2026屆新高考英語(yǔ)熱點(diǎn)沖刺復(fù)習(xí)如何寫(xiě)好自然災(zāi)害類應(yīng)用文開(kāi)頭段：直入主題，說(shuō)明背景與目的·簡(jiǎn)要描述災(zāi)害（時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、名稱）。·點(diǎn)明寫(xiě)作目的（倡議援助、普及知識(shí)、報(bào)道情況等）。核心寫(xiě)作框架·常用句式：·“Iamwritingtodrawyourattentiontotherecentdevastatingearthquakethatstruck...”（倡議書(shū)）·“Asweallknow,floodshavebecomeincreasinglyfrequentinourregion.Today,I’dliketosharesomeessentialtipsto...”（演講稿）·“Hereisabriefreportonthetyphoonthathitourcitylastweek.”（報(bào)道）主體段：詳細(xì)闡述，邏輯展開(kāi)·倡議援助類：說(shuō)明災(zāi)情嚴(yán)重性（人員傷亡、財(cái)產(chǎn)損失）→呼吁具體幫助（捐款、物資、志愿者）。·知識(shí)普及/建議類：分點(diǎn)說(shuō)明預(yù)防措施、應(yīng)對(duì)步驟、必備物品?！な录?bào)道類：按時(shí)間順序敘述災(zāi)害經(jīng)過(guò)→政府民眾應(yīng)對(duì)→當(dāng)前狀況。結(jié)尾段：總結(jié)呼吁，升華情感·重申重要性或緊迫性?！ぐl(fā)出號(hào)召或表達(dá)信心與祝愿?！こＳ镁涫剑骸ぁ癊verylittlehelpcounts.Let’sjoinhandsandpullthroughthisdifficulttimetogether.”·“Byfollowingthesesteps,wecansignificantlyreducetherisks.”·“Webelievethatwithconcertedefforts,theaffectedareaswillberebuilt.”重點(diǎn)詞匯

災(zāi)害類型詞匯TypesofDisasters地質(zhì)類·earthquake地震·aftershock余震·landslide山體滑坡.mudslide泥石流·volcaniceruption火山噴發(fā)·tsunami海嘯·flood洪水·flashflood暴洪·typhoon臺(tái)風(fēng).hurricane颶風(fēng)·tornado龍卷風(fēng)·drought干旱·blizzard暴風(fēng)雪·wildfire野火氣象水文類動(dòng)詞（描述災(zāi)害發(fā)生與破壞）·strike襲擊·sweepacross/through席卷·cause/leadto導(dǎo)致·destroy徹底摧毀·damage損壞·submerge淹沒(méi)·cutoff切斷(Roadswerecutoff.)·trigger引發(fā)描述災(zāi)害與影響2.形容詞（描述災(zāi)害性質(zhì)與程度）·severe/serious嚴(yán)重的·destructive毀滅性的·powerful/violent強(qiáng)烈的，猛烈的·unpredictable不可預(yù)測(cè)的·frequent頻繁的·widespread大范圍的3.名詞·casualty傷亡人員（可數(shù)）·victim受害者，遇難者·survivor幸存者·deathtoll死亡人數(shù)·damage/destruction破壞/毀壞·infrastructure基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施(道路、橋梁、電力等)·shelter避難所·emergency緊急情況·shortage短缺預(yù)警與準(zhǔn)備·warning/alert預(yù)警·forecast預(yù)報(bào)·evacuate疏散·prepareanemergencykit準(zhǔn)備應(yīng)急包·makeanemergencyplan制定應(yīng)急計(jì)劃應(yīng)對(duì)與行動(dòng)詞匯2.救援與恢復(fù)·rescue救援·rescueteam/worker救援隊(duì)/人員·relief救濟(jì)·reliefsupplies/materials救援物資·donate捐贈(zèng)·volunteer志愿者·rebuild/reconstruct重建·providefirstaid提供急救·restore恢復(fù)(電力、通訊等)·heartbreaking令人心碎的·ourheartsgooutto...我們心系/牽掛...·sympathy/compassion-同情·solidarity團(tuán)結(jié)·mutualaid互助·Unityisstrength.團(tuán)結(jié)就是力量?！vercomedifficulties克服困難情感、態(tài)度與升華類詞匯·naturaldisaster-proneareas自然災(zāi)害頻發(fā)地區(qū)·takeaheavytollon...對(duì)...造成重大損失/傷亡·inthewakeofthedisaster災(zāi)難過(guò)后·betrappedundertherubble被困在瓦礫下·launcharescueoperation展開(kāi)救援行動(dòng)·extendahelpinghand伸出援手·makeacontribution做出貢獻(xiàn)·facethechallengebravely勇敢面對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)高級(jí)實(shí)用短語(yǔ)搭配高分表達(dá)精準(zhǔn)描述災(zāi)害·詞匯庫(kù)：·災(zāi)害類型：earthquake,flood,typhoon/hurricane,wildfire,drought,landslide,tsunami·描述影響：devastating,catastrophic,severe,causecasualties,destroyinfrastructure,cutoffelectricity/watersupplies,displacethousandsofpeople2.詳細(xì)列出行動(dòng)建議（重中之重）·預(yù)防階段(Prevention)：·Makeanemergencyplanandprepareasurvivalkit.·Stayinformedaboutweatheralerts.·Reinforcehousesandcleardrainsinadvance.·應(yīng)對(duì)階段(During)：·Evacuateimmediatelyifordered.·Iftrapped,senddistresssignalsandconserveenergy.·Avoidusingelectricalappliances.·災(zāi)后階段(After)：·Checkforinjuriesandprovidefirstaid.·Becautiousofsecondarydisasters.·Followofficialinstructionsforreturninghome.3.呼吁與升華·體現(xiàn)同理心：Ourheartsgoouttothevictims.·強(qiáng)調(diào)團(tuán)結(jié)：Unityisstrength.Together,wecanmakeadifference.·展望未來(lái)：Withresilienceandmutualaid,wewillovercomethechallenges.近期某地遭遇洪災(zāi)，請(qǐng)你以學(xué)生會(huì)名義寫(xiě)一份倡議書(shū)，呼吁同學(xué)們捐款捐物。Dearfellowstudents,IamwritingonbehalfoftheStudentUniontoappealforyoursupportforthevictimsoftheseverefloodsthathitLinHaiCitylastweek.Thedisasterhascausedmassivedamage,leavingthousandshomelessandinurgentneedofhelp.范文示例Thesituationremainschallenging.Manypeoplehavelosttheirhomes,andbasicsupplieslikefood,cleanwater,andmedicinearerunningshort.Localschoolsandhospitalsarealsodamaged.Tohelpourfellowcitizenspullthroughthisdifficulttime,wecallforyourkindcontributions.Youcandonatedailynecessitiessuchasclothes,blankets,andcannedfood.Monetarydonationsarealsowelcome,astheyallowforthepurchaseofexactlywhatisneededmost.Everycontribution,bigorsmall,canmakearealdifference.Let’sactnowandshowourcareandsolidarity.PleasebringyourdonationstotheStudentUnionofficebythisFriday.Thankyouforyourgenerosityan