Unit8Petsandus主題范疇：人與自然主題群：自然生態(tài)子主題：熱愛與敬畏自然，與自然和諧共生KeyquestionWhydopeoplekeeppets?knowsomethingaboutteachingtheparrottotalk；learntomakeapetbooklet.Learningobjectives學(xué)習(xí)目標Attheendoftheclass,I’llbeableto:Lead-inWhatsongdidtheparrotsing?JingleBellsCross-curricularconnection|Biologicalscience*Parrotsareveryintelligentbirds,andtheycanevenlearnhowtotalk.Let’sfindouthowtotrainaparrottosaywords.Parrotsarepopularpets.Theyaresocialandintelligentbirds.Theyhavetheabilitytomimic(模仿)humanspeechandwecanteachthemtotalk!Trainingyourparrot?Putyourparrot’scageinacalmandquietplace.?Holdatreatinfrontofthebirdandbeginwithasimplewordlike“hello”.Lookatyourbirdandsay“hello”inabrightandpositivevoice.Repeatthesamewordmultipletimes.?Whenyourparrotstartsmakingasoundlike“hello”,giveitlotsofpraiseandatreat.Saythewordbacktoitinanexcitedandloudvoice.?Whenyourparrotcansay“hello”,moveontoteachingitthenextnewword!Readthearticleabouthowtoteachparrotstotalkandcorrectthestatements.TeachingyourparrottotalkThingstobearinmind?Choosetherighttimetotrainyourparrot.Ifthebirdlookstiredornotinterested,leaveitalone.?Keepyourtrainingsessionsshort.Whenyourparrotstartslookingawayfromyouorcleaningitsfeathers(羽毛),itistimetostop.?Onlygiveyourparrotatreatwhenitmakesasoundsimilartothewordyouaretryingtoteach.?Bepatient.Giveyourparrotenoughtimetolearntosayawordclearly.Teachingyourparrottakestime.Don’tbedisappointedifyourparrotdoesn’tspeakatfirst.Oneday,itmaysurpriseyouwithabrightandbreezy(輕松愉快的)“Hello!”Readandfillintheblank.TrainingyourparrotPutyourparrot’scageina____________place.Hold_____infrontofthebirdandbeginwithasimplewordlike“hello”.Lookatyourbirdandsay“hello”inabrightandpositivevoice.Repeatthesameword____________.Whenyourparrotstartsmakingasoundlike“hello”,giveit___________andatreat.Saythewordbacktoitinanexcitedandloudvoice.Whenyourparrotcansay“hello”,moveontoteachingit________________!calmandquietatreatmultipletimeslotsofpraisethenextnewwordThingstobearinmind?Choose____________totrainyourparrot.Ifthebirdlookstiredornotinterested,___________.?Keepyourtrainingsessions______.Whenyourparrotstarts___________________or________________,itistimetostop.?Onlygiveyourparrotatreat____________________similartothewordyouaretryingtoteach.?_________.Giveyourparrotenoughtimetolearntosayawordclearly.leaveitalonetherighttimeshortlookingawayfromyoucleaningitsfeatherswhenitmakesasoundBepatient(1)Saythewordonceandwaitpatientlyforyourparrottorepeat.Readthearticleandcorrectthestatements.Repeatthewordmultipletimesandwaitpatientlyforyourparrottorepeat.(2)Teachasmanywordsasyoucanifyourparrotlooksinterested.Readthearticleandcorrectthestatements.Teachonlywhenyourparrotlooksinterested.Afterthebirdhaslearntoneword,youcanmoveontoteachingitthenextnewword.(3)Parrotsonlyspeakafteralongtrainingsession,sobepatient.Readthearticleandcorrectthestatements.Keepyourtrainingsessionsshort.Whenyourparrotstartslookingawayfromyouorcleaningitsfeathers,itistimetostop.(4)Giveyourparrotatreatbeforeyoustarttoteachasimpleword.Readthearticleagainandcorrectthestatements.Onlygiveyourparrotatreatwhenitmakesasoundsimilartothewordyouareteaching.UsefulexpressionsParrotsarepopularpets.Theyaresocialandintelligentbirds.Theyhavetheabilitytomimichumanspeechandwecanteachthemtotalk!Trainingyourparrot?Putyourparrot’scageinacalmandquietplace.?Holdatreatinfrontofthebirdandbeginwithasimplewordlike“hello”.Lookatyourbirdandsay“hello”inabrightandpositivevoice.Repeatthesamewordmultipletimes.?Whenyourparrotstartsmakingasoundlike“hello”,giveitlotsofpraiseandatreat.Saythewordbacktoitinanexcitedandloudvoice.?Whenyourparrotcansay“hello”,moveontoteachingitthenextnewword!Teachingyourparrottotalk有能力做某事以……開始繼續(xù)做某事用歡快且積極的語氣模仿人類講話拿一個獎勵Thingstobearinmind?Choosetherighttimetotrainyourparrot.Ifthebirdlookstiredornotinterested,leaveitalone.?Keepyourtrainingsessionsshort.Whenyourparrotstartslookingawayfromyouorcleaningitsfeathers(羽毛),itistimetostop.?Onlygiveyourparrotatreatwhenitmakesasoundsimilartothewordyouaretryingtoteach.?Bepatient.Giveyourparrotenoughtimetolearntosayawordclearly.Teachingyourparrottakestime.Don’tbedisappointedifyourparrotdoesn’tspeakatfirst.Oneday,itmaysurpriseyouwithabrightandbreezy(輕松愉快的)“Hello!”讓……獨自呆著記??；牢記合適的時機花時間；慢慢來訓(xùn)練課程Findoutwhysomebirdsareabletomimichumanspeechandshareyourfindingswithyourclassmates.背景知識鸚鵡能夠模仿人類說話，主要與其獨特的生理結(jié)構(gòu)、聽覺感知能力以及后天學(xué)習(xí)行為密切相關(guān)，具體原因可從以下三個核心方面解釋：一、關(guān)鍵生理基礎(chǔ)：獨特的發(fā)聲器官特殊的鳴管結(jié)構(gòu)：鳥類的發(fā)聲器官是“鳴管”（位于氣管與支氣管交界處），鸚鵡的鳴管周圍附著大量靈活的肌肉，且鳴管分為左右兩部分，可獨立振動發(fā)聲。這種結(jié)構(gòu)使其能精準控制氣流和振動頻率，模擬出人類語言中復(fù)雜的音調(diào)、音色和節(jié)奏。靈活的舌部與口腔：鸚鵡的舌頭厚實、多肉且極具靈活性，類似人類舌頭的功能。它能通過調(diào)整舌位、口腔形狀配合鳴管振動，進一步細化聲音細節(jié)，讓模仿的語言更接近人類發(fā)音。二、聽覺與認知能力：精準的聲音捕捉與記憶鸚鵡具備強大的聽覺分辨和聲音記憶能力，為模仿提供“軟件支持”：敏銳的聽覺辨識：鸚鵡能清晰區(qū)分人類語言中細微的音高、聲調(diào)變化（如漢語的四聲、英語的重音），這使其能精準捕捉目標聲音的特征。長期聲音記憶：它們的大腦中存在與聲音學(xué)習(xí)相關(guān)的特殊腦區(qū)（如“核心鳴唱系統(tǒng)”），能將聽到的聲音信息儲存并反復(fù)調(diào)取，通過不斷練習(xí)調(diào)整發(fā)聲，最終實現(xiàn)對人類語言的模仿。背景知識三、行為動機：社交與生存需求驅(qū)動鸚鵡的模仿行為并非“無目的的學(xué)舌”，而是受社交本能和后天互動驅(qū)動：社交聯(lián)結(jié)需求：鸚鵡是高度社會化的鳥類，在野外通過鳴叫與同類溝通。當(dāng)它們與人類共同生活時，會將人類視為“群體成員”，模仿人類語言是其表達親近、尋求關(guān)注或融入群體的方式。后天強化學(xué)習(xí)：當(dāng)鸚鵡模仿人類說話后，若得到主人的獎勵（如食物、撫摸、回應(yīng)），這種正向反饋會強化其模仿行為，使其更主動地重復(fù)和學(xué)習(xí)新的語言片段。背景知識習(xí)題1Theyhavean_______(able)tomimichumanspeech.2Putyour_______(parrot)cageinacalmandquietplace.3Choosingtherighttime_______(exercise)isveryimportant4Youshouldbepatientbecauselearningaskill_______(take)muchtime.5Let’smoveonto___________(discuss)thenextproject.abilitiyparrot’stoexercisetakesdiscussing佳句回顧1.看著你的鳥，用輕快又積極的語氣說“你好”。__________________________________________________________________________________________________2.當(dāng)你的鸚鵡會說“你好”了，就接著教它下一個新單詞！__________________________________________________________________________________________________Lookatyourbirdandsay“hello”inabrightandpositivevoice.Whenyourparrotcansay“hello”,moveontoteachingitthenextnewword!佳句回顧3.如果這只鳥看起來很疲憊或沒興趣，就別打擾它。__________________________________________________________________________________________________4.只有當(dāng)你的鸚鵡發(fā)出與你試圖教的單詞相似的聲音時，才給它喂食獎勵。__________________________________________________________________________________________________Ifthebirdlookstiredornotinterested,leaveitalone.Onlygiveyourparrotatreatwhenitmakesasoundsimilartothewordyouaretryingtoteach.Whatanimalwouldyouliketokeepasapet?Inthisproject,youaregoingtomakeaclasspetbooklet.MakingapetbookletStep1