2026屆新高考英語熱點沖刺復(fù)習(xí)非謂語動詞考點4非謂語動詞作補足語1.不定式作賓語補足語(1)帶to的不定式作賓語補足語常見的有ask,invite,want,encourage,wish,expect,beg,request,require,advise,order,force,cause,allow,permit,forbid,warn,remind,teach,callon,waitfor,wouldlike/love/prefer等表示勸請、要求的動詞(短語)。Ifweexpect

people

to

giveupthehabitofdriving,wemustgivethemanalternativetheycanrelyon.如果我們期望人們放棄開車的習(xí)慣,我們必須給他們一個可以依賴的替代品。(2)不帶to的不定式作賓語補足語常用動詞(主動語態(tài)中)有使役動詞(make,let,have)和感官動詞(see,watch,observe,hear,notice)。【點津】(1)有些動詞,如:think,consider,believe,suppose,feel,find,understand等后常用tobe作賓語補足語或主語補足語。Chinesepeopleare

considered

to

bethemosthard-workingpeopleintheworld.中國人被認(rèn)為是世界上最勤勞的人民。(2)在sbbesaid/believed/known/reported/considered/thought+todo/tohavedone結(jié)構(gòu)中,用不定式作主語補足語。Thepresidentwas

reported

to

have

visitedChina.據(jù)報道,那位總統(tǒng)已經(jīng)訪問了中國。2.現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補足語表示主動、進行。常用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補足語的有feel,find,hear,notice,observe,see,watch,get,have,keep,leave,set,listento,lookat等。IheardtheclockstrikingeightwhenIwokeupthismorning.今天早上醒來時,我聽見鐘敲了八下。AfterIarrivedinAmerica,Ifoundmyselflivinginacompletelyforeignculture.當(dāng)我到達美國后,我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己生活在一個完全陌生的文化中。3.過去分詞作賓語補足語表示被動、完成。常用過去分詞作賓語補足語的有have,make,get,find,see,notice,watch,hear,feel,want,like等。Ifoundmyselfcarriedouttoseabyastrongwind.我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己被一陣強風(fēng)刮到海上去了。4.用于with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)with+賓語+doing(表示主動且進行)/done(表示被動且完成)/todo(表示將來)。Hesatthere,with

his

eyes

looking

at

the

sky.他坐在那里,眼睛看著天空。With

his

mind

concentratedonhiswork,hedidn’tnoticemyappearance.他專心于工作,沒有注意到我的外表。With

much

work

to

dothisafternoon,Jacklefthurriedly.由于今天下午還有很多工作要做,杰克匆匆忙忙地離開了。5.常用不定式作主語補足語的句型Sb/Sthbesaid/believed/known/supposed/reported/considered/found/thought+todo/tohavedone/tobedone/tohavebeendone+其他.He

is

said

to

have

goneabroad.=Itissaidthathe

has

goneabroad.據(jù)說他出國了。Heat

is

considered

to

beaformofenergy.熱能被認(rèn)為是一種能量形式。You’re

supposed

to

paythebillbyFriday.你應(yīng)該在星期五前付賬。小題快練單句語法填空①FRBsmostlyonlyappearonce,whichmakesthemveryhard_______

(track).

②Thisunforgettablesiteconsistsof135hectaresofvineyards,withacharmingEuropean-stylecastle___________(locate)intheseeminglyendlessgreenery.

③Saihanba’ssuccesshasallowedthis“miracleonearth”___________

(copy)acrossthecountry.

totracklocatedtobecopied考點5非謂語動詞作賓語1.只能跟動名詞作賓語的動詞和短語有suggest,imagine,mind,admit,practice,allow,advise,risk,keep,keepon,avoid,escape,enjoy,consider,excuse,finish,miss,insiston,lookforwardto,feellike,getdownto,objectto等。Wedon’tallowdivinginthepool.泳池內(nèi)不準(zhǔn)跳水。2.只能跟不定式作賓語的動詞和短語有wish,hope,decide,refuse,promise,pretend,manage,plan,fail,choose,wouldlike等。Yourfatherhasatlastdecidedto

stopsmoking.你父親終于決定戒煙了。【點津】如果作賓語的不定式有賓語補足語時,常用it作形式賓語,將真正的賓語后置。Ifinditimpossibleto

changeheridea.我發(fā)現(xiàn)不可能改變她的想法。

4.“疑問詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)動詞不定式可以與疑問代詞及疑問副詞(why除外)等連用,構(gòu)成不定式短語,在句中作主語、表語、賓語、賓語補足語、同位語等。Ididn’tknowhow

to

getbacktothevillage.我不知道怎樣回到村子。Experiencetellsyouwhat

to

do;confidenceallowsyoutodoit.經(jīng)驗告訴你干什么,而信心讓你去做這件事。小題快練單句語法填空①Thiscouldpreventthefries

(get)wetandrottingawayduringthe5-8weeks’journeyacrosstheAtlanticOcean.

②Listallofthetasksthatyouneed

(accomplish).

③A10-year-oldboy,VidyunRHebbar,haswonaprestigious(有聲望的)internationalwildlifephotographycompetitionforhisshotofaspider’s__________(make)itswebinthelightofapassingtuk-tuk.

gettingtoaccomplishmaking考點6非謂語動詞作主語、表語1.非謂語動詞中能作主語的有動名詞和不定式。(1)動名詞作主語表示一般的、抽象的或習(xí)慣性的動作,不定式作主語表示具體的、一次性的或尚未做的動作。Facinguptoyourproblemsratherthanrunningawayfromthemisthebestapproachtoworkingthingsout.直面問題而不是逃避是解決它們的最佳途徑。(2)it作形式主語,代替真正作主語的動詞不定式或動名詞。常見句型有:It+be+adj.(+of/forsb)+todosth;It+be+名詞詞組+todosth;It+be+n./adj.+doingsthIt’s

a

waste

of

time

arguingaboutit.辯論這事是浪費時間。It’s

important

for

the

figures

to

be

updatedregularly.經(jīng)常性地更新數(shù)據(jù)是非常重要的。2.非謂語動詞中能作表語的有現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞、動名詞和不定式。注意:現(xiàn)在分詞作表語意為“令人感到……的”,而過去分詞作表語意為本身“感到……的”。Pleasedescribeadogthatisfrightening.請描述一只令人害怕的狗。Pleasedescribeadogthatisfrightened.請描述一只驚恐的狗。小題快練單句語法填空①Itisbelievedthat

(receive)Sanfutieduringthehottestsummerdaysiseffectiveforcoughs,asthma,andarthritis.

②Secondly,

(be)inChinaduringtheSpringFestivalis