【英語】八年級(jí)英語下冊(cè)語法填空過關(guān)測(cè)試經(jīng)典一、八年級(jí)英語下冊(cè)語法填空專項(xiàng)練習(xí)（含答案解析）1．閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)文章大意用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空（未提供單詞的，限填一詞），使文章意思完整、正確。

IstillrememberthefirsttimeIlefthomeforseveral________

（night）.Iwasgoingtoasummercampforamonth.Whenmyparentstoldmeaboutthecamp,Iwas________

（excite）,becausetherewerelotsofactivitiesthere.

Thewholefamilydrovemetothecamp.Whenwearrived,Isawalotofkids,butIdidn'tknow________

（someone）.Ibegantofeelnervous.Theygavemealittlecard________

mynameonit.Then,wholooked________

（old）thanme,cameuptomeandsaid"Hi,Margie!I'mSara.OurcabinisthePines."

Finallythetimecamewhenmyparentssaid,"Well,Margie,goodbye.Have________

greattime.Anddon'tworry,we'llwriteto________

often."

Ihadanawfulfeeling.Iwanted________

（cry）.Butjustthenanothergirlofmyagecameuptomeand________

（say）"Hi,areyouMargie?I'mTammy.I'minthePinestoo.Comeon.Let'sgotoseethehorses."

FinallyIhada________

（wonder）monthatcamp.【答案】nights；excited；anyone；with；older；a；you；tocry；said；wonderful【解析】【分析】大意：本文講述Margie父母高興她有關(guān)野營(yíng)的事情的時(shí)候，她很高興，當(dāng)父母送她去野營(yíng)的時(shí)候，她去感到痛苦傷心，甚至想哭，不適應(yīng)，最后在其他野營(yíng)成員的幫助下，作者M(jìn)argie愉快地度過了一個(gè)月的野營(yíng)生活。（1）句意：我依然記得我第一次離開家的那幾個(gè)晚上。night晚上，可數(shù)名詞，根據(jù)several，可知用其復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填nights。（2）句意：當(dāng)父母告訴我有關(guān)野營(yíng)的事情的時(shí)候，我很興奮，因?yàn)樵谀抢镉性S多活動(dòng)。excite（使）興奮，動(dòng)詞，作表語，且主語是人，用v-ed形容詞，excited感到興奮的，形容詞，故填excited。（3）句意：當(dāng)我們到達(dá)的時(shí)候，我看見許多孩子，但是我什么人也不認(rèn)識(shí)。someone，某人，不定代詞，此句是否定句，要將someone改成anyone，任何人，不定代詞，故填anyone。（4）句意：他們給了我一張上面帶有我名字的卡片。此處表示“帶有我名字的卡片”，用with，帶有，介詞，故填with。（5）句意：然后，有一個(gè)看起來比我更大的人，來到我面前并且說“嗨，Margie！我是Sara。old年紀(jì)大的，形容詞，根據(jù)than，可知用比較級(jí)，old的比較級(jí)是older，年紀(jì)更大的，故填older。（6）句意：祝你玩的開心。haveagreattime（祝你）玩得開心，固定搭配，故填a。（7）句意：不用擔(dān)心，我們會(huì)經(jīng)常寫信給你。writetosb，這是父母離開時(shí)，對(duì)Margie說的話，這里引用父母說的原話，此處應(yīng)填you，你，人稱代詞，符合題意，故填you。（8）句意：我想哭。cry哭，動(dòng)詞，wanttodosth，想做某事，故填tocry。（9）句意：但是然后又一個(gè)和我同齡的女孩出現(xiàn)在我面前說“嗨，你是Margie嗎？我是Tammy。我也在雙松，加油。我們一起去看馬吧?！痹诠侍顂aid。（10）句意：最后我在野營(yíng)中度過了極好的一個(gè)月。形容詞修飾名詞，wonder想知道，動(dòng)詞，其形容詞是wonderful，極好的，精彩的，故填wonderful。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查語法填空。首先理解文章大意，答題的過程中，注意考慮句型、語法、搭配、語境等因素，最后得出正確的答案。2．閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，或填入括號(hào)中所給單詞的正確形式（最多限填3個(gè)單詞）。

Tomakeher100thbirthdayexcitingandspecial,SouthAfricanwomanHarwoodhadaskydive（跳傘）intheair,________

skydivewasnotenoughforher,Shewantedtomakeitevenmoreexcitingbydoingasharkcagedive（潛水）.

Withthehelp________anotherperson,shemadethejumponSaturdaynearthenorthofCapeTown.15family________（member）andfriendsingroupofthreewerealsointheairwithHarwood.________（wear）aredjumpsuit（跳傘服），Harwoodlookedveryyoung.Shesaiditwas________（wonder）toseealltheothersaroundher.Andthiswasher________（three）skydive.Shedidherfirstwhenshewas92yearsold.

Then,shedecided________（finish）heranotherwish--doingasharkdive.Itwasmuchmorenervousthanskydive,evenyoung________（man）wereafraidofdoingthat.Atthatday,she________（go）intoacage,andtheworkersputthecageinthewaterwithfishmeataroundit.Whensharkssmeltthefish,theywouldopen________bigmouthsandeatthefish,meat.Itwasreallydangerous.【答案】but；of；members；Wearing；wonderful；third；tofinish；men；went；their【解析】【分析】本文介紹了年邁的Harwood仍然對(duì)世界充滿了好奇，不斷挑戰(zhàn)自己去跳傘，潛水。（1）句意：為了讓她的100歲生日激動(dòng)人心和特別，南非婦女哈伍德進(jìn)行了跳傘運(yùn)動(dòng)（跳傘）在空中，但是一次跳傘對(duì)她來說是不夠的。根據(jù)skydivewasnotenoughforher，一次跳傘對(duì)她來說是不夠的和makeitevenmoreexciting讓它更令人興奮可知，此處表示轉(zhuǎn)折，故用轉(zhuǎn)折連詞but，但是，故填but。（2）句意：在另一個(gè)人的幫助下，她于周六在開普敦北部附近跳了起來。withthehelpof，在……的幫助下，固定搭配，故填of。（3）句意：15名三人一組的家庭成員和朋友也與哈伍德在一起。基數(shù)詞15后是名詞復(fù)數(shù)，故填members。（4）句意：穿著紅色跳傘服，哈伍德看起來很年輕。looked是謂語，故此處是非謂語動(dòng)詞，wear與harwood是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞做狀語，故填Wearing。（5）句意：她說看到她周圍的其他人真是令人驚奇。was是系動(dòng)詞其后是形容詞，wonder是動(dòng)詞，wonderful是形容詞，故填wonderful。（6）句意：這是她第三次跳傘。根據(jù)her是限定詞可知，此處是序數(shù)詞，three是基數(shù)詞，其序數(shù)詞是third，第三的，故填third。（7）句意：然后，她決定完成她的另一個(gè)愿望—潛水。decidetodo，固定搭配，決定做某事，故此處是不定式，故填tofinish。（8）句意：這比跳傘要緊張得多，甚至連年輕人都害怕這樣做。根據(jù)were可知主語是名詞復(fù)數(shù)，man的復(fù)數(shù)是men，故填men。（9）句意：那天，她走進(jìn)一個(gè)籠子，工人們把籠子放在水里，周圍有魚肉。根據(jù)Atthatday，可知時(shí)態(tài)是一般過去時(shí)，go的過去式是went，故填went。（10）句意：當(dāng)鯊魚聞到魚的味道時(shí)，它們會(huì)張開他們的嘴吃魚和肉。這真的很危險(xiǎn)。mouths是名詞其前是形容詞性物主代詞，主語是they，故用their，它們的，故填their?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查語法填空，注意謂語的時(shí)態(tài)非謂語動(dòng)詞，連詞搭配等多種用法。3．閱讀下面短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語法性和上下文連貫的要求，在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或使用括號(hào)中詞語的正確形式填空。

Theearthisourhome.Wemustlook________

itwell.Thatistosaywemustkeeptheland,airandwaterclean.

Butmanhasbeenpolluting________

earthsincehefirstmadeafire.Peoplewashedtheirclothesintheriverandthrewdirtythingsontheground.Many________

（year）ago,pollutionhasnotsoserious________

therewerenotsomanypeople.Whenthelandortheriverbecamedirtyinoneplace,manmovedtoanotherplace.But.now,thereis________

（little）cleanair,landandwater.Manis________

（pollute）thewholeworldandthere________

neitherenoughcleanair,norcleanland,norcleanwater.Morepeople,morepollution.

Isitpossibletogetridof（解決）pollution?Wearegladtosaythatpeoplehavecometoknowthe________

（dangerous）ofpollutionandalargenumberofthemareworkinghard________

（protect）ourearth.Oneofthe________

（good）waysistostopthepollution.【答案】after；the；years；because；less；Polluting；is；danger；toprotect；best【解析】【分析】文章大意：地球是我們的家園，我們一定要保護(hù)好它。可是它已經(jīng)被污染了。藍(lán)天，綠地，凈水個(gè)清新的空氣更少了，不過現(xiàn)在人們已經(jīng)意識(shí)到了污染的危險(xiǎn)，他們正努力工作來保護(hù)地球。（1）句意：我們必須照管好它。lookafter，固定短語，照顧，照看，故答案是after。（2）句意：但是自從人類第一次生活以來，人們已經(jīng)污染了地球。地球事實(shí)上獨(dú)一無二的東西，因此要使用定冠詞the，故答案是the。（3）句意：許多年前，沒有那么嚴(yán)重。許多，many，形容詞，修飾可數(shù)名詞years，故答案是many。???????（4）句意：因?yàn)闆]有那么多人。本句是對(duì)許多年前沒有那么多污染的原因的解釋，表示原因一般使用because，故答案是because。???????（5）句意：但是現(xiàn)在干凈的水，空氣、土地更少了。根據(jù)前面的描述可知，自從第一次生火以來地球就開始被污染，隨著人類的增多，污染越來越嚴(yán)重，所以干凈的水、空氣和土地就更少了，應(yīng)是使用little的比較級(jí)less，故答案是less。???????（6）句意：人類正在污染整個(gè)地球。man是pollute的行為者，根據(jù)be動(dòng)詞可知，句子為現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，pollute使用ing形式polluting，故答案是polluting。???????（7）句意：沒有足夠干凈的空氣，也沒有做夠干凈的土地，也沒有干凈的水。air是不可數(shù)名詞，按照單數(shù)對(duì)待，therebe句型遵循就近原則，因此be的形式為is，故答案是is。???????（8）句意：我們很高興地說人類已經(jīng)知道污染的危險(xiǎn)。dangerous，危險(xiǎn)的，形容詞，根據(jù)定冠詞the可知后面跟名詞，dangerous的名詞為danger。故答案是danger。???????（9）句意：他們中的很多人努力工作來保護(hù)地球。protect，保護(hù)，動(dòng)詞，保護(hù)地球是努力工作的目的，應(yīng)使用動(dòng)詞不定式做目的狀語，故答案是toprotect。???????（10）句意：一種做好的辦法是停止污染。在oneof結(jié)構(gòu)中，后面的形容詞應(yīng)使用最高級(jí)，good的最高級(jí)為best，故答案是best。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查詞匯在語篇中的運(yùn)用能力，答題時(shí)首先要跳過空格掌握其大意，然后根據(jù)文章，字斟句酌逐一作答，主意考慮句型，語法，搭配、語境等因素，最后通讀一遍檢查驗(yàn)證。4．語法填空

MissEvansisfromthecity________

Chicago.Shehas________

（stay）inChinaforoneyear.ShewasanEnglishteacherinamiddleschoolinBeijinglastyear.Sheworkedfivedays________

week.Everydayshe________

（get）upearly.Afterbreakfast，shewalkedtoschool.Atnoon，shehadlunchatschool.Atabout5:00，she________

（finish）herwork.HersonwasnewinBeijing.________

MissEvanshelpedhim________

hishomeworkaftersupper.Afterthatsheliked________

（read）orsurfingthenet.She________

tobedlate.NowsheisinShanghai.She'sbusy.Butshesaysshe________

（enjoy）workingherebecausetheChinesepeopleareveryfriendly.5．語法填空

Nowmorethan20schoolsinthenorthwest________

ChinaareusingE-textbooks.Someteacherssaythattheymakelearningeasierand________

（teach）moreconvenient.

JingXuanis________

（excite）aboutlessonslikeChinese，Englishandmath.She

________（enjoy）thepicturesandanimations（動(dòng)畫）intheE-textbooks.Thechildrenhere________

（study）withE-textbookssincelastSeptember.________

thehelpoftheEtextbooks，somegoodideasaresharedattimes.Someparentsencouragetheirchildren________

（try）theE-textbookstomakelearningeasier.Butothersworryabouttheir________

（children）health.

"Youcan'timaginehowthegrowingpopularityofE-textbooksischangingthewaythestudentslearn!Moreandmorestudentscan________

（learn）withE-textbooksinthefuture.However,there'sstillalongway________

（go）."Saidtheheadmaster.6．閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（不多于3個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

MyfriendJennyhasagreatinterestin________（learn）English.Oneday,IfoundshewaswritingsomethingandIwalkedovertoher:shewasstudyingthegrammar—theusingof"it".

However,shecovered（遮蓋）itwhenIcameby.Iwasvery________（surprise）andaskedher,"Whatareyoudoing?""Nothing,"sheanswered________

alowvoice.

Ididn'tknowwhy,didI________

（find）her"secret"?Ijustwantedtosay"sorry".Shereplied,"Pleasedon'tlaugh________

me.""Ididnotdothat.Whydoyouthinkinthatway?"ThenshetoldmethatherEnglishwasnotgoodandshewasalittleshyinlearningEnglishbeforeothers.Thatwasthereason________

shedidnotmakeanyprogressinthe________（speak）andwrittenEnglish.AndItoldherthatnoonewouldlaughatherinlearningbut________（she）!

ThenI________

（give）hersomeadviceonlearningEnglish.Iaskedhertotryherbest________

（show）herEnglishinordertofindhermistakesandtellsomestoriestoherfriendsandwriteaboutthethingsthatshedoesduringtheday,andthenshecouldmakesomeprogress.7．閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~、或填入括號(hào)中所給單詞的正確形式。

Lastsummer,TinahadtostaywithAuntBetsyinCaliforniabecauseher________（parent）neededtoworkinanothercityforamonth.

TinaneversawAuntBetsy________soshewasalittlenervous.AuntBetsytoldherthe________inCaliforniawassunny,soTina________（take）someshortsandT-shirts.Sheaputsomebooksandmagazinesinherbagbecausesheliked________（read）.Herfavoritebookwereabouthorses.

Onthe________toAuntBetsy'shouse,Tinasawmanyhorsesonthefarm.Tinalikeditverymuchandshewishedshecouldhaveahorsesomeday.

Whenthey________（arrive）atAuntBetsy'shouse,Tinasawatallbrownhorse!

"Haveyou________（see）thebrownhorse?HernameisLucky.Usually,Ivisither________aweek,everySaturdayafternoonforanhour.Wecangoridingtogetherthisweekend,"saidAuntBetsy.

Tinafelthappyherauntandshehadthe________hobby.Itwasgoingtobeawonderfulvacation.8．【答案】written；since；them；in；friendly；songs；an；saw；photos；know【解析】【分析】文章大意：這是一封書信，介紹自己在外國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)的情況，其中包括結(jié)交了一些不同國(guó)籍的朋友，寄宿家庭的情況。（1）句意：我到現(xiàn)在才寫。write，書寫；因前面haven't，其后要用過去分詞形式，故填written。（2）句意：當(dāng)我來到這里的時(shí)候一直忙于課程和交新朋友。根據(jù)上文的tillnow，可知已經(jīng)來了很久了，因此一直在交朋友，根據(jù)havedone，可知是過去完成時(shí)，因此連詞用since，自從……，故填since。（3）句意：我一直和同學(xué)們講英語，晚上和他們一起出去。they，他們；因前面有介詞with，要用賓格形式，故填them。（4）句意：我們用英語談?wù)摳鞣N事情，我也學(xué)到了很多其他語言和國(guó)家的知識(shí)。固定短語inEnglish，用英語，故填in。（5）句意：父母很友善。friend，朋友；由kind可知此句需要形容詞，表示有好的，故填friendly。（6）句意：我現(xiàn)在對(duì)所有的歌曲都心中有數(shù)了！song，歌曲，可數(shù)名詞。由句中的all可知此句要用復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填songs。（7）句意：有一座古堡，我們下周要去那里。ancient，古老的，第一個(gè)音素是元音音素，故填an。（8）句意：我們看到一個(gè)魔術(shù)師在玩紙牌游戲，真是太有趣了！see，動(dòng)詞，看到；根據(jù)語句itwassomuchfun!可知此句要用一般過去時(shí)，故填saw。（9）句意：下次我會(huì)給你寄一些愛丁堡城堡的照片。photo，照片，可數(shù)名詞；由some提示可知此句要用復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填photos。（10）句意：保重，讓我知道你在做什么。固定結(jié)構(gòu)letsbdosth，讓某人做某事；故填know?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查語法填空。通讀全文理解大意，然后根據(jù)上下文或者所給單詞的提示對(duì)所缺部分進(jìn)行逐一解答。二、八年級(jí)英語下冊(cè)閱讀理解專項(xiàng)練習(xí)（含答案解析）9．閱讀理解

Morethananythingelseintheworld,LionlikedbeingKingofthejungle.Hewalkedallaround,showingoffhispowerandpride.

EachdayLiontookalong,lazysleepundertheshadeofhisfavouritetree.Healwaysdreamedofweakeranimalsbowing（鞠躬）beforehim.

OnedayMouseranthroughthejungleandtripped（絆倒）overLion'shugepaws.Lionwokeupwithastart."Howdareyouwakemeup!"heshoutedangrily.LiongrabbedMousewithonepaw."Onsecondthought,I'minthemoodforasnack,andyou'llmakeadeliciousmeal,"hesaid.

Mousecriedout,"KingLion,pleasespare（饒恕）me!Ifyouletmelive,Iwillalwaysrememberyourkindness.And,someday,Imightbeabletohelpyou."

"Howcouldsuchapowerlesslittlemouseeverhelpme?"ThatthoughtmadeLionlaughsomuchthathedecidedtoletMousego.Aweeklater,Lionwaswalkingthroughthejungleonthewaytohisfavouritetreewhenhesteppedontoahunter'snet.Thenetscoopedhimup.Nomatterhowhetwistedandturned,hecouldn'tescape.

WhenMouseheardLion'sfrightenedshouts,heracedtohelp.Mousequicklychewed（咬）throughtheropestomakeaholeinthenet.Soon,Lionmovedoutandwasfree.Lionlookeddownatthelittlemouse."Thankyouforsavingmylife,"saidLion,smilinghiswidestsmile."Iwasmistaken.Youarenotapowerlesslittlemouse.Youareagreatfriend!"（1）WhatdidLiondoeachday?A.

Hesteppedontoahunter'snet.B.

Hebowedbeforeweakeranimals.C.

Heshowedkindnesstoanimalsinthejungle.D.

Hehadagoodsleepunderhisfavouritetree.（2）HowdidMousewakeupLion?A.

Hemadeaholeinthenet.

B.

HeshoutedatLionangrily.C.

HetrippedoverLion'spaws.

D.

HepreparedadeliciousmealforLion.（3）WhydidLionletMousego?A.

Becausehewastrappedinthenet.B.

BecausehetookMouseashisgoodfriend.C.

BecausehebelievedMousecouldsavehim.D.

BecausehedoubtedifMousecouldbeofanyhelp.（4）WhatdoyouthinkofMouse?A.

Cleverandhonest.

B.

Sillyandlazy.C.

Humorousandstubborn.

D.

Proudandselfish.【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）D（4）A【解析】【分析】本文主要講述了老鼠和獅子的故事，告訴人們獅子放過老鼠后，老鼠如何幫助獅子。（1）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段提到的EachdayLiontookalong,lazysleepundertheshadeofhisfavouritetree.可知他每天在樹下休息，故選D。（2）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段提到的OnedayMouseranthroughthejungleandtrippedoverLion'shugepaws.可知，老鼠被獅子的爪子絆倒了，故選C。（3）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段提到的Howcouldsuchapowerlesslittlemouseeverhelpme?，獅子在質(zhì)疑老鼠會(huì)幫助自己，故選D。（4）推斷題。根據(jù)全文提到的老鼠幫助獅子逃離陷阱，可知老鼠很誠(chéng)實(shí)且很聰明，故選A?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)題、推斷題和主旨題三種?？碱}型，細(xì)節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案；推斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出需要的信息；主旨題需要通讀全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。10．閱讀理解

Lifeinthefuturewillbedifferentfromlifetoday.Betweenthenandnowmanychangeswillhappen.Butwhatwillthechangesbe?

Thepopulationisgrowingfast.Therewillbemanypeopleintheworldandmostofthemwilllivelongerthanpeoplelivenow.

Computerswillbemuchsmallerandmoreuseful,andtherewillbeatleastoneineveryroom.Andcomputerstudieswillbeoneofthemostimportantsubjectsinschoolsthen.Peoplewillworkfewerhoursthantheydonowandtheywillhavemorefreetimeforsports,watchingTVandtravels.Travellingwillbemuchcheaperandeasier.Andmanymorepeoplewillgotoothercountriesforholidays.

Therewillbechangesinourfoodtoo.Morelandwillbeusedforbuildingnewtownsandhousesforallthepeople.Thentherewillbelessroomforcowsandsheep,someatwillbemoreexpensive.Maybenoonewilleatiteveryday.Insteadtheywilleatmorefruitandvegetables.Maybepeoplewillbehealthier.Workinthefuturewillbedifferenttoo.Robotswilldodangerousandhardwork.Becauseofthis,manypeoplewillnothaveenoughworktodo.Thiswillbeaproblem.（1）Inthefuturetherewillbe

.A.

muchmorefruit

B.

morepeople

C.

fewervegetables

D.

fewerpeople（2）Everyroomwillhaveatleasta

inthefuture.A.

robot

B.

cow

C.

TVset

D.

computer（3）Inthefuturepeopledon'thaveto

.A.

worklonghours

B.

workfast

C.

walkonfoot

D.

eatmeat（4）Peoplemaynoteat

asmuchastheydotoday.A.

fruit

B.

fish

C.

meat

D.

rice（5）OneprobleminthefutureisthatA.

manypeopledon'thavetoworkB.

manypeoplewillnotbeabletofindworkC.

peoplehavetoworkfastD.

alltheworkwillbedonebyrobots【答案】（1）B（2）D（3）A（4）C（5）B【解析】【分析】短文從人口，電腦、食物上改變向我們展示了未來生活的樣子。（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題

Thepopulationisgrowingfast.Therewillbemanypeopleintheworld

可知，未來的人口會(huì)更多。故答案是B。（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)therewillbeatleastoneineveryroom.A可知，每一個(gè)房間里至少有一臺(tái)電腦。故答案是D。（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)Peoplewillworkfewerhoursthantheydonow

可知，未來人們工作的時(shí)間比現(xiàn)在短，故答案是A。（4）細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)someatwillbemoreexpensive.Maybenoonewilleatiteveryday.

可知，肉會(huì)貴，人們就會(huì)吃的少。故答案是C。（5）細(xì)節(jié)理解題，manypeoplewillnothaveenoughworktodo.Thiswillbeaproblem.可知，未來的問題是人們沒有足夠的工作，很多人會(huì)找不到工作，故答案是B【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解，本題主要涉及到了細(xì)節(jié)理解一種題型，相對(duì)比較簡(jiǎn)單，一般細(xì)節(jié)理解都可以直接在文中找到答案。11．閱讀理解

ClimbingMountQomolangma,theWorld'shighestmountain,hasnowbecomemoredifficult.ThegovernmentofNepalasksclimberstocomedownthemountainwithatleast18poundsofgarbage.That'stheaverageamountofgarbageaclimberleavesbehindonMountQomolangma.

Climberswouldleavegarbagealongtheway.Thishelpsclimberskeeptheirbagslight,sotheywouldhaveenergytoreachthesummit.

ThegarbageprobleminMountQomolangmaisnotnew.In2013,climberscarrieddownatotaloffourtonsofgarbage.

ThenewrulecameintoeffectinAprilof2014.Tomakesureitisfollowed,climberswillhavetohandinsomemoneytotheofficialsbeforetheyclimbthemountain.Whentheyclimbbackdownthemountain,theofficialswillcheckthemtomakesuretheybringdownthe18poundsofgarbage.Iftheydo,theirmoneywillbegivenbacktothem.

Ifnot,climberswon'tgettheirmoneyback.Also,theofficialswon'tletthesepeopleclimbthemountainagain.（1）ThegovernmentofNepalasksclimbersofMountQomolangmato

.A.

takefewerthingstothetopofthemountainB.

bringatleast18poundsoffoodwiththemC.

bringdownthegarbageleftbyotherclimbersD.

bringdownatleast18poundsofgarbagewhentheycomedownthemountain（2）Whydoclimbersleavegarbagealongtheway?A.

Becausetheywanttoleavesomefoodforothers.B.

Becausethegarbagecanhelpothersfindthem.C.

Becausetheywanttokeeptheirbagslight.D.

Becausethegarbagecanshowthemhowtocomedown.（3）HowmuchgarbagewasbroughtdownMountQomolangmain2013?A.

4tons.

B.

8tons.

C.

14tons.

D.

18tons.（4）Nowtheclimbershaveto

beforetheyclimbMountQomolangma.A.

handinsomemoneytotheofficialsB.

leaveplasticbagsbehindthemC.

telltheofficialswhentheywillcomedownD.

telltheofficialshowmanybagstheywillbring【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）A（4）A【解析】【分析】主要講了爬珠穆朗瑪峰的登山者下山時(shí)應(yīng)該至少帶回18英鎊的垃圾。（1）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)ThegovernmentofNepalasksclimberstocomedownthemountainwithatleast18poundsofgarbage.可知登山者下山時(shí)應(yīng)該帶至少18英鎊的垃圾，故選D。（2）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)Climberswouldleavegarbagealongtheway.Thishelpsclimberskeeptheirbagslight可知登山者把垃圾留在沿路，目的是幫助保持他們的包輕快，故選C。（3）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)In2013,climberscarrieddownatotaloffourtonsofgarbage.可知在2013年，登山者把4噸垃圾帶下山，故選A。（4）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)climberswillhavetohandinsomemoneytotheofficialsbeforetheyclimbthemountain.可知登山者在他們爬山前上交一些錢給官員，故選A?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解，主要考查細(xì)節(jié)題，注意從文中仔細(xì)尋找答案。12．閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

Replacing（更換）somethingsinyourhouseattherighttimecanmakeyouhealthier.Someresearchesshowuswhenandwhythefollowingthingsshouldbereplaced.ItemToothbrushCuttingboardChopsticksBlanketMainmaterialPlasticWoodWoodWoodCleaningwayUsingwarmwaterUsinghotwaterUsinghotwaterDry-cleaningReplacingreasonCausingatoothacheProducingbacteria（細(xì)菌）ProducingbacteriaBeingwornoutReplacingtimeEverythreemonthsEverythreeyearsEveryfivemonthsEveryfiveyears（1）Accordingtotheformabove,________ofthefouritemsis/aremainlymadeofwood.A.

one

B.

two

C.

three

D.

four（2）Youshouldclean________withhotwater.A.

toothbrushesandcuttingboards

B.

chopsticksandblanketsC.

cuttingboardsandchopsticks

D.

toothbrushesandblankets（3）WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtotheformabove?A.

Yourcuttingboardshouldbedry-cleanedwithhotwater.B.

Warmwaterpreventsyourchopsticksfromproducingbacteria.C.

Beingwornoutisthereasonforreplacingyourblanket.D.

Everythreeyearsisthebesttimetoreplaceeverything.【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）C【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章用表格講述了家里很多東西正確的替換時(shí)間和原因。（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格第二行，可知有三種東西的材料是由木頭制成的，故選C。（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三行可知用熱水清洗的有：Cuttingboard和Chopsticks，故選C。（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二行可知要干洗的是Blanket，A不對(duì)，牙刷需要用溫水洗，不是筷子，B不對(duì)，根據(jù)最后一行可知替換每種東西的時(shí)間有三年的，也有五年的，故D不對(duì)，根據(jù)第四行可知Blanket替換的原因是用壞了，故選C。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解能力，能熟練讀懂表格中的內(nèi)容，并根據(jù)問題在原文中找到依據(jù)，選出正確答案。13．閱讀理解

March,2013,theH7N9virus（病毒）hit（襲擊）Shanghai,Anhui,Jiangsu,Zhejiangandsoon.Itseemedthatmostpeoplewhowereinfected（被感染）withH7N9hadthecommonflu（流感）.Somepeoplesufferedfromafeveroracough.

Don'tbeafraid—it'snoteasytobeinfectedwiththevirus.Hereissomeadvicetohelpyouprotectyourselfwhenitcomes.

Washyourhands.Youneedtowashyourhandswithsoapandhotwaterbeforeyoueat,afteryouusethetoilet,andafteryoutouchanimals,becauseyourhandsmaycarryviruses.

Coveryournoseandmouth.Whensomeonesneezes（打噴嚏）orcoughs,fluvirusescantravelasfarasonemeterthroughtheair,soyou'dbetterkeepaproperdistance（距離）whiletalkingtosomeonewhohasacold.Andalwayscoveryourmouthandnosewithapieceofpaperwhenyousneezeorcough,andthencleanyourhands.

Wearamask（口罩）.Somedoctorssaythatmaskscanstopthefluasmuchas80%,butifyoudon'twashyourhandsoften,it'snousewearingamask.Andit'snecessarytowearthemaskinthegroupsofpeople.

Dosportsoften.Exerciseswillhelpmakeyourbodystrongenoughtoresistthevirus.（1）MostpeoplewhowereinfectedwithH7N9had

.A.

acommonflu

B.

astomachache

C.

aheadache

D.

acold（2）WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.

SomepeoplewhowereinfectedwiththeH7N9virushadatoothache.B.

Youshouldcoveryourmouthandnosewithapieceofpaperwhenyousneezeorcough.C.

Somedoctorssaythatmaskscanstopthefluasmuchas100%.D.

It'seasytobeinfectedwiththeH7N9virus.（3）Howmanywaystostopthevirusarementionedinthepassage?A.

Three.

B.

Four.

C.

Five.

D.

Six.（4）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"resist"meaninChinese?A.

抵抗

B.

傳播

C.

感染

D.

消滅（5）What'sthemainideaofthispassage?A.

Ittellsushowtowashhands.B.

Ittellsuswhyweshouldusemasks.C.

Ittellsusnottotouchanimals.

D.

ItgivesussomeadviceonhowtoprotectourselveswhentheH7N9viruscomes.【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）B（4）A（5）D【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文就病毒H7N9發(fā)生時(shí)如何保護(hù)自己給我們提出了一些建議：洗你的手。遮住你的鼻子和嘴。戴口罩。經(jīng)常做運(yùn)動(dòng)。鍛煉會(huì)使你的身體足以抵御病毒。（1）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)

Itseemedthatmostpeoplewhowereinfected（被感染）withH7N9hadthecommonflu可知，大多數(shù)感染H7N9的人都得了普通流感，故選A。（2）細(xì)節(jié)題。本題最好用排除法解題，A選項(xiàng)定位在第一段第二句和第三句，選項(xiàng)A錯(cuò)誤在toothache，C選項(xiàng)定位倒數(shù)第二段的第二句，Somedoctorssaythatmaskscanstopthefluasmuchas80%,與選項(xiàng)Casmuchas80%不符合，故選B。（3）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干要求以及定位到第二段Hereissomeadvicetohelpyouprotectyourselfwhenitcomes.往下數(shù)，即可得出Washyourhands.Coveryournoseandmouth.Wearamask（口罩）.Dosportsoften四種阻止病毒的方法，故選B。（4）詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)Exerciseswillhelpmakeyourbodystrongenoughtoresistthevirus，其中to表目的，鍛煉能夠有強(qiáng)壯的身體去抵抗病毒，也可用選項(xiàng)代入法解題，選取最符合文章邏輯的，故resist是抵抗的意思，故選A。（5）主旨題。根據(jù)本文就病毒H7N9發(fā)生時(shí)如何保護(hù)自己給我們提出了一些建議：洗你的手。遮住你的鼻子和嘴。戴口罩。經(jīng)常做運(yùn)動(dòng)。鍛煉會(huì)使你的身體足以抵御病毒，可知短文就病毒H7N9發(fā)生時(shí)如何保護(hù)自己給我們提出了一些建議，故選D。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)題，詞義猜測(cè)題和主旨題，細(xì)節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案，詞義猜測(cè)題需要根據(jù)上下文提煉相關(guān)信息鎖定詞意，主旨題需要通讀全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。14．閱讀理解

Howmuchsleepdoweneed?Wearealldifferent.Somepeopleneedonlythreehoursofsleepanight.Othersneedtenhoursofsleepanight.MostAmericanssleepanaverage（平均）ofseventoeighthoursanight.Aftertheageoffifty,theaveragesleepingtimegoesdownto6.5hoursanight.

Mostpeoplehaveabadnightwhentheycannotfallasleep（睡著）.Thenameofthisproblemiscalledinsomnia.

Thisisn'tanewproblem.Manyfamouspeopleinhistoryhadinsomnia.Someofthesepeoplehadspecialideastomakethemsleep.BenjaminFranklin,thefamousinventorhadfourbeds.Hemovedfromonetoanothertofallasleep.KingLouisXIV（國(guó)王路易十四）ofFrancehadfourhundredandthirteenbedsandhopedtofallasleepinoneofthem.MarkTwain,thefamousAmericanwriter,hadadifferentway.Helayonhissideacrosstheendofhisbed.（1）Aftertheageoffifty,theaveragesleephoursare________anight.A.

3hours

B.

7or8hours

C.

6.5hours

D.

10hours（2）WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.

KingLouisXIVwasanAmerican.B.

Manyfamouspeopleinhistoryhadabadnightwhentheycouldn'tfallasleep.C.

BenjaminFranklinwasafamousdoctor.D.

MostyoungAmericanssleepforanaverageof6.5hoursanight.（3）WhydidBenjaminFranklinhavefourbeds?A.

Becausehehopedtofallasleep.B.

Becausehewasafamousinventor.C.

Becausehehadalotofmoney.D.

Becausehelikedtolieonhissideacrosstheendofhisbed.【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）A【解析】【分析】本文講述我們需要多少時(shí)間的睡眠，很多人會(huì)患有失眠癥很多名人也不例外。（1）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第一段提到Aftertheageoffifty,theaveragesleepingtimegoesdownto6.5hoursanight.可知50之后每晚睡6.5個(gè)小時(shí)，故選C。（2）細(xì)節(jié)題。

根據(jù)第三段中提到KingLouisXIV（國(guó)王路易十四）ofFrancehadfourhundredandthirteenbedsandhopedtofallasleepinoneofthem他是法國(guó)人可得知A錯(cuò)誤。根據(jù)第三段提到Manyfamouspeopleinhistoryhadinsomnia,too.許多名人也會(huì)失眠故B項(xiàng)正確。BenjaminFranklin,thefamousinventor,hadfourbeds.Hemoved（移動(dòng)）fromonetoanothertofallasleep.他是個(gè)著名的發(fā)明家，而不是作家，故C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。根據(jù)第一段提到BenjaminFranklin,thefamousinventor,hadfourbeds.Hemoved（移動(dòng)）fromonetoanothertofallasleep.50歲以后才會(huì)睡眠6.5小時(shí)故D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤，故選B。（3）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)BenjaminFranklin,thefamousinventorhadfourbeds.Hemovedfromonetoanothertofallaslee的描述可知他有四張床是因?yàn)橄Ｍ?，故選A?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)題?？碱}型，細(xì)節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案。15．閱讀理解

Anoldmandiedandlefthissonalotofmoney.Butthesonwasafoolishyoungman,andhequicklyspentallthemoney,sosoonhehadnothingleft.Ofcourse,whenthathappened,allhisfriendslefthim.Whenhewasquitepoorandalone,hewenttoseeNasreddin,whowasakind,cleveroldmanandoftenhelpedpeoplewhentheyhadtrouble.

"Mymoneyhasfinishedandmyfriendshavegone,"saidtheyoungman."Whatwillhappentomenow?"

"Don'tworry,youngman,"answeredNasreddin.

"Everythingwillsoonbeallrightagain.Wait,andyouwillsoonfeelmuchhappier."

Theyoungmanwasveryglad."AmIgoingtogetrichagainthen?"heaskedNasreddin.

"No,Ididn'tmeanthat,"saidtheoldman."Imeantthatyouwouldsoongetusedtobeingpoorandtohavingnofriends."（1）Anoldmandiedandlefthisson

.A.

nothing

B.

somegold

C.

muchmoney

D.

onlyahouse（2）Whenthesonwas

,hewenttoseeNasreddin.