2026屆新高考英語沖刺復(fù)習(xí)

閱讀理解應(yīng)用文““題型拆解+方法落地+分層訓(xùn)練1.能快速定位并提取廣告、通知等應(yīng)用文中的時間、價格等事實(shí)性信息。2.可解讀圖表、表格類應(yīng)用文的數(shù)據(jù)關(guān)系與邏輯，完成簡單信息整合和計(jì)算。3.能根據(jù)內(nèi)容推斷應(yīng)用文的讀者對象、寫作目的，如判斷某則材料是面向游客還是學(xué)生。4.可理解不同體裁應(yīng)用文的格式特點(diǎn)與語言風(fēng)格，適配其特定使用場景的信息傳遞需求。考綱要求一、應(yīng)用文題型綜合細(xì)節(jié)題詞義轉(zhuǎn)換題理解判斷題主旨要義題作者意圖題推測判斷題文章結(jié)構(gòu)題10種題型7類體裁3個維度廣告類故事類科普類新聞類人物類社科類文化類單句段落細(xì)節(jié)相加一個做法（15字法則）一般細(xì)節(jié)、段落細(xì)節(jié)、全文細(xì)節(jié)、作者觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度、詞義猜測（代詞指代）、例證題、段落主旨、全文主旨（意圖）、結(jié)構(gòu)題、文章出處題識題型，找定位，斷結(jié)構(gòu)，取信息，找平行細(xì)節(jié)理解、推理判斷、詞義猜測、主旨大意一、應(yīng)用文題型地點(diǎn)場所題二、應(yīng)用文特點(diǎn)條理清晰，結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊，重點(diǎn)突出題目數(shù)量穩(wěn)定，通常3題★細(xì)節(jié)理解題推理判斷題文章出處題寫作目的題主標(biāo)題、小標(biāo)題首段：背景、主旨題目設(shè)置相對較容易三、解題策略文章寫的作者想表達(dá)的我們學(xué)生最后讀到的閱讀理解失分區(qū)域第一次單詞不認(rèn)識，導(dǎo)致沒看懂（弱點(diǎn)）第二次長難句沒看懂，糊弄過去了（腦補(bǔ)）第三次單詞記混了，誤解了作者的意思（想象）第N次信息接收出現(xiàn)了偏差（看岔）三、解題策略先題后文圈關(guān)鍵詞/定位詞人名地名數(shù)字疑問詞實(shí)詞看語篇結(jié)構(gòu)標(biāo)題、小標(biāo)題、導(dǎo)語看印刷特征注意同義詞替換大寫、粗體、下劃線、括號三、解題策略

三步曲：一、畫題干，確定關(guān)鍵詞①二、找原文（定位文章中的句子），確定關(guān)鍵詞②

三、看選項(xiàng)（配對選項(xiàng)與原文句子中的同義詞），確定關(guān)鍵詞③找名詞、代詞和形容詞

TheChinesekepttheirsecretofhowtomakepaperuntilawarwithMuslimsintheninthcentury.TheartofpapermakingsoonspreadthroughouttheMuslimworld.

TheMayanIndiansinCentralAmericaandPacificIslandersalsodiscoveredhowtomakepaper,buttheirknowledgeneverspreadtotherestoftheworld.26.HowwaspapermakingintroducedintotherestoftheworldfromChina?A.Throughwars. B.ThroughtheMuslims.C.ThroughtheMayanIndians.

D.ThroughthePacificIslanders.√introduceinto“引進(jìn)”，與spread“傳播”同義關(guān)鍵詞②是我們重點(diǎn)要找的，關(guān)鍵詞②和關(guān)鍵詞③多為同義詞或近義詞關(guān)鍵詞①關(guān)鍵詞②關(guān)鍵詞①關(guān)鍵詞③三、解題策略Imaginationandfantasycanplayanimportantroleinachievingthethingswefear.Childrenknowthisverywell.FredEpstein,inhisbookIfIMakeIttoFive,tellsastoryheheardfromoneoffriendsaboutTom,afour-year-oldboywithacancerinhisbackbone.Hecamethroughseveraloperationsandalotofpainbymasteringhisimagination.Tomlovedtopretend,andheparticularlylovedtoplaysuperheroes,DrEpsteinexplainedthatitwasactuallyabrilliantwayforhisyoungmindtohandletheterrifyingandpainfullifeheled.26.WhatdoweknowaboutTom?A.Hewasseriouslyill.B.Hewasadishonestboy.C.Hewascrazyaboutmagic.D.HewasDr.Epstein’spatient.有據(jù)可查，意同形異——狀況細(xì)節(jié)的判斷三、解題策略

Thedaybeforehisthirdtriptotheoperatingroom,Tomwasterriblyafraid.“MaybeIcouldgoasSuperman,”hewhisperedtohismom.Hearingthis,themotherhesitatedforawhile.Shehadavoidedbuyingtheexpensivecostume(戲裝)，butfinallysheagreed.ThenextdayTomappearedasthepowerfulSuperman,showingoffthroughthehospitalhallsandcoollywavinghishandtothepeoplegreetinghimalongtheway.AndTom,withthestrengthofhisfantasy,successfullymadeitthroughtheoperation.28.WhenTomwentforthethirdoperation,he

.A.pretendedtobepainful B.actedlikeasuperheroC.appearedinpoorspirits D.arguedwithhismother由想法到現(xiàn)實(shí)，一個過程演變的細(xì)節(jié)三、解題策略

HoneyfromtheAfricanforestisnotonlyakindofnaturalsugar,itisalsodelicious.Mostpeople,andmanyanimals,likeeatingit.However,theonlywayforthemtogetthathoneyistofindawildbees'nestandtakethehoneyfromit.Often,thesenestsarehighupintrees,anditisdifficulttofindthem.InpartsofAfrica,though,peopleandanimalslookingforhoneyhaveastrangeandunexpectedhelper-alittlebirdcalledahoneyguide.60.Whyisitdifficulttofindawildbees'nest?A.It'ssmallinsize. B.It'shiddenintrees.C.It'scoveredwithwax. D.It'shardtorecognize.詞語形式迥異——位置判斷三、解題策略1先劃出題干關(guān)鍵信息語，再從短文中找出信息句；2認(rèn)真分析信息詞語前后句，關(guān)注句子主賓關(guān)系和連詞；3最后找出與原文信息詞語語義相同的最佳選項(xiàng)。(意同形異)三、解題策略：but/however/although/while/unfortunately...

：any/every/no/all/always/none/最高級/序數(shù)詞：than/比較級/while/similar/unlike:

““/

:

/——/!/?：because/since/so/therefore

：such

as/for

example123456閱讀“燈塔詞”細(xì)節(jié)理解考查：特定細(xì)節(jié)或重要事實(shí)的辨認(rèn)能力1.是非題2.年代與數(shù)字考點(diǎn)3.數(shù)據(jù)題(計(jì)算)4.排序題5.特殊疑問句(who,what,when,where,why,how)是非題形式：true/false或except?AllofthefollowingaretrueEXCEPT....Whichofthefollowingisnotmentionedinthetext?特殊疑問句形式：Accordingtothepassage,who/what/when/where/why/how…“本本主義”，一切從原文出發(fā)“干擾項(xiàng)”張冠李戴是原文信息，但不是題目要求的內(nèi)容。無中生有符合常識，但不是文章的內(nèi)容。曲解文意與原文的內(nèi)容極其相似，只是在某個細(xì)節(jié)處有些變動。顛倒是非在意思上與原文大相徑庭甚至完全相反。正誤參半部分正確，部分錯誤。同義替換指對原文句子中的關(guān)鍵詞進(jìn)行同義替換。如把loseone'sjob換成了beoutofwork。有些細(xì)節(jié)理解題把原文中的一些詞變換詞性，如把important變換成ofimportance；改變語態(tài)，如主動語態(tài)與被動語態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)換。信息歸納用精煉的語言來概括原文中比較分散或復(fù)雜的信息，設(shè)置為正確答案。細(xì)節(jié)理解正確選項(xiàng)特征細(xì)節(jié)理解題解題原則:“關(guān)鍵詞定位法”，即“帶著問題找答案”步驟和方法：Step1：題干中選定關(guān)鍵詞（定位詞:人名，地名，年份，數(shù)字等）Step2：通過略讀、查讀鎖定文中定位區(qū)域Step3:結(jié)合信息區(qū)域上下文理解、比對

Step4:排除干擾項(xiàng)，篩選得出答案Oneday,however,mysontoldmethathewassadbecausehisfriendswouldcomeoverandIdidn'tunderstandthembecauseIdidn'tspeakEnglish.HewasalsosadbecauseIcouldneverhelphimwithhishomework.Thatsameday,Itoldmyself,“Rocio,youhavetostartbelievinginyourselfandyouwillseeyoucanmakeit.”A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章可知，作者的兒子告訴她因?yàn)樗⑽牟钏圆荒芾斫馑呐笥褌兯f的話，而且作者也不能幫助他做作業(yè)。從那時起，作者開始下決心學(xué)英文。選A項(xiàng)。2．WhatmadetheauthormakeuphermindtostudyEnglish?A．Whathersonsaid.B．Whatherdaughtersaid.C．Thinkingaboutherself.D．Thinkingaboutherdaughter.信息歸納CookingPolicyStudentslivinginbuildingsthathavekitchensareonlypermittedtocookinthekitchen.Studentsmustcleanupaftercooking.Thisisnottheresponsibilityofhousekeepingstaff.Kitchensthatarenotkeptcleanmaybeclosedforuse.Withtheexceptionofusingasmallmicrowaveoventoheatfood,studentsarenotpermittedtocookintheirrooms.2.Whatdoweknowaboutthecookingpolicy?A.Ahousekeeperistocleanupthekitchen.B.Cookinginstudentroomsispermitted.C.Amicrowaveovencanbeused.D.Studentsaretoclosekitchendoorsaftercooking顛倒是非曲解文意題干中選定關(guān)鍵詞

結(jié)合信息區(qū)域上下文理解、比對

推理判斷題考查依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容和考生應(yīng)有的常識進(jìn)行推理和判斷的能力。此類題目文章中沒有明確的答案，需要考生在理解全文的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行推理和判斷。其主要提問方式是：1.Whatcanweinferfromparagragh3?2.Whatistheimpliedmeaningoftheunderlinedpart?3.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?4.Whoaretheintendedreadersofthepassage?5.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofnewdevices?6.Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken?1)題型分類

a)

細(xì)節(jié)推斷題

要求考生根據(jù)語篇關(guān)系，推斷具體細(xì)節(jié)，如時間，地點(diǎn),人物關(guān)系,人物身份,事件等。一般可根據(jù)短文提供的信息,或者借助生活常識進(jìn)行判斷推理。

b)因果推斷題

要求考生根據(jù)已知結(jié)果推測導(dǎo)致結(jié)果的可能原因?？忌獪?zhǔn)確掌握文章的內(nèi)涵,理解文章的真正含義。c)

人物性格、態(tài)度及觀點(diǎn)判斷題高考閱讀測試中有些是考察考生對作者的主導(dǎo)思想，被描寫人物語氣，言談話語中流漏的情緒，性格傾向和作者或文中人物，態(tài)度觀點(diǎn)等方面的理解題。做這一類題注意：

i.

由表及里的準(zhǔn)確把握字里行間的意思，切勿用自己的主觀想法或觀點(diǎn)代替作者的思想觀點(diǎn)。

ii.

特別注意那些描寫環(huán)境氣氛的語言，以及表達(dá)感情，態(tài)度觀點(diǎn)的詞語。要特別注意作者在文章中的措辭，尤其是表達(dá)感情色彩的形容詞。

iii.

能結(jié)合自己平時積累的有關(guān)英語國家的文化傳統(tǒng)，風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣等背景知識來識別評價。d)

預(yù)測想象推理題有些內(nèi)容文章中沒有明確說明，要求考生根據(jù)語篇，對事件可能的結(jié)局或下段可能涉及的內(nèi)容等進(jìn)行預(yù)測推理。做這類題時應(yīng)把握作者的寫作思路（如文章可能按事件發(fā)展的經(jīng)過描寫，也可能按因果關(guān)系，對比關(guān)系來敘述），從而作出比較科學(xué)的合情合理的預(yù)測。干擾項(xiàng)的特點(diǎn)：（1）以假亂真，編造信息；不是在文章事實(shí)或上下文邏輯基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行推理而得的觀點(diǎn)。（2）混淆本末，主次不分；雖然以文章提供的事實(shí)或內(nèi)在邏輯為基礎(chǔ)進(jìn)行推理，但推理過頭，概括過度。（3）直接間接不分，把文章中明確表達(dá)的內(nèi)容當(dāng)成推理出來的（4）因果顛倒；原文的原因變成了選項(xiàng)中的結(jié)果，或反之。主旨大意題

主題思想是作者在文章中要表達(dá)的核心內(nèi)容，也是作者始終要說明的問題。段落的中心思想常由主題句來表達(dá)。

Sometimesthefirstsentenceofapassageisthetopic/keysentenceSometimesthelastsentence

isthetopic/keysentenceSometimesthetopic/keysentenceisinthemiddleofapassageSometimesyouhavetoputseveralkeysentencestogether

togetthemainideaSometimesyoucan’tfindthetopic/keysentenceinthepassage.Youhavetosumitupyourself.主旨大意題解題原則:概括文章中心主旨步驟和方法：step1：全文定位主題句應(yīng)用文（廣告）開頭記敘文（故事傳記）結(jié)尾議論文開頭說明文開頭step2：輔以高頻詞法（幾乎每段均出現(xiàn)過一次或幾次的詞為高頻詞，中心主旨必須含有較多高頻詞）step3：排除法（選那些深層、概括、積極、有意義的選項(xiàng)，而摒棄片面的選項(xiàng)）生詞1.生詞2.熟詞生用3.一詞多義語境線索contextclues詞義猜測1.Whatdoestheunderlineword“...”inparagragh3mean?2.Whichofthefollowingisnearest/closestinmeaningto"..."?3.Accordingtotheauthortheword"..."means__________.4.Byword"..."theauthormeans__________.所謂猜測詞義,是指在閱讀過程中根據(jù)對語篇的信息、邏輯、背景知識及語言結(jié)構(gòu)等的綜合理解去猜測或推斷某一生詞、難詞、關(guān)鍵詞的詞義,它是一種非常有用的閱讀技巧,獲得這種技巧之后,讀者在閱讀過程中能很快通過上下文提供的線索或生詞本身的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)推斷出詞義來,從而提高閱讀速度和閱讀能力.善用語境線索，猜測生詞意思1．Thepeoplewho

survived

theearthquakecriedbitterlyoverthebodiesoftheirrelatives．

2．Thepupilsassembled

infrontoftheschoolhall．Theycametogethertolistentotheheadmasterannouncetheresultofthesportsmeeting．幸存聚集善用語境線索，猜測生詞意思1)Pantomimereferstoashortplayinwhichnowordsarespoken.1.解釋性線索啞劇

2)Thepowerfulpoisonwasimperceptiblewhenmixedinliquid;thatis,itcouldnotbetasted,seen,orsmelled.

感覺不到的善用語境線索，猜測生詞意思2.同義詞線索(or,like,similarly，also)Doctorsbelievethatsmokingisdetrimentaltoyourhealth.Theyalsoregarddrinkingasharmful.有害的MrSmithlovestotalk,andhiswifeissimilarlyloquacious多話的善用語境線索，猜測生詞意思Somepeopleliketowalkquicklyhome,butIpreferto

stroll

homeandlookatthestorewindowsalongtheway3.反義詞線索(yet,but,unlike,however,while,not…but,instead,onthecontrary,incontrast,ratherthan)漫步1.UnliketheUnitedStates,wheremanydifferentnationalitiesmakeupthepopulation,Japan’spopulationisquite

homogeneous.2.Writtenlanguagetendstobestatic,whilespokenlanguageconstantlychanges.同類的靜止不變的3.Mr.Wangisagentlemanwhoisalwayspunctualforallhisclasses,buthearrivedover10minuteslateyesterdaymorning.（punctual與

over10minuteslate形成鮮明的對比?！笆貢r的”）善用語境線索，猜測生詞意思ManyUnitedNationsemployeesarepolyglots;MrSimoson,forexample,speaksfivelanguagesfluently.4.例證性線索(forexample,forinstance,suchas,likeetc.)Carsmusthavecertainsafetydevicessuchasseatbelt,headlights,andgoodbrakes.

通曉多種語言的人設(shè)備Hewasaprestidigitatorwhoentertainedthechildrenbypullingrabbitsoutofhats,swallowingfire,andothersimilartricks.5.修飾性線索(詞，短語，從句）

變戲法的人1).Hebegantoshavehiswhiskers,whichhadgrownthickonbothcheeks.2).Hetakesaspecialinterestinbotanywhichconcernsthestudyofplants.胡須植物學(xué)三讀法1.略讀(skimmming)—快速瀏覽抓住文章中心大意以及文章的結(jié)構(gòu)(借助所給圖表結(jié)構(gòu)）。2.速覽(scanning)—帶著問題，找到文章對應(yīng)點(diǎn)，確認(rèn)題型，分析整理歸納信息并且準(zhǔn)確表達(dá)信息。3.細(xì)讀(detailedreading)—復(fù)讀文章，反復(fù)揣摩所填之詞是否符合文章內(nèi)容，其拼寫是否正確。四、解題誤區(qū)一、忽視小標(biāo)題。各類標(biāo)題更能幫我們把握整篇文章的大意，體現(xiàn)文體特點(diǎn)，有利于幫助我們判斷文章來源出處二、忽視首尾段。寫作意圖題和主旨大意題三、閱讀文章時逐字逐句，力爭讀懂每一句話。貼合文本不主觀代入

首段（文章主題）

小標(biāo)題（每個段落

主題）SoutheastMichiganiscentraltoalotoflow-costandfreeactivities

tokeepkidsoccupied,happyandlearningduringholidays.Here’salist

fromtheDetroitFreePress’seducationreporter.

首段（文章主題）iscentral——low-cost、freeactivities目的：keepkidsoccupied（忙碌）、happyandlearningduringholidays（假期）21.WhatdoweknowabouttheNatureCenter?（細(xì)節(jié)理解題）A.Itisopen

allday. B.Ithasanimalsinit.C.Itisintheoutdoors. D.Itoffersguideservice.對theNatureCenter了解多少？（從文章中對theNatureCenter

能夠得到什么信息？）A.全天開放B.有動物C.在戶外D.提供導(dǎo)游服務(wù)21.WhatdoweknowabouttheNatureCenter?（細(xì)節(jié)理解）A.Itisopen

allday. B.Ithasanimalsinit.C.Itisintheoutdoors. D.Itoffersguideservice.Self-guidednaturewalksatHeritagePark,FarmingtonHillsFarmingtonHillsFarmingtonPublicSchoolpartneredwiththeFarmingtonNatureCenter

atHeritageParktocreateprintable,self-guidednaturewalkswithactivitiesforchildrenthissummer.TheNatureCenter,indoors,isalsoopenincaseitstartstorainandfeaturesmanykindsofanimals,whichisgreatforkids.TheNatureCenterisfreeandopenMondaythroughSaturdayfrom10a.m.to4p.m.andSundayfromnoonuntil4p.m.篡改內(nèi)容篡改內(nèi)容21.WhatdoweknowabouttheNatureCenter?（細(xì)節(jié)理解）A.Itisopen

allday. B.Ithasanimalsinit.C.Itisintheoutdoors.

D.Itoffersguideservice.Self-guidednaturewalksatHeritagePark,FarmingtonHillsFarmingtonHillsFarmingtonPublicSchoolpartneredwiththeFarmingtonNatureCenter

atHeritageParktocreateprintable,self-guidednaturewalkswithactivitiesforchildrenthissummer.TheNatureCenter,indoors,isalsoopenincaseitstartstorainandfeaturesmanykindsofanimals,whichisgreatforkids.TheNatureCenterisfreeandopen

MondaythroughSaturdayfrom10a.m.to4p.m.andSundayfromnoonuntil4p.m.篡改內(nèi)容21.WhatdoweknowabouttheNatureCenter?（細(xì)節(jié)理解）A.Itisopen

allday. B.Ithasanimalsinit.C.Itisintheoutdoors.

D.Itoffersguideservice.Self-guidednaturewalksatHeritagePark,FarmingtonHillsFarmingtonHillsFarmingtonPublicSchoolpartneredwiththeFarmingtonNatureCenteratHeritageParktocreateprintable,self-guidednaturewalkswithactivitiesforchildrenthissummer.TheNatureCenter,indoors,isalsoopenincaseitstartstorainandfeaturesmanykindsofanimals,whichisgreatforkids.TheNatureCenterisfreeandopen

MondaythroughSaturdayfrom10a.m.to4p.m.andSundayfromnoonuntil4p.m.featurev.以...為特征22.Whichofthefollowingrequiresbooking

inadvance?

（細(xì)節(jié)理解題）A.Publicplanetariumshows. B.Self-guidednaturewalks.C.AnactivityheldbyStemville. D.Thepaper-cuttingactivityinAnnArborArtsCenter.熟詞生義：v.預(yù)訂、預(yù)約以下哪一項(xiàng)需要提前預(yù)訂？22.Whichofthefollowingrequiresbooking

inadvance?

（細(xì)節(jié)理解題）Stemville,NorthvilleandDetroitIfyouwanttoencouragealittlescienceandengineeringcreativity,Stemvillepromisestoencouragekidstocreatewithvarioustools,robotsandmore.Thissummer,theorganizationishostingapop-up（快閃）,whichrequiresparentstobookonlineaheadoftime.Cost:$20foronechildandoneadultatNorthville.同義替換inadvance=aheadoftime提前答案C.AnactivityheldbyStemville.

23.Whatdothefouractivities

haveincommon?（細(xì)節(jié)理解題）

A.Theyhaveanagelimit. B.Theyarefreeofcharge.C.Theyincludeafilm-watchingperiod. D.Theytakeplaceinsummer.找共性這四項(xiàng)活動有什么共同點(diǎn)？A.有年齡限制。B.是免費(fèi)的。C.其中包括一段看電影的時間。D.活動的時間在夏天。23.Whatdothefouractivities

haveincommon?（細(xì)節(jié)理解題）

A.Theyhaveanagelimit. B.Theyarefreeofcharge.C.Theyincludeafilm-watchingperiod. D.Theytakeplaceinsummer.AnnArborArtsCenterAnnArborArtsCenter,togetherwithotherprogramsforkidsandteens,offersafamilyFridayeventonselectFridaysduringthesummerholidays......暑假（夏天）23.Whatdothefouractivities

haveincommon?（細(xì)節(jié)理解題）

A.Theyhaveanagelimit. B.Theyarefreeofcharge.C.Theyincludeafilm-watchingperiod. D.Theytakeplaceinsummer.Self-guidednature