Unit4NaturalDisastersWriteasummaryPart1

Readingcomprehension答案

B第一步

精讀課文

領(lǐng)悟細(xì)節(jié)Read

the

text

carefully

and

choose

the

best

answers.1.Wherecanthispassagemostprobablybeseen?A.Atravelbrochure.B.Adailynewspaper.C.Amonthlymagazine.D.Agovernmentwebsite.答案

A2.Whendidthetsunamihappen?A.At7:00a.m.,26December2004.B.At7:00p.m.,26December2004.C.At7:00a.m.,27December2004.D.At7:00p.m.,27December2004.答案

C3.Whatcausedthetsunami?A.Aflood.B.Adrought.C.Anearthquake.D.Avolcaniceruption.答案

C4.Whywoulditbedifficulttodeliverfoodandsuppliestothetsunami-hitcountries?A.Itwasstillrainingheavily.B.Therewerenoenoughtrucks.C.Theroadstotheseareaswereblocked.D.Thepeopleintheseareaswerenotwillingtoacceptthesefoodandsupplies.重點(diǎn)句式多維剖析1.be

doing

sth

when...【教材原句】Iwas

having

breakfastwithmythreechildrenwhenwaterstartedfillingmyhome.我和三個(gè)孩子正在吃早飯,這時(shí)海水開(kāi)始灌入屋內(nèi)。when在本句中用作并列連詞,表示“正在那時(shí);這時(shí)”,常用句型還有:be

about

to

do

sth

when...

正要做某事,這時(shí)……h(huán)ad

just

done

sth

when...

剛做過(guò)某事,這時(shí)……【佳句背誦】Thechildrenwere

playingfootballontheplaygroundwhenitbegantorain.[讀后續(xù)寫之天氣、動(dòng)作描寫]孩子們正在操場(chǎng)上踢足球,這時(shí)突然下起了雨?！炯磳W(xué)即練】單句寫作①這位老人正在散步時(shí)突然看到了遠(yuǎn)處升起的煙。Theoldman

smokerisinginthedistance.

②他剛要放棄,這時(shí)他被救援人員發(fā)現(xiàn)了。He

hewasfoundbyrescueworkers.

③這些幸存者剛從被毀的房子里逃出來(lái),房子就倒塌了。Thesesurvivors

itfellapart.

washavingawalkwhenhesawwasabouttogiveupwhenhadjustescapedfromthedestroyedhousewhen2.make+it+形容詞/名詞+不定式/that從句【教材原句】However,dangerousconditionsanddamagedroadswillmake

it

difficult

to

deliver

food

and

supplies.然而,由于條件險(xiǎn)惡和道路受損,運(yùn)送食物和物資補(bǔ)給將非常困難。(1)“make+it+形容詞/名詞(賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ))+to

do/that從句”中的it為形式賓語(yǔ),真正的賓語(yǔ)為后面的動(dòng)詞不定式或that從句。find,feel,think,take等動(dòng)詞也有這樣的用法。

(2)在“make+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)中,賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)可以是名詞、形容詞、過(guò)去分詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、不帶to的不定式等。

(3)當(dāng)“make+賓語(yǔ)+do

sth”變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí),要加上不定式符號(hào)to?！炯磳W(xué)即練】單句寫作/語(yǔ)段寫作/句型轉(zhuǎn)換①我寫信是為了感謝你使我成為學(xué)生會(huì)主席。[應(yīng)用文之感謝信]Iamwritingtothankyoufor

oftheStudents’Council.

②追兔子使我在樹(shù)林中迷路了。更糟糕的是,突降大雨使我更難找到回家的路。無(wú)邊的黑暗和恐懼使我大哭起來(lái)。[讀后續(xù)寫之片段描寫]Runningafterarabbit

intheforest.Whatwasworse,anunexpectedheavyrain_________________________________

mywayhome.Endlessdarknessandfear

.

③OurEnglishteachermade

us

recitethreesentenceseveryday.→_____________________________________________________________

(變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))

makingmechairmanmademelostmadeitmoredifficultformetofindmademeburstoutcryingWeweremadetorecitethreesentenceseverydaybyourEnglishteacher.第二步賞析語(yǔ)篇

學(xué)練寫作學(xué)結(jié)構(gòu)概要寫作——Definition對(duì)閱讀理解和寫作的綜合考察，需要學(xué)生在正確理解文章的基礎(chǔ)上，在不改變?cè)闹行念}材和結(jié)構(gòu)的前提下，用精煉的語(yǔ)句高度概括文章的主要內(nèi)容和觀點(diǎn)。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，每年的《考試說(shuō)明》對(duì)本題型的要求是“提供一篇350詞以內(nèi)的短文，要求考生基于該短文寫出一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要?！遍喚頃r(shí)將主要考慮以下內(nèi)容：1.對(duì)原文要點(diǎn)的理解和呈現(xiàn)情況；2.應(yīng)用語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯的準(zhǔn)確性；3.上下文的連貫性；4.各要點(diǎn)的獨(dú)立性。寫作步驟——Procedures

1.仔細(xì)閱讀并理解文章大意；2.從宏觀角度抓住主題句，忽略掉次要信息。3.運(yùn)用自己的語(yǔ)言高度概括文章，形成全文概要。1.要準(zhǔn)確運(yùn)用詞匯和語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)：巧妙運(yùn)用英語(yǔ)中常用的高分表達(dá)，如定語(yǔ)從句、強(qiáng)調(diào)句、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞等；2.有效使用邏輯關(guān)系詞，保證上下文的連貫性，常見(jiàn)的邏輯詞有：（1）并列關(guān)系:and,andalso,or,neither…nor,either…or,likewise,similarly,equally,inthesameway,thatistosay,aswellas,same…as要點(diǎn)——Pointsforattention

（2）遞進(jìn)關(guān)系:then,also,besides,additionally,furthermore,moreover,inaddition,whatismore,indeed（3）因果關(guān)系:because,for,since,as,thus,hence,therefore,so,so(such)…that,consequently,dueto,thanksto,asaresult,becauseof,inthat,inresponseto,forthisreason,leadto（4）轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系:but,however,yet,onthecontrary,infact,bycontrast,ontheotherhand,unfortunately,while,whereas,unlike,ratherthan,insteadof（5）讓步關(guān)系:although,though,eventhough,evenif,nevertheless,despite,inspiteof（6）列舉關(guān)系:first-second-lastofall;first-then;tobeginwith-tocontinue/next;ononehand-ontheotherhand;foronething-foranotherthing;one-another;some-others-stillothers（7）舉例關(guān)系:suchas,forexample,forinstance,of/amongthese/those/them,totakeanexample,morespecificallyspeaking,namely（8）總結(jié)關(guān)系:allinall,inbrief,inshort,inaword,inconclusion,altogether,tosumup,toconclude,toputitinoneword,onthewhole3.保證語(yǔ)言表達(dá)的獨(dú)立性，學(xué)會(huì)通過(guò)同意轉(zhuǎn)換句子重構(gòu)等方法，用自己的語(yǔ)言概括原文的主題句。AtsunamithatcrashedintocoastlinesacrossAsia=hit/struckGovernmentofficialssaid

=described/statedThousandsofpeoplearestillmissing=lostThenumberofdeathsisexpectedtogrowevenhigher

=ispredicted/isestimatedKillingmorethan6,500people=withmorethan6,500peoplekilled.However,dangerousconditionsanddamageruleswillmakeitdifficulttodeliverfoodandsupplies.=Whereas,itisdifficulttodeliverfoodandsuppliedbecauseofdangerousconditionsanddamagedroads.學(xué)寫作【寫作要求】閱讀下面短文,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。TheearthquakethathitSanFranciscoonApril18,1906shookdownhundredsofthousandsofdollars’worthofwallsandchimneys(煙囪).Butthefirethatfollowedburneduphundredsofmillionsofdollars’worthofbuildingsandhomes.Neverbeforeinhistoryhasacitybeensocompletelydestroyed.SanFranciscoisgone.Thefactories,thegreatstoresandnewspaperbuildings,thehotels,andthegreathousesoftherichareallgone.OnWednesdaymorningataquarterpastfivecametheearthquake.Amomentlater,thedisasterwasafact.SouthofMarketStreet,intheworking-classneighborhoodsandinthefactories,firesstarted.Withinanhourofthefirstquake,thesmokecouldbeseen100milesaway.Thesunwasredinthedarksky.Therewasnostoppingthefires.Thefirefighterstowhomthetaskwasgivendidtheirbestbuttherewasnowaytoorganizeorcommunicate.Therailwaytrackswerenowuselessandtherewasnowaterinwaterpipes.Allofthewaysmanhadmadetokeepthecitysafeweregoneinthethirtysecondstheearthmoved.ByWednesdayafternoon,halftheheartofthecitywasgone.Atthattime,Iwatchedthedisasterfromashiponthebay(海灣).Outatseaitwascalm.Nowindcameup.Yetfromeverydirection—east,west,north,andsouth—strongwindsblewupontheunluckycityandthosewhosehomeshadoncestoodinitsgreenhills.Wednesdaynightsawthedestructionoftheveryheartofthecity.Manhimselfhadtomakeruinsofsomeofthecity’sbestbuildingssothattheywouldnotbeadangertothoseinthestreets.Tensofthousandswhohadlosttheirhomesleftthecitytolookforshelterfromthefires.Someweredressedonlyinblanketsandcarriedthethingsthattheyhadbeenabletorescuefromthefires.Buttherewerenofightsandnopushingorshoving.Somehowthisworstofdisastersbroughtoutthebestinthesurvivors.NeverinallofSanFrancisco’shistorywereherpeoplesokindasonthisnightofterror.【審題謀篇】

體裁記敘文人稱第三人稱為主時(shí)態(tài)一般過(guò)去時(shí)為主話題介紹舊金山地震要點(diǎn)1.地震本身的相關(guān)信息(顯性要點(diǎn))2.地震引發(fā)的災(zāi)難(顯性要點(diǎn))1.地震后的狀況(隱性要點(diǎn))2.災(zāi)難中的人們(隱性要點(diǎn))框架第一句:地震發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)及造成的破壞第二句:地震開(kāi)始的具體時(shí)間,引發(fā)的火災(zāi)造成的破壞第三句:下午城市的狀況第四句:晚上的情況第五句:災(zāi)難中人們的表現(xiàn)【遣詞造句】信息歸納快速閱讀短文,找出每一部分的核心詞匯,并連詞成句Part

11.核心詞匯earthquake;hit;SanFrancisco;onApril18,1906;completelydestroyed2.連詞成句AgreatearthquakestruckSanFranciscoonApril18,1906,leavingthecitycompletelydestroyed.Part

23.核心詞匯aquarterpastfive;cametheearthquake;SouthofMarketStreet;firesstarted;nowaytoorganizeorcommunicate4.連詞成句At5:15amthequakebegan,andlaterfiresstartedinSouthofMarketStreetandthecitywasleftwithoutmeansofcommunicationortransportation.Part

35.核心詞匯Wednesdayafternoon;halftheheartofthecity;begone6.連詞成句Bytheafternoon,halftheheartofthecityhaddisappeared.Part

47.核心詞匯Wednesdaynight;destruction;losttheirhomes;lookforshelter8.連