2025年高二年級11月階段練習(xí)高二年級英語本試卷共10頁，滿分150分?？荚囉脮r120分鐘?！镒？荚図樌镒⒁馐马棧?.答題前，先將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在試卷和答題卡上，并將準(zhǔn)考證號條形碼貼在答題卡上的指定位置。2.選擇題的作答：每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。寫在試卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。3.非選擇題的作答：用黑色簽字筆直接答在答題卡上對應(yīng)的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)。寫在試卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。4.考試結(jié)束后，請將本試卷和答題卡一并上交。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.A.￡9.18.A.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whattimeisitnow?A.7:45.B.7:55.C.8:10.2.WhatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenMikeandSara?A.Husbandandwife.B.Instructorandstudent.C.Fatheranddaughter.3.Whyisthewoman’sfatherhesitanttotaketheposition?A.Heisn’tsatisfiedwiththesalary.B.HedislikestheweatherinChicago.C.Hedoesn’twanttoleavehisfamily.4.Whatwillthewomando?A.Offeraninvitation.B.Makeaphonecall.C.AttendSimon’sparty.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Arestaurant.B.Abirthdayparty.C.Akindofpizza.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.WhatisLaurengoingtodo?A.GotoMariano’sEast.B.Cookdinner.C.Retirefromwork.7.WherewillMatthewgonext?A.Hisworkplace.B.Bianca’shouse.C.Agiftshop.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whoisthemantalkingwith?A.Apassenger.B.Atourguide.C.Hisassistant.9Whydoesn’tthemanchoosethefirsttour?A.Hisschedulewon’tallowit.B.Hedislikeshistoricplaces.C.Hedidn’tgetthetickets.10.Wherecanthemancatchthebus?A.AtthegateofRoyalBank.B.AttheentranceoftheImperialPark.C.InfrontoftheVisitors’Center.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.WhatisTom’smainproblemwhenstudying?A.Hefindstheprojecttoodifficult.B.Hecan’tbefocusedbecauseofhisphone.C.Hedoesn’tknowhowtomanagehistime.12.WhatisTom’sattitudetowardthePomodoroTechnique?A.Positive.B.Negative.C.Uncertain.13.Whatisonekeystrategymentionedtoimproveunderstanding?A.Avoidingsocialmediapletely.B.Practicingregularreviewofmaterials.C.Breakingdownworkintosmallertasks.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.Whatisthewomandoing?A.DoingaTVprogram.B.Havingameeting.C.Attendinganinterview.15.WhatdidthewomanthinkofherfirstyearattheLondonWeekly?A.Itwasveryrewarding.B.Itwasquitedifficult.C.Itwasratherboring.16.Whatdidthewomanworkas?A.Atrainer.B.Aneditor.C.Afeatureswriter.17.WhydidthewomanleavetheLondonWeekly?A.Togethigherpay.B.Toreportotherareas.C.Tolearnmoreaboutthefoodindustry.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Whatisthespeaker’sfirstsuggestion?A.Listeningactively.B.Smilingnaturally.C.Speakingslowly.19.Whatdoesasuccessfulcallrequireaccordingtothespeaker?A.Showingyourconcentration.B.Repeatingtheotherperson’swords.C.Askingquestionsfromtimetotime.20.Whatwillthespeakerdonext?A.Discussphonecallrules.B.Showexamplesofphonecalls.C.Explaintheimportanceofsmiling.第二部分閱讀理解(共20小題，每小題2.5分，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題，每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AExplorethewondersofnatureStartajourneytoextraordinarynaturalwondersandlivinglaboratories,whichwillofferdeepdivesintouniquewildlife!WhalewatchingandoceanecosystemsintheAzoresIslands:Portugal(7days)ExperiencetheparadiseoftheAzoresIslands,knownfortheiruniqueecosystemsshapedbyvolcanicactivity.Participantscanjoininwhaleresearch,observesocialinteractionsandlistenforthesoundsaswhalesdiveintothedepths.·Enjoyguidedwhalewatchingtripsacpaniedbyscientistsandseefirsthandresearch.·EnjoyinsightfultalksbymarinebiologistRussellArmitt.·Learnhowvolcanicactivityhasshapedtheuniquelandscapesandecosystemsontheislands.MarineconservationjourneyexploringDarwin’sGalapagos:Ecuador(8days)VisittheGalapagosIslands,awishlistdestinationforwildlifeenthusiasts,acpaniedbyconservationexpertandadvocateJoRuxton.Theseislandsarehometovariousspecies,makingittheperfecthabitatforstudyingnaturalselection,biodiversityandevolutionaryprocesses.·ExplorethewildliferichislandsofSantaCruz,Isabela,Fernandina,andSantiago.·Getupclosetoimpressivewildlifeaswellaslandscapessuchascoralgardens.·Swimwithlargerspeciesasthetemperaturesarecooler,bringingnutrientsinthecurrents.Uniqueecosystemsinthelandofthelemur(狐猴):Madagascar(16days)BeabsorbedinMadagascar’suniqueecosystems,alivinglaboratoryofbiodiversity.Gainadeeperunderstandingofhow,havingbrokenawayfrommainlandAfricasome150millionyearsago,thecountry’srichplantsandanimalshaveevolvedindependently,leadingtouniqueadaptationsandspeciesfoundnowhereelseonEarth.·DiscovertheevolutionofMadagascar’sspecieslikelemurwiththeguideofexperts.·Walkthroughtherainforestandobservethelargestspeciesoflemurorseeachameleon(變色龍)matchitssurroundings.·Learnhowongoingconservationworkiscrucialforprotectingtheseecosystems.1.WhatcanvisitorsdoontheAzoresIslands?A.Observethelargestspeciesoflemur. B.Participateinthewhaleresearchinperson.C.Diveintotheoceanandobservethewhales. D.ExplorethewildliferichislandofSantiago.2.Whatisthemonfeaturesharedbyallthreevoyages?A.Theyalllastformorethanoneweek.B.Theyallinvolveguidancefromfieldspecialists.C.Theyallfocusontheimpactofvolcanicactivities.D.Theyallofferchancestoobservelargeseacreatures.3.Whereisthistextmostprobablytakenfrom?A.Atraveladvertisement. B.Ascientificreport.C.Ageographytextbook. D.Apersonaltravelblog.【答案】1.B2.B3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了三個自然探索之旅，包括葡萄牙亞速爾群島的鯨類研究和生態(tài)考察、厄瓜多爾加拉帕戈斯群島的生物多樣性研究、以及馬達(dá)加斯加的狐猴生態(tài)考察，旨在讓游客深入體驗獨特的自然奇觀和生物研究?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“WhalewatchingandoceanecosystemsintheAzoresIslands:Portugal(7days)”部分中的“Participantscanjoininwhaleresearch,observesocialinteractionsandlistenforthesoundsaswhalesdiveintothedepths.(參與者可以加入鯨魚研究，觀察它們的社會互動，并聆聽鯨魚潛入深處時的聲音)”可知，游客在亞速爾群島可以親自參與鯨魚研究。故選B項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章“WhalewatchingandoceanecosystemsintheAzoresIslands:Portugal(7days)”部分中的“Enjoyguidedwhalewatchingtripsacpaniedbyscientists(在科學(xué)家的陪同下享受有導(dǎo)游的觀鯨之旅)”；“MarineconservationjourneyexploringDarwin’sGalapagos:Ecuador(8days)”部分中的“VisittheGalapagosIslands,awishlistdestinationforwildlifeenthusiasts,acpaniedbyconservationexpertandadvocateJoRuxton.(在保護(hù)專家和倡導(dǎo)者喬·魯克斯頓的陪同下，參觀野生動物愛好者的愿望清單目的地加拉帕戈斯群島)”；“Uniqueecosystemsinthelandofthelemur(狐猴):Madagascar(16days)”部分中的“DiscovertheevolutionofMadagascar’sspecieslikelemurwiththeguideofexperts.(在專家的指導(dǎo)下，發(fā)現(xiàn)馬達(dá)加斯加狐猴等物種的進(jìn)化)”可知，這三段旅程的共同特點是都有野外專家的指導(dǎo)。故選B項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。文章主要介紹了三個不同地方的自然探索之旅，包括亞速爾群島的觀鯨和海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)之旅、加拉帕戈斯群島的海洋保護(hù)之旅以及馬達(dá)加斯加的獨特生態(tài)系統(tǒng)之旅，詳細(xì)介紹了每個旅程的地點、時長、活動內(nèi)容等信息，這符合旅游廣告的特點。由此推知，本文很可能取自一則旅游廣告。故選A項。BInlateAugust,MiltonTodaypublishedmyletter,NewersfindjoyinMilton’s‘littlethings’.Havinglivedhereabitlonger,myfamilyhasmoreobservationstoshare.Countlesssmall,kinddailydetailscontinuetopleasantlysurpriseus,andwebelievetheseimpactfultouchesdeserverecognition.Canadianpapermoneyfeaturessixraiseddots,atactilefeaturetohelppeoplesufferinglossofvisionidentifybillsbythetipsoffingers.Otheraccessibilitydetails,likelarge,highcontrastnumbersanduniquecolorsforeachbill,alsostandout.Thissmallyetthoughtfulfocusonaccessibilityhasleftadeepimpressiononus.TheplaygroundatKiddo’sprimaryschoolisn’tfenced(用柵欄圍住)in.Whenthechildrenasked,“Howfarcanwegointothewoodsduringthebreaks?”theirteachersclaimednorulesagainstit.Itturnsoutthatstudents’freeperiodsaretrulytheirown.Trustingyoungpeopletomakegoodchoicesfeelslikeawonderfulissueintheirfuturewellbeing.WeweregladtoseemultiplebinsforcarefultrashseparationinKiddo’sclassroom—andeventongs(夾子)hungabovethem.“Thoseareforfixingmistakes,”Kiddoexplained.It’shearteningthatourchildislearningnotonlytheimportanceofwastesortingbutalsothatcorrectingerrorsisequallyvalued.Frenchiseverywherehere.KiddohasfourFrenchclassesaweek,andweappreciatethebilingual(用兩種語言的)signs,labels,andGOTrainannouncements.Bilingualism,essentialforholdingCanadatogether,alsobringsunderstandingandsocialbenefitstoindividuals,includingmentalflexibility,improvedmemory,andanupgradedsenseofbelonging.Wehopeyouenjoyedreadingabouteverydropofeffortwithenormoussocietalpayoffs.Aretherethingswedislikehere?Ofcourse—frombothersomeinsectstosometimesunfriendlydrivers.We’renotviewingCanadathroughrosecoloredglasses.ButasThanksgivingapproaches,wewishtoexpressourgratitudeforeverythingherethatcontributestoagreatersenseofwellbeing.We’rethankfulforMilton!4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“tactile”inparagraph2mean?A.Relatedtothesenseoftouch. B.Largeenoughtobeseenclearly.C.Uniquetothenation’scurrency. D.Basedonadvanceddigitaltechnology.5.WhatcanbeinferredabouttheeducationinMilton?A.Itfollowsastandardnationalteachingpattern.B.Itintegratesmoderntoolsintosafetyandlearning.C.Itemphasizesindependenceandlearningfromerrors.D.Itfocusesprimarilyonthemasteryoffactualknowledge.6.Whydoestheauthormention“insectsanddrivers”inparagraph6?A.Tochallengewidelyheldidealizedbeliefs.B.Tovoiceagrowingsenseofdisappointment.C.Topresentanobjectiveandrealisticviewpoint.D.Tosignalashiftintonefromcriticismtopraise.7.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.TodiscusstheeducationalsysteminMiltonindepth.B.TosharepositivepersonalexperiencesoflivinginMilton.C.ToadvocatefortheadoptionofCanadianpoliciesworldwide.D.Topointouttheinconveniencesoflivinginaforeigncountry.【答案】4.A5.C6.C7.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇夾敘夾議的文章。作者通過加拿大Milton鎮(zhèn)的日常觀察，如貨幣的無障礙設(shè)計、學(xué)校教育中的信任與容錯、雙語環(huán)境等，表達(dá)了對外來生活的喜愛與感激，但也客觀提及了生活中的不便，展現(xiàn)了真實的移民體驗?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段“Canadianpapermoneyfeaturessixraiseddots,atactilefeaturetohelppeoplesufferinglossofvisionidentifybillsbythetipsoffingers.(加拿大紙幣上有六個凸起的圓點，這是一種……特征，幫助視力受損的人通過指尖識別鈔票。)”可知，紙幣上的凸起圓點是幫助視力受損的人通過指尖識別鈔票，因此是通過指尖觸摸來識別鈔票的，所以“tactile”意思是“與觸覺有關(guān)的”。A選項“Relatedtothesenseoftouch.(與觸覺有關(guān))”符合語境。故選A項。【5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Itturnsoutthatstudents’freeperiodsaretrulytheirown.Trustingyoungpeopletomakegoodchoicesfeelslikeawonderfulissueintheirfuturewellbeing.(事實證明，學(xué)生們的自由時間完全屬于他們自己。相信年輕人能做出正確的選擇，這對他們未來的幸福來說是一件很棒的事情。)”以及第四段“It’shearteningthatourchildislearningnotonlytheimportanceofwastesortingbutalsothatcorrectingerrorsisequallyvalued.(令人欣慰的是，我們的孩子不僅學(xué)到了垃圾分類的重要性，還學(xué)到了糾正錯誤同樣重要。)”可知，Milton鎮(zhèn)的教育強(qiáng)調(diào)學(xué)生的獨立性，并且重視從錯誤中學(xué)習(xí)。C選項“Itemphasizesindependenceandlearningfromerrors.(它強(qiáng)調(diào)獨立性和從錯誤中學(xué)習(xí))”符合語境。故選C項。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段“

Aretherethingswedislikehere?Ofcourse—frombothersomeinsectstosometimesunfriendlydrivers.We’renotviewingCanadathroughrosecoloredglasses.(這里有我們不喜歡的東西嗎？當(dāng)然有——從惱人的昆蟲到有時不友好的司機(jī)。我們并沒有戴著玫瑰色眼鏡看待加拿大。)”以及前文第三段中“TheplaygroundatKiddo’sprimaryschoolisn’tfenced(用柵欄圍住)in.

(在Kiddo小學(xué)的操場沒有圍欄。)”以及第四段中“WeweregladtoseemultiplebinsforcarefultrashseparationinKiddo’sclassroom—andeventongs(夾子)hungabovethem.

(我們很高興在Kiddo的教室里看到了多個用于垃圾分類的垃圾桶——而且上面還掛著夾子。)”可知，此處描述了加拿大的各種優(yōu)點，但在此處提及“討厭的昆蟲和偶爾不友好的司機(jī)”這些不愉快的細(xì)節(jié)，其目的是為了表明自己的評價是全面而客觀的，并非一味贊美。C選項“Topresentanobjectiveandrealisticviewpoint.(為了呈現(xiàn)一個客觀和現(xiàn)實的觀點)”符合語境。故選C項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Havinglivedhereabitlonger,myfamilyhasmoreobservationstoshare.Countlesssmall,kinddailydetailscontinuetopleasantlysurpriseus,andwebelievetheseimpactfultouchesdeserverecognition.(在這里住得更久一些后，我的家人有更多的觀察要分享。無數(shù)微小而友善的日常細(xì)節(jié)不斷給我們帶來驚喜，我們認(rèn)為這些有影響力的細(xì)節(jié)值得認(rèn)可。)”以及后文對加拿大在貨幣設(shè)計、教育、語言等方面的描述，可知作者寫這篇文章的目的是分享在Milton生活的積極個人經(jīng)歷。B選項“TosharepositivepersonalexperiencesoflivinginMilton.(分享在米爾頓生活的積極個人經(jīng)歷)”符合語境。故選B項。CItisuniversallybelievedthatthedestructionanddisappearanceofcoralreefs(珊瑚礁),essentialpartsoftheoceanecosystemthatsupportgreatbiodiversity,bringabsolutelynobenefitbutonlyseriousharmtotheenvironment.Infact,scientistshavefoundthattheirlossanddamagecouldmeanoceanscanabsorbmoreCO2,slowingthebuildupofthisgreenhousegasintheatmosphere.“ItisabeneficialeffectifyouonlycareabouttheconcentrationofCO2intheatmosphere,”saysLesterKwiatkowskiatSorbonneUniversityinParis,France.Buttheirreductionisharmfulforbiodiversityandleavescoastsexposedtorisingseas,hesays.HowmuchtheworldwillwarmdependsmainlyonthelevelofCO2intheatmosphere.Sofar,thelandandoceanshaveabsorbedaroundhalfoftheextraCO2wehaveemitted.ApopularbeliefisthatcoralsremoveCO2fromseawaterastheygrowtheirstructures.Actually,theprocess,calledcalcification(鈣化),isanetsourceofCO2,addingmoreCO2thanitremoves.Observationsalsosuggestrisingseawatertemperaturesandoceans’absorptionofCO2arecausingcoralreefs’bleaching(白化)anddieoffs,sotheirreleaseofCO2isreduced.KwiatkowskiandhisteamtookpublishedestimatesofhowcoralswillbeaffectedbywarmingandabsorbedCO2inoceansandusedaputermodeltoworkouthowthismightchangeoceancarbonabsorptioninvarioussituations.Theyconcludethattheoceanscouldtakeupbetween1%and5%morecarbonby2100,andupto13%moreby2300.Butthepreconditionofthestudyisthatcoralsaren’tabletoadapttothenewenvironment,saysChrisjuryattheUniversityofHawaiiatManoa.IfKwiatkowski’steamiscorrect,theamountofthecarbonbudget,whichwillleadtoagivenlevelofwarming,isalittlelargerthancurrentlythought.“Ithinkwewouldlikeourbudgetstobeasaccurateaspossible,evenifwe’reblowingthroughthem,”saysKwiatkowski.8.Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopic?A.Listingenvironmentalbenefits. B.Describingcoralreefecosystems.CExplainingcoraldeclineprocesses. D.Showingacontrastbetweenbeliefs.9.Whatcanbeinferredaboutcoralreefsfromparagraph2and3?A.WarmeroceanswithCO2helpthemgrow.B.OceanCO2levelscanbereducedbythem.C.Climatehasaverycloselinktocoralreefs.D.Coralreefspreventtherisingofsealevels.10.Whydoestheresearchneedtobeimproved?A.Itpredictssmallercarbonbudgets. B.Itignorescorals’adaptationability.C.Itusesunprovenputermodels. D.Itconcludescarbonuptakeincrease.11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ReefsinCrisis:AWarmingWorld’sEffect B.OceansDiscovery:AnUnexpectedFindingC.BeyondtheBleaching:TheHiddenBenefits D.SavingCoralReefs:NewScientificMethods【答案】8.D9.C10.B11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章探討了珊瑚礁消失可能對環(huán)境有益的意外發(fā)現(xiàn)?？茖W(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)，珊瑚礁的減少可能使海洋吸收更多二氧化碳，從而減緩溫室氣體在大氣中的積累?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。文章第一段提到“Itisuniversallybelievedthatthedestructionanddisappearanceofcoralreefs(珊瑚礁),essentialpartsoftheoceanecosystemthatsupportgreatbiodiversity,bringabsolutelynobenefitbutonlyseriousharmtotheenvironment.(人們普遍認(rèn)為，珊瑚礁的破壞與消失（珊瑚礁是海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的重要組成部分，支撐著豐富的生物多樣性）不僅不會給環(huán)境帶來任何益處，反而會帶來嚴(yán)重的危害。)”，緊接著又指出“Infact,scientistshavefoundthattheirlossanddamagecouldmeanoceanscanabsorbmoreCO2,slowingthebuildupofthisgreenhousegasintheatmosphere.(事實上，科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)，它們的損失和破壞可能意味著海洋可以吸收更多的二氧化碳，減緩這種溫室氣體在大氣中的積累。)”，這里通過展示人們普遍認(rèn)為的觀點和科學(xué)家實際發(fā)現(xiàn)的情況之間的對比，來引入話題。故選D項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“HowmuchtheworldwillwarmdependsmainlyonthelevelofCO2intheatmosphere.(世界變暖的程度主要取決于大氣中二氧化碳的含量。)”以及第三段中“Observationsalsosuggestrisingseawatertemperaturesandoceans’absorptionofCO2arecausingcoralreefs’bleaching(白化)anddieoffs,sotheirreleaseofCO2isreduced.(觀察還表明，海水溫度上升和海洋吸收二氧化碳導(dǎo)致珊瑚礁白化和死亡，因此它們釋放的二氧化碳減少了。)”，可以看出大氣中二氧化碳含量影響世界變暖程度，而海水溫度和海洋吸收二氧化碳又與珊瑚礁相關(guān)，珊瑚礁又影響二氧化碳的釋放，所以可以推斷出氣候與珊瑚礁有著非常密切的聯(lián)系。故選C項?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段中“Butthepreconditionofthestudyisthatcoralsaren’tabletoadapttothenewenvironment,saysChrisjuryattheUniversityofHawaiiatManoa.(但是，夏威夷大學(xué)馬諾阿分校的克里斯·朱里說，這項研究的前提是珊瑚無法適應(yīng)新環(huán)境。)”可知，這項研究需要改進(jìn)的原因是它忽略了珊瑚的適應(yīng)能力。故選B項?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，文章第一段先提出人們普遍認(rèn)為珊瑚礁的破壞和消失對環(huán)境只有危害，接著轉(zhuǎn)折指出科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)其損失和破壞可能使海洋吸收更多二氧化碳，減緩溫室氣體在大氣中的積累，后面又圍繞這一發(fā)現(xiàn)展開討論，包括研究過程、研究前提等，整體是在講述珊瑚礁除了白化等危害外，還有隱藏的益處。因此文章主要討論了珊瑚礁減少可能帶來的意外好處，即海洋吸收更多二氧化碳。C選項“BeyondtheBleaching:TheHiddenBenefits(白化現(xiàn)象之外：那些未被察覺的益處)”概括文章主要內(nèi)容，適合標(biāo)題。故選C。DTheideaofdeextinction,thebiggoalofbringingextinctspeciesbacktolife,hasfiredglobalimagination.Pushedbyadvancesingenetics,thisfieldisnolongerlimitedtosciencefiction.panieslikeColossalBioscienceshaveannouncedprojectstargetingfamousanimalssuchasthewoollymammoth(猛犸象)andthedodo.However,thescientificrealityismoreplexthanthepopularstory.Truedeextinction,definedascreatingaperfectgeneticcopyofalostspecies,iscurrentlyoutofreachformostextinctanimals.TheprimaryproblemisthedegradationofDNAovertime,whichpreventsresearchersfromrecoveringapletegenome(基因組).Forspeciesthatdisappearedlongago,thegeneticblueprintissimplytoobroken.Consequently,scientistsarelargelyfocusingonanalternativeapproach:creatingecologicalproxies(代替物).ThisinvolvesusinggeneeditingtoolslikeCRISPRtochangethegenomeofacloselyrelatedlivingspecies.Theaimisnottoreviveanidenticalcopy,buttoengineeranewanimalthatcanperformtheecologicalroleofitsextinctrelative.Forinstance,thenonprofitRevive&Restoreisworkingonchangingthebandtailedpigeontobelikethepassengerpigeon,whichonceplayedakeypartinshapingNorthAmericanforests.Thisbiggoalisnotwithoutargument.Criticsarguethattheresultingcreaturesarenottrulybroughtbackspeciesbutrathergeneticallychangedorganisms.Theyquestionwhetherthese“copies”wouldbehaveliketheoriginalsorbeacceptedbymodernecosystems.Furthermore,somescientistssuggestthatexistingspeciescouldsometimesdosimilarecologicaljobs,makingdeextinctionanunnecessarydifficulty.Despitethedebates,researchinthisareacontinues.Supporterspointoutpotentialbenefitsbeyondtheimpressivesceneofseeingawoollymammoth.Thegenetictoolsdevelopedcouldbecriticalforprotectingendangeredspecies,suchasboostinggeneticdiversity.Theknowledgegainedmightalsohelprestoredamagedecosystemsbyreintroducinglostfunctions.Yet,afundamentaltruthremains:theoriginalpassengerpigeonisgoneforever.Deextinction,initscurrentform,offersnotarevival,butareplacement,provingourgrowingpowerandresponsibilityoverthenaturalworld.12.Whydoestheauthorsaydeextinctionis“nolongerlimitedtosciencefiction”?A.Topredicttheexacttimelineofitsrealization.B.Toacknowledgethemedia’sroleinpromotingit.C.Tohighlightitstransitiontopracticalscientificpursuit.D.Toshowcasethemercialappealofrelatedbusinesses.13.Whatisthebigchallengeintruedeextinction?A.Developingadvancedtechnology.B.Securingsufficientfinancialsupport.C.Reconstructingpletegeneticsequences.D.Overingoppositionfromenvironmentalgroups.14.WhyisthepassengerpigeontalkedaboutinParagraph3?A.Toexplainthereasonsforitsextinction.B.Tosuggesttherelativeeaseofrevivingbirdspecies.C.Todescribethelifestyleofitsclosestlivingrelative.D.Toprovideaspecificcaseofecologicalproxycreation.15.Whatisamainfutureuseofthenewgenetictools?A.Savingendangeredspeciesfromextinction.B.Expandingthepopulationofurbanpigeons.C.mercializingthevalueofgeneticresearch.D.Replacingtraditionalhabitatrestorationapproaches.【答案】12.C13.C14.D15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章探討了物種“復(fù)活”技術(shù)的現(xiàn)狀與爭議，指出由于DNA降解，完美復(fù)制已不可能，故主要采用基因編輯創(chuàng)造生態(tài)替代物，但此舉存在倫理與生態(tài)風(fēng)險，其潛在價值在于保護(hù)瀕危物種及修復(fù)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Theideaofdeextinction,thebiggoalofbringingextinctspeciesbacktolife,hasfiredglobalimagination.Pushedbyadvancesingenetics,thisfieldisnolongerlimitedtosciencefiction.(滅絕復(fù)生的想法，即讓滅絕物種復(fù)活的宏偉目標(biāo)，激發(fā)了全球的想象力。在遺傳學(xué)進(jìn)步的推動下，這一領(lǐng)域不再局限于科幻小說。)”以及“panieslikeColossalBioscienceshaveannouncedprojectstargetingfamousanimalssuchasthewoollymammoth(猛犸象)andthedodo.(像科洛斯羅生物科學(xué)公司這樣的企業(yè)已經(jīng)宣布了針對諸如猛犸象和渡渡鳥等著名動物的科研項目。)”可知，作者說滅絕復(fù)生不再局限于科幻小說，是為了強(qiáng)調(diào)它已經(jīng)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)閷嶋H的科學(xué)追求，在基因技術(shù)進(jìn)步的推動和相關(guān)公司實際項目的開展下，這一領(lǐng)域已從科幻構(gòu)想進(jìn)入了現(xiàn)實的科學(xué)探索范疇。故選C項。【13題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“TheprimaryproblemisthedegradationofDNAovertime,whichpreventsresearchersfromrecoveringapletegenome(基因組).Forspeciesthatdisappearedlongago,thegeneticblueprintissimplytoobroken.(主要問題是DNA隨時間退化，這使得研究人員無法恢復(fù)完整的基因組。對于很久以前就消失的物種來說，基因藍(lán)圖簡直太破碎了。)”可知，真正實現(xiàn)滅絕復(fù)生面臨的大挑戰(zhàn)是重建完整的基因序列。故選C項。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Consequently,scientistsarelargelyfocusingonanalternativeapproach:creatingecologicalproxies(代替物).(因此，科學(xué)家們主要關(guān)注另一種方法：創(chuàng)造生態(tài)替代物。)”以及“Forinstance,thenonprofitRevive&Restoreisworkingonchangingthebandtailedpigeontobelikethepassengerpigeon,whichonceplayedakeypartinshapingNorthAmericanforests.(例如，非營利組織Revive&Restore正在努力將斑尾鴿變成像旅鴿一樣的鴿子，旅鴿曾經(jīng)在塑造北美森林中發(fā)揮了關(guān)鍵作用。)”可知，第三段提到旅鴿是為了提供一個創(chuàng)造生態(tài)替代物的具體案例。故選D項?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Supporterspointoutpotentialbenefitsbeyondtheimpressivesceneofseeingawoollymammoth.Thegenetictoolsdevelopedcouldbecriticalforprotectingendangeredspecies,suchasboostinggeneticdiversity.(支持者指出，除了看到猛犸象這一令人印象深刻的場景之外，還有潛在的好處。開發(fā)的基因工具對于保護(hù)瀕危物種可能至關(guān)重要，例如提高遺傳多樣性。)”可知，新的基因工具的主要未來用途是拯救瀕危物種免于滅絕。故選A項。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項;選項中有兩項為多余選項。IfyouhadaskedmeafewyearsagohowIfeltaboutexercise,IwouldhavetoldyouthatwhileIhadagymmembership,workingoutbasicallyconsistedofwalkingonthetreadmill(跑步機(jī))forfifteenminutes,pretendingtouseafewmachines,andthenmakingmyescape.____16____Idefinitelyneededanaccountabilitypartner(責(zé)任伙伴).Icalledlocaltrainingstudios,andoneowner,Adria,stoodoutasapproachableandmotivating.____17____NotonlydidIendupwithagreattrainer,butIalsogainedafriend.Yet,noneofmyexcuseseverworkedonher.HoweverhardItriedtoskipaclass,sheneverletmeoffthehook.Beforelong,Iwasseeingchangesinmybody,emotions,andattitude.Ibegantolookforwardtothegym.Oneday,Adriamentionedshewasjusttiredandneededadayoff.Beingthesoleownerandemployeeofhergym,heronlyoptionwastoclosethestudio.Whatcamenextshockedme:“Iwishyouwouldgetcertified(認(rèn)證的)becauseyou’retheonlyoneI’dtrustwiththekeyswhenwornout.”____18____Buttheideastuckwithme.IresearchedwhatitwouldtaketobeeaGroupFitnessInstructor:monthsofstudyingtexts,videos,andpodcasts,plusgettingCPRandAEDcertified.Afterweeksofconsideration,IsignedupfortheACEcourse.ThereweremanytimesIwantedtogiveup.____19____Testdaywasalsonojoke,withanexaminerscanningmyroomviawebcameratoensurenocheating.Ifinishedinunderthreehours,exhausted,andturnedinwithoutreviewing.Suddenly,alarge“YOUPASSED”poppeduponthescreen.WhatbeganasawaytohelpafriendprovedIwasn’ttoooldtolearn.____20____A.Ilaugheditoff—Me?ATrainer?B.Clearly,myselfdisciplinewaslacking.CWhygotosuchgreatlengthsforAdria?D.Whymemorizerestingheartrateforthefitnesscoachexam?E.Anaccountabilitypartnerwasanunderstatementwhenitcametoher.F.Nothingbeatswalkingintothegymandseeingmycertificationonthewall.G.Anaccountabilitypartnerissomeonewhohasmybackandkeepsmeontrack.【答案】16.B17.E18.A19.D20.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。作者因缺乏自律，通過責(zé)任伙伴Adria的訓(xùn)練改變了生活習(xí)慣。Adria的信任激發(fā)了作者成為認(rèn)證健身教練的決心，盡管過程艱難，最終成功獲得認(rèn)證，證明了學(xué)習(xí)永無止境?！?6題詳解】上文“IfyouhadaskedmeafewyearsagohowIfeltaboutexercise,IwouldhavetoldyouthatwhileIhadagymmembership,workingoutbasicallyconsistedofwalkingonthetreadmill(跑步機(jī))forfifteenminutes,pretendingtouseafewmachines,andthenmakingmyescape.

(如果幾年前你問我對于鍛煉的看法，我會告訴你，雖然我有健身房會員資格，但鍛煉的內(nèi)容基本上就是：在跑步機(jī)上走15分鐘，假裝使用幾臺健身器械，然后趕緊離開。)”描述了作者過去對鍛煉的態(tài)度，只是去健身房在跑步機(jī)上走15分鐘，假裝用幾個器械然后離開，這表明作者缺乏自我約束力。B選項“Clearly,myselfdisciplinewaslacking.(顯然，我缺乏自律。)”直接指出了作者存在的問題，與上文內(nèi)容緊密相連，且引出下文作者需要一個責(zé)任伙伴的描述，符合題意。故選B?！?7題詳解】上文“Icalledlocaltrainingstudios,andoneowner,Adria,stoodoutasapproachableandmotivating.

(我聯(lián)系了當(dāng)?shù)氐膸准遗嘤?xùn)工作室，其中一位名叫Adria的老板給人留下了良好的印象，她親切隨和且極具激勵力。)”提到作者聯(lián)系了當(dāng)?shù)氐挠?xùn)練工作室，其中一位老板Adria給作者留下了平易近人且能激勵人的印象。下文“NotonlydidIendupwithagreattrainer,butIalsogainedafriend.(我不僅找到了一位出色的教練，而且還結(jié)識了一位朋友。)”又提到作者不僅得到了一個很棒的教練，還收獲了一個朋友。E選項“Anaccountabilitypartnerwasanunderstatementwhenitcametoher.(對她來說，說她是責(zé)任伙伴都有些輕描淡寫了。)”進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)調(diào)了Adria作為責(zé)任伙伴對作者的重要性和影響力，與上下文內(nèi)容相符。故選E。【18題詳解】上文“Iwishyouwouldgetcertified(認(rèn)證的)becauseyou’retheonlyoneI’dtrustwiththekeyswhenwornout.(我希望你能考個證，因為當(dāng)我累壞需要休息時，只有你是我信得過、愿意把鑰匙交給的人。)”Adria提到希望作者能獲得認(rèn)證，因為當(dāng)她疲憊不堪時，作者是她唯一信任能保管鑰匙的人。下文提到這個想法一直縈繞在作者心頭。A選項“Ilaugheditoff—Me?ATrainer?(我笑了笑——我？一個教練？)”體現(xiàn)了作者最初聽到這個建議時的驚訝和自我懷疑，與上下文內(nèi)容相銜接，且引出下文作者認(rèn)真考慮這個想法的描述。故選A?！?9題詳解】上文“ThereweremanytimesIwantedtogiveup.

(有很多次我都想放棄。)”提到作者在成為團(tuán)體健身教練的過程中有很多次想要放棄。下文“Testdaywasalsonojoke,withanexaminerscanningmyroomviawebcameratoensurenocheating.

(考試當(dāng)天可一點都不輕松，考官通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)攝像頭對我所在的房間進(jìn)行檢查，以確保沒有作弊行為。)”描述了考試當(dāng)天的嚴(yán)格情況。D選項“Whymemorizerestingheartrateforthefitnesscoachexam?(為什么要為健身教練考試記住靜息心率呢？)”體現(xiàn)了作者在學(xué)習(xí)過程中對一些知識點的困惑和質(zhì)疑，與上文想要放棄的情緒相呼應(yīng)，且引出下文考試嚴(yán)格情況的描述，符合題意。故選D。【20題詳解】上文“Suddenly,alarge“YOUPASSED”poppeduponthescreen.WhatbeganasawaytohelpafriendprovedIwasn’ttoooldtolearn.

(突然，屏幕上彈出了一個巨大的“你通過了”的字樣。起初這只是為了幫助一位朋友而采取的行動，但這件事卻證明了我并非年紀(jì)太大而無法學(xué)習(xí)了。)”提到作者通過了考試，證明了自己并非年紀(jì)太大而無法學(xué)習(xí)。F選項“Nothingbeatswalkingintothegymandseeingmycertificationonthewall.(沒有什么比走進(jìn)健身房，看到墻上我的證書更棒的了。)”表達(dá)了作者通過努力獲得證書后的自豪和滿足感，與上文內(nèi)容緊密相連，且作為文章的結(jié)尾，總結(jié)了全文的主題和作者的情感。故選F。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題，每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Ihavegonethroughmanyexperiencestryingtotearmedown.Lifewillnever____21____tothrowchallenges.However,thesechallenges____22____metobethepersonIneverknewbefore.Theyteachmetobethepowerful,independentpersonthatIam____23____tobe.Thefrequentschooltransferstroubledme.Makingnewfriends,learningnewrules—these____24____neverbecameeasier.Eachnewschoolfeltlikea(n)______25___worldtofacealone.Foralongtime,Isawthisconstantchangeasaharmfulexperience,a(n)______26___tomystability.SoIsatquietlyincorners,findingastrangefortinfocusingoutward.Ipletelylostmyselfinobservation,____27____everydetailofthesocialworldaroundme.Iwatchedhowfriendshipsformedanddissolved,howteachers____28____differentstuden