部分倒裝。IfIwereinyourposition,Iwoulddothesame.→WereIinyourposition，Iwoulddothesame.我要是處在你的位置上，我也會(huì)這么做。Ifyouhadcomeearlier，youwouldhavemether.→Hadyoucomeearlier，youwouldhavemether.如果你早點(diǎn)來(lái)，你就能見到她了。Ifheshouldcometomorrow，Iwouldgivehimthedictionary.→Shouldhecometomorrow，Iwouldgivehimthedictionary.如果他明天來(lái)，我就把字典給他。(二)虛擬語(yǔ)氣用于名詞性從句中的4種情況1．在“Itis＋important/necessary/natural/strange/essential/vital/apity＋that...”句型中，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“(should＋)動(dòng)詞原形”。It'svitalthatwe(should)takeoursafetydrivingalongtheroadseriously.重視道路安全駕駛是至關(guān)重要的。2．在wouldrather后的賓語(yǔ)從句中，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞如果表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)；如果表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。I'dratherhehadgonetotheseasidewithmethedaybeforeyesterday.要是他前天和我去海邊就好了。3．句中含有以下單詞或其變形時(shí)，該句中的名詞性從句(賓語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句、主語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句)部分常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式為“(should＋)動(dòng)詞原形”。Hesuggestedthatwe(should)startoffearlythenextday.他建議我們第二天早點(diǎn)出發(fā)。4．wish后賓語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣(1)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的虛擬：

過(guò)去式(be的過(guò)去式用were)(2)對(duì)過(guò)去的虛擬：had＋過(guò)去分詞(3)對(duì)將來(lái)的虛擬：would/should/could/might＋動(dòng)詞原形Iwish(that)Iweretenyearsyounger.我真希望我能年輕十歲。Iwish(that)Ihadmetthatfilmstaryesterday.我真希望我昨天見到了那位電影明星。(三)3個(gè)特定句式中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣句型結(jié)構(gòu)過(guò)去虛擬現(xiàn)在虛擬將來(lái)虛擬ifonly引導(dǎo)的條件句及感嘆句had＋過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去式(be動(dòng)詞一般用were)would/could/should/might＋動(dòng)詞原形asif/though引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句及方式狀語(yǔ)從句had＋過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去式(be動(dòng)詞一般用were)would/could/should/might＋動(dòng)詞原形Itis(high)time(that)...從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式或“should＋動(dòng)詞原形”(should不能省略)IfonlyIhadseenthefilm.要是我看過(guò)那部電影就好了。Itishightimethatwestarted/shouldstartout.我們?cè)摮霭l(fā)了。Hemessedtheprojectup,buthebehavedasifnothinghadhappened．他把計(jì)劃搞砸了，但他表現(xiàn)得若無(wú)其事。(四)含蓄虛擬條件句1．有時(shí)假設(shè)的情況不用條件句表達(dá)，而是用butfor,without等介詞(短語(yǔ))來(lái)表示。Wewouldn'thavefinishedtheprojectontimewithoutyourtimelyhelp.如果沒(méi)有你的及時(shí)幫助，我們就不能按時(shí)完成那項(xiàng)工程。2．用連詞otherwise,or等暗示后文與前面的情況相反，從而引出后文的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。I'mreallyverybusy,otherwiseIwouldcertainlygotherewithyou.我真的是太忙了，不然我就會(huì)同你一道去了。3．虛擬條件通過(guò)but暗示出來(lái)，模式為“虛擬情況＋but＋真實(shí)情況”。Shewouldhavecometoseeyoubutshewasillthatday.要是那天她沒(méi)生病，她就來(lái)看你了。

——單句語(yǔ)法填空1．Iwasbusyfinishingmypaperthatday.OtherwiseIwouldhavegone(go)therewiththem.2．Iwishhehadtold(tell)methetruthlastweek.3．Ifeltsoembarrassedwhenbeingblamedbymyteacherinclass.IfonlyIhadcompleted(complete)myhomeworklastnight!4．HetalksaboutthecreaturesoftheAmazonrainforestasifhehadexplored(explore)therebefore.5．Heradviceisthatgoodstudyhabits(should)beformed(form)inone'schildhood.6．It'shightimethatweapplied/shouldapply(apply)ourselvestothetaskofprotectingourenvironment.wouldhavegonehadtoldhadcompletedhadexplored(should)beformedapplied/shouldapplyⅠ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1．(2024·山東濟(jì)南三模)TheYellowRiverTowerhasbecomeaculturallandmarkoftheYellowRiverBasinwherevisitorscanviewtheriverpassingthroughthecity.2．(2024·山西太原一模)Ishouldmakefulluseofthecity'secologicaladvantagesandgetmorechancestogetclosertonature.3．Thedoctorrecommendedthatthemedicine(should)betaken(take)threetimesaday.4．Shedidnotknowwhatpursuingdancewouldbringher，butonlytookonthechallengewithherfullpassionandlovefordance.5．Maybelatertheydon'twantitandmaynevercomebacktotheshop.canshould(should)betakenwouldmay6．Theincomewouldbeshared(share)betweentheplatform，Wangandthequestionraiser.7．Typically，thesealsarecarvedfromstone，buttheycanalsobemade(make)ofwood，bamboo，orbone.8．Butheaddedthatevenminorgeneticchangesmay/mighthaveseriousconsequences.9．Healsotookmanyothermeasures，hopingthatsuchattemptswouldstopadulteration.10．IfIhadn'ttakenyouradvice，Iwouldnotmanage(notmanage)tocarryouttheprojectnow.besharedbemademay/mightwouldwouldnotmanageⅡ.語(yǔ)篇專練(情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和虛擬語(yǔ)氣)Rainorshine,Tomisalwaysthefirsttoarriveattheoffice.Hishome1.mustbeveryneartheoffice,orhe2.can'tbealwaysintimeforwork.HowIwishthatI3.lived(live)closetowork,sothatI4.neednotgetupsoearlyeveryday.Yesterday,forexample,I5.wouldhavearrived(arrive)intimeforworkasusualifIhadn'tbeencaughtinatrafficjam.ThebosswassoangrywithmethathedemandedI6.(should)arrive(arrive)atworkearlyenoughlateron,sayingthatshouldIbecaughtbeinglateagain,he7.wouldpunish(punish)me.It'sgettinglate,andI8.muststopdoingeverythingandgotobednow.Anyhow,it'stimethatI9.went/shouldgo(go)tosleep,andIhopeI10.canarriveatworkontimetomorrow.Itwillbebadtobecaughtarrivinglateagain.mustcan'tlivedneedwouldhavearrived(should)arrivewouldpunishmustwent/shouldgocanⅢ.寫作遷移(正確運(yùn)用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和虛擬語(yǔ)氣完成句子)1．(2024·浙江1月卷應(yīng)用文寫作)在跑步之前，我們應(yīng)該以一雙舒適的跑鞋開始，并做熱身運(yùn)動(dòng)，以避免受傷。Beforerunning,weshouldgetstartedbyapairofcomfortablerunningshoesanddo