第第頁浙江省杭州市西湖區(qū)綠城育華2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期末考英語試卷一、A???????TheStateofColoradohasfourofthebestparksoutofthe58nationalparksintheUnitedStates.Theparkshavesomeofthebestsceneryofallthenationalparks.BlackCanyon(峽谷)ofGunnisonNationalParkThisparkoffersthemostbreathtakingviewsfromupinthemountainsintothecanyonsbelow.Whileexploringthecanyons,youwillfindthatthewallsdropnearlystraightdownintothenarrowvalleysofthesnake-likeriversbelow.Visitorsareofferedmorethan100campingsites,andalotofbirdspeciesandmanyanimalsarenativetothearea.RockyMountainNationalParkItistheonlynationalparkinthenorthcentralregioninthestateofColorado.Elevationsinthisparkareanywherefrom8,000feetto14,259feetatthetopofLongsPeak.WhiletravelingthroughoutthisparkyouwillnoticetwoverydifferentclimatesbecauseofthedifferencetheupperpeaksoftheRockyMountainsmake.Youcanenjoy359milesofhikingtrails,alotofplacesforcamping,horse-backridingandbeautifulscenery.MesaVerdeNationalParkThisisprobablythemostinterestingnationalpark,offeringafascinatingtripbackintimeto600ADupto1300AD．Thisparkwasdeclaredaprotectednationalparkin1906becauseofthecliffdwellings(住所)thatwerefoundthroughoutthearea,whichwereoncehometoAmericanIndians.Manyofthesedwellingscanbewalkedthrough,whileyouimaginewhateachroommayhavebeenusedforsomanyyearsago.GreatSandDunes(沙丘)NationalParkTheGreatSandDunesNationalParkliesinsouthcentralColorado,about127milesfromPueblo.ThisparkhasthetallestsanddunesinallofNorthAmericaandhastrailsforhiking.Thenaturalsandybeachesaroundthesmallriversandlakesaregoodforswimmers.1．What'sthemostbreathtakingthingintheBlackCanyonofGunnisonNationalPark?A．Theanimals. B．Thewalls.C．Thehikingtrails. D．Thecampingsites.2．Ifyouareinterestedinhistory,youareadvisedtovisit________.A．theMesaVerdeNationalParkB．theRockyMountainNationalParkC．theGreatSandDunesNationalParkD．theBlackCanyonofGunnisonNationalPark3．What'stheauthor'spurposeinwritingthispassage?A．TellingpeoplesometravelinginformationinColorado.B．PersuadingpeopletovisitColoradowheninAmerica.C．IntroducingthebestfourparksinColoradotopeople.D．ShowingpeoplewhichparkisthebestofthefourinColorado.二、BLevonBisswaslookingatinsectsfromhisgardenthroughamicroscopeheboughtforhisson.Forfun,theyunintentionallyplacedaninsectunderthelens(鏡片)."Itisamazinglybeautiful!"theybothscreamed.Thefatherhadbeenmakingacareertakingphotographsforadvertisements.Butthatexperiencegavehimanewdirection.Aroundtheworld,insectpopulationsareindeclinebecauseofhabitatlossandclimatechange.Bissthoughtthatifpeoplecouldseewhathesawthroughhisson'smicroscope,theywouldcaremoreaboutprotectinginsects.SoBissturnedtomacrophotography:takingclose-uppicturesofsmallthings,likeflowersorbugs.Hisworkhasattractedattentionnotjustforitsunusualbeauty.Italsoraisesawarenessabouttheneedforconservation.In2016,Bissshowedhisfirstinsectproject,Microsculpture.Thetermreferstothefeaturesofaninsect'sexoskeleton,oroutershell,whichdevelopsovertimeasthebugadaptstoitsenvironment.Biss'spicturescapturetheinsectsinalltheirmicroscopicdetails.Thenheblowsuptheimagesuntiltheinsectsbecomelargerthanlife,someofthemeightfeettall.Buteachimagetakesweekstomake.Heusesadigitalcamerawithamicroscopelens.Thecameraisfixedonacomputerizedtrack,whichallowsBisstotakeashot,thenmovethecamerabysevenmicrons(微米)—adistanceequalstoabout1/10thethicknessofahumanhair—forthenextshot.Intheend,Bissmighttake10,000shotsofabug.Acomputercombinesthesesmallpicturesintoasingleimage.Biss'slatestexhibitionisExtinctandEndangeredattheAmericanMuseumofNaturalHistory.Heselectedbugsthatwereextinctorendangered,hopinghisphotographswouldserveasabetterpurpose."Icommunicatevisually,"hesays,"ThewayIworkisthroughpictures.ButIthinkit'smydutytoshakethingsupandgetpeopletopayattention."4．WhatmadeLevonBissturntomacrophotography?A．Beautifulinsects. B．Attractiveenvironment.C．Anexpensivemicroscope. D．Anaccidentalobservation.5．HowdoesLevonBissmanagetocaptureinsects'microscopicdetails?A．Bytakingashotatthemtwice.B．Byadjustingthecameraonatrack.C．Bytakingclose-uppicturescountlesstimes.D．Byputtingtheminorderonacomputer.6．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"shakethingsup"refertointhelastparagraph?A．Getridoftheprejudice.B．Takeactiontosavewildlife.C．Sparenoeffortstofacedifficulties.D．Makepeoplethinkaboutnaturedifferently.7．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesLevonBiss?A．Patientandresponsible. B．Wealthyandambitious.C．Politeandstrong-willed. D．Curiousandeasy-going.三、C???????Goodnews,coffeelovers:YourdailycupofJoemightbedoinggoodtoyourheart,namelybyhelpingtoreducetheriskofheartfailure,suggestthefindingsofanewstudy.Inananalysisofdatafromthreelargestudiesonthetopic,researchersfoundthatthosewhoreporteddrinkingoneormorecupsofcaffeinated(含咖徘因的)coffeeadayhad"arelateddecreasedlong-termheartfailurerisk".ForthereportpublishedinCirculation:HeartFailure,researchersusedmachinelearningtoexaminedatafromalargestudyfromtheFraminghamHeartStudy,referencingthisdataagainsttwootherstudies."Eachstudyincludedatleast10yearsoffollow-up,andaltogetherthestudiesprovidedinformationonmorethan21,000U.S.adultparticipants,"researcherssaid.WhenanalyzingtheFraminghamHeartStudy,researchersnotedthatwhencomparedtonon-coffeedrinkers,coffeedrinkers'riskofheartfailuredecreasedby5%to12%foreachcuptheydrankeachday.Asfordecaffeinatedcoffee,researchersnotedthatitdid,nothavethesamebenefitsascaffeinatedcoffee,withonestudysuggestingthatdecaffeinatedcoffeemayhaveanoppositeeffect.Dr.DavidKao,seniorstudyauthor,saidinastatement,"Therelationbetweencaffeineandheartfailureriskreductionwassurprising.Coffeeandcaffeineareoftenconsideredbythegeneralpopulationtobe‘bad'fortheheartbecausepeoplerelatethemtohealthproblemslikepalpitations,highbloodpressure,etc.Therelationshipbetweenincreasingcaffeineconsumptionanddecreasingheartfailureriskturnsthatthoughtonitshead.""However,thereisnotyetenoughclearevidencetoprovethatincreasingcoffeeconsumptioncandecreasetheriskofheartdiseasewiththesamestrengthandcertaintyasstoppingsmoking,losingweight,orexercising,"Kaonoted.Theresearchersalsowarnedthatthefindingsonlyfocusedonblackcoffee,thatis,plaincoffee,withoutaddedsugarandhigh-fatdairyproductssuchascream.8．What'sthefindingofthenewstudy?A．Thenumberofheartfailurecaseshasdecreasedgradually.B．Coffeecanhelplowerthepossibilityofheartfailure.C．Caffeinedoesharmtopeople'shealth.D．Coffeehelpscureheartdisease.9．Howdidresearchersachievetheirfinding?A．Bysearchingonlinefordetailedinformation.B．Byinterviewingexpertsabouttheiropinions.C．Byconductingsurveysamongyoungadults.D．Bycomparingdatafromlong-termstudies.10．Whatcandirectlyaffecttheresultofthestudy?A．Thebrandofcoffee.B．Theageofthesubjects.C．Theadditionofcaffeinetocoffee.D．Theamountofcoffeeconsumption.11．WhatisDr.Kao'sattitudetowardstheresult?A．Indifferent. B．Positive. C．Curious. D．Careful.四、D"Howmanyofusaschildrenhavestaredupatachurch-liketopofagianttreeandclimbeditinwonder,whichisarallyspecialpartofourlives?"asksBillLaurance,atropicalecologistatJamesCookUniversity."Theleavesofbigtreesinforestsarespreadingoutinalldirections.We'refacedwithorganismsthathaveevolvedforlongperiodsofecologicalstability.""There'salottodiscussontheissue,"saysDavidLindenmayer,aconservationecologistattheAustralianNationalUniversity."Climatechangewillmeanthat,insomeforests,bigtreeswon'treachthesamesizestheyusedto."Theeffectsofclimatechange,includinglongdroughts,moreinvasivespeciesandsoonincreasethesimplephysicalchallengesthatbigtreesfaceinpullingwaterfromtheirrootstotheirleavesandwithstandingwindstorms.LindenmayerandLaurancedefine"large,oldtrees"asthelargestfivepercentmaturetreeswithinaspecies.Theflexibledefinitionmeansthatinsomeforests,thelarge,oldtreesmightbeonly20meterstalland100yearsold.Theselarge,oldtreescontrolthesurroundingplantcommunities,affectwaterandnutrientdistribution,andprovidefoodandshelterforwildlife."They'rereallythebreadbasketsoftheforest,"saysLaurance."Thisisaveryenvironmentallyandecologicallyimportantgroupoforganisms,andtheyneedspecialcareandhandling."Determiningthedistributionandhabitatrequirementsforlarge,oldtreesinthelandscapeisthefirststeptowardsensuringtheirsurvival,"Wehavetoensurethatwhatwe'rethinkingislong-term,tomatchthewaythesetreeshaveexistedforhundredsoreventhousandsofyears,"saysLaurance."It'sgoingtobearealchallengetokeepsomeplaceswherethereisstillwildlifeandthebigchurch-liketreesthatweallreallycareabout."12．Howdoestheauthorleadinthetopicofthetext?A．Bydefinition. B．Bycomparison.C．Byquotingsomeone'swords. D．Bydrawingsomeconclusions.13．Whatcanwelearnaboutbigtreesfromparagraph2?A．Theyareaffectedbyvariousfactors.B．Theyhavebecomeshorterbutthicker.C．Theyeasilypullwaterfromtheirroots.D．Theygrowtallerbecauseofclimatechange.14．WhichofthefollowingdoesLaurancewanttoexpressinthelastparagraph?A．Theplantsaroundcontroltrees'survival.B．Itisnecessarytotakegoodcareofbigtrees.C．Bigtreesmainlydependonwildlifeforsurvival.D．Plantingbigtreesisthefirststepinforestprotection.15．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．ProtectForestGiants B．KeepEcologicalStabilityC．DealwithForestOrganisms D．FightAgainstClimateChange五、根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。STEM(Science,Technology,Engineering,andMathematics)educationisfuture-oriented(面向未來的).Thedemandsforjobsthatneedroutineskillshavedecreased,whilethoserequiringmoretechnical(技術(shù)的)skillshaveincreased.WeshouldencouragestudentstochooseSTEMfieldsafterschool.16．Improvetheimageofscience.Manypeopleviewscienceassomethingtoughandboring.Muchofthiscanbeblamedonthosemoviesandbooksthatdescribescientistsasnerdy(書呆子).17．Theycantellstudentshowsciencehaschangedtheworldandsayinterestingthingsaboutthesubject.Theycanencouragetheirstudentsbyshowingdifferentscientificexperiments.18．Ifastudentseesthatateacherisknowledgeableandpassionateaboutscience,thentheywilltrytofollowintheirfootsteps.So,trytoactastheirrolemodel.Makeitfun.Youshouldgetstudentsinvolvedinscienceatanearlystageandtrytomakeitfunandinteresting.Youcanusehands-onexperimentstodeveloptheirinterestinscience.Connectittoeverydaylife.Youshouldshowstudentshowscienceisusedineverydaylife.Wehavecellphones,videogames,computers,etc.becauseofscience.19．Givethemopportunities.Youcancreatecompetitionsandaskthestudentstousesciencetocomeupwithnewideas,designs,etc.20．Youcanencouragegroupcompetitionsaswell.A.Bringittolife.B.Beapositiverolemodel.C.Teacherscanplayabigroleinchangingthisview.D.Youshouldtellthemhowthesethingsaremakingourlifebetter.E.Forexample,youcanaskthemtodevelopanappforeverydayuse.F.Herearesomewaystoinspirestudentstochoosesciencefortheirfuture.G.Youshouldencouragestudentstowatchdifferentprogramsrelatedtoscience.六、閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Nathanwasaboyinmybandclassaswellasinmymathclass.Ineverreallylikedhim.Hedidn'thaveanyfriendsatallandalwayssat21．a(chǎn)tthelunchtablelisteningtomusicwithhisphone.Peoplejustwalkedpasthimwithout22．.Inclass,wheneverhewasaskedaquestion,hewouldtakealongtimetoanswerit,whichmadethewholeclassget23．.Wheneverhegotananswer24．,thewholeclasswould25．.Oneday,whenIwalkedintobandclassandwas26．toplaymyflute(長笛),Mr.Kohlerbegantheclass.Afterwehadplayed27．foralittlewhile,Mr.Kohleraskedtheclass,"Whocantellwhat28．itisjustbyhearingthepitch(音高)?"NobodyraisedtheirhandsexceptNathan.WhenIsawhim,Ilaughedandthoughthecouldn'tdoanything29．.Howcouldhepossiblyguessthenotewhenthepitchwasplayed?EvenMr.KoblerlaughedalittleandthentoldNathan"Comehere,buddy."Nathan30．a(chǎn)ndwenttothefrontoftheclass.Mr.Kohlerhadatuner(校音器).HeplayedapitchandaskedNathanto31．it.Nathansaid,"Eflat."Mr.Kohlersaid,"OK.Good."Heplayedanotherpitch."Fsharp,"Nathansaid.Thewholeclasswent32．.Mr.Kohler33．Nathanbyplayingtwopitchestogether."CandBflat,"Nathansaid."Goodjob,gobacktoyourseat."hesaid.ThenIgotsurprised.Nathanhadguessedallthepitches34．.ThatdayIrealizedIshouldn'tjudgepeople35．littlethingsIsawandthatIneededtoseethegreatthingspeoplecando.21．A．a(chǎn)lone B．lazily C．happily D．hopelessly22．A．listening B．caring C．praising D．sharing23．A．satisfied B．excited C．confused D．a(chǎn)nnoyed24．A．wrong B．long C．brief D．puzzling25．A．a(chǎn)pplaud B．laugh C．ignore D．help26．A．nervous B．a(chǎn)fraid C．ready D．free27．A．movies B．jokes C．games D．music28．A．note B．beat C．tune D．song29．A．bravely B．carefully C．properly D．independently30．A．came B．rose C．jumped D．sat31．A．repeat B．guess C．play D．sing32．A．crazy B．noisy C．silent D．blank33．A．tricked B．bothered C．encouraged D．challenged34．A．correctly B．luckily C．seriously D．confidently35．A．relatedto B．leadingto C．basedon D．decidingon七、第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。WangZhenyiisaQingDynastyastronomerandoneofthegreatestfemalescientistsinChinesehistoryandoneofthe36．(great)femalescientistsinChinesehistory.37．(bear)in1768,whentraditionalcustomsinChinapreventedgirlsfrom38．(get)aformaleducation,shewasluckytogrowin39．familyofscholarswhoencouragedherandsupportedherlearning.InancientChina,lunareclipses(月食)40．(consider)tobemysterious,beautifulandsomethingbeyondourgrasp.Wangwasfamous41．creatingamodeltoexplainlunareclipses,whichshewasespeciallyinterestedin.Sheusedalamp,amirrorandaroundtable42．(represent)theSun,theMoonandtheEarth.Bymovingthethreeobjects,shewasabletoshowthatalunareclipsehappenedwhentheMoonpassed43．(direct)behindtheEarthandmovedintoitsshadow.Herarticle"TheExplanationofaLunarEclipse"isstillconsideredhighlyaccurateforitstime.In2004,theInternationalAstronomicalUnionnamedacrateronVenusafterher,tohonorthewomanbeyondtimeandspace.Itwas44．peoplelikeWangZhenyidid45．increasedourcuriosityabouttheuniverse.八、第一節(jié)（滿分15分）46．你是高二學(xué)生李華。上周六，學(xué)校組織你們高二學(xué)生參觀了以"futureLife"為主題的科技展，請你為校英文報(bào)寫篇報(bào)道，內(nèi)容包括：1.活動(dòng)的過程；2.收獲與感想。注意：寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________47．閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。BeatruerunnerForme,itwasnormaltofeellostattheinter-camptrack.Fourcampsofkidswerereadytoleadtheirteamstoablueribbonandwintheday.Notme.Iwastoolittletobetheleaderandtooskinnytobeanathlete.IknewthisbythetimeIwastwelve,becausemycampcounselors（輔導(dǎo)員）andtheotherkidsremindedmeofiteverychancetheygot.Sowhenourcampneededafourthrunnerinthetwo-mileracearoundthelake,IknewIwasnoone'sfirstchoice.Ihidintheshadeofamapletreeastheycalledthenamesoftherunners,mybodytensedasIheardacounselorcall,"Fred!WhereisFred!Heisinthisrace!"ItwasBarry.Hespottedmeunderthetree."Fred!Weneeda12-year-oldwhohasn'tbeeninothereventstorunthetwo-mile!"Hegavemeapushtowardsthestartingline.Havingnoconfidenceandtryingtosavemyselffromtheshameoftakingthelastplaceasfourcampswatched,Ipleadedwithhim."ButIdon'tknowthewayaroundthelake!""You'rein.JustfollowBill!"Barrysmiled.Billwasmyfriendandthefastestrunnerinourcamp.AndthenBarrysaid,"Whenyoumakeittothelaststretch（最后一程）onthefield,justthrowyourheadbackandrun."Atthestartingline,IstoodnexttoBillandtrembled."Onyourmark…Getset..."Theguncrackedandsixteenofustookoff.IstayedcloseonBill'sheels,alittletoocloseforBill,Iguess.Heshoutedatme,"Backoff!"Idid.Twoguyspassedme,butIkeptmyeyesonBill.Itwastiring.ThedistancewaswideningbetweenBillandme.Wemadetheturnfromthedustyroadontothemuddy,woodedtrailthatwouldgoaroundthelakebacktothefield.Throughthetrees,IsawBilltripoveratreerootandfall.Arunnerfromanothercamppassedhim.注意：1．續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置。Inamoment,Billwasupagainandrunning.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Ididn'tknowwhenIcrossedthefinishline.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

答案解析部分【答案】1．B2．A3．C【解析】【分析】本文為應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了美國科羅拉多州四個(gè)最好的國家公園。

【點(diǎn)評】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)題和推斷題兩種?？碱}型，細(xì)節(jié)題要注意通過關(guān)鍵詞從文中尋找答案；推斷題需要對已有信息進(jìn)行加工處理，推斷出需要的信息。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)BlackCanyon(峽谷)ofGunnisonNationalPark部分中的"Thisparkoffersthemostbreathtakingviewsfromupinthemountainsintothecanyonsbelow.Whileexploringthecanyons,youwillfindthatthewallsdropnearlystraightdownintothenarrowvalleysofthesnake-likeriversbelow這個(gè)公園提供了從山上到下面峽谷的最令人驚嘆的景色。在探索峽谷的過程中，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)墻壁幾乎直直地伸向下面蜿蜒的河流所形成的狹窄山谷"可知，在Gunnison國家公園的黑峽谷中，最令人驚嘆的是那些墻壁。故選B。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MesaVerdeNationalPark部分中的"Thisisprobablythemostinterestingnationalpark,offeringafascinatingtripbackintimeto600ADupto1300AD.這可能是最有趣的國家公園，該公園可以讓你感受一次時(shí)間回到公元600年到1300年的迷人之旅"可知，如果你對歷史有興趣，建議你參觀TheMesaVerdeNationalPark。故選A。3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段"TheStateofColoradohasfourofthebestparksoutofthe58nationalparksintheUnitedStates.Theparkshavesomeofthebestsceneryofallthenationalparks在美國58個(gè)國家公園中，科羅拉多州有四個(gè)最好的公園。這些公園里有所有國家公園中最美的一些風(fēng)景"及對四個(gè)公園的具體介紹可知，作者寫這篇文章的目的是向人們介紹科羅拉多州最好的四個(gè)公園。故選C?！敬鸢浮?．D5．C6．D7．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了一名廣告攝影師為保護(hù)昆蟲而改變了自己的職業(yè)的故事。

【點(diǎn)評】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)題、推理判斷題和詞義猜測題兩種?？碱}型，細(xì)節(jié)題要注意通過關(guān)鍵詞從文中尋找答案；推斷題需要考生根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞，結(jié)合語境推斷出所需要的信息；詞義猜測題需要對已有信息進(jìn)行加工處理，利用上下文、表示轉(zhuǎn)折、并列或因果的詞、定語從句等信息推斷出詞的意思。4．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)一段中"Forfun,theyunintentionallyplacedaninsectunderthelens(鏡片).為了好玩，他們無意中在鏡頭下放了一只昆蟲"以及第二段中"Butthatexperiencegavehimanewdirection但那次經(jīng)歷給了他一個(gè)新的方向"可知，LevonBiss轉(zhuǎn)向微距攝影是因?yàn)榕既坏挠^察。故選D。5．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中"Thecameraisfixedonacomputerizedtrack,whichallowsBisstotakeashot,thenmovethecamerabysevenmicrons(微米)—adistanceequalstoabout1/10thethicknessofahumanhair—forthenextshot.Intheend,Bissmighttake10,000shotsofabug.Acomputercombinesthesesmallpicturesintoasingleimage.攝像機(jī)固定在計(jì)算機(jī)控制的軌道上，這使得Biss可以拍攝一張照片，然后將相機(jī)移動(dòng)7微米——大約相當(dāng)于人類頭發(fā)厚度的1/10——拍攝下一張照片。最后，Biss可能會(huì)拍1萬張照片。計(jì)算機(jī)把這些小圖片合成一張圖像"可知，LevonBiss是通過無數(shù)次的特寫照片捕捉到昆蟲的微觀細(xì)節(jié)的。故選C。6．詞句猜測題。劃線詞句前文"Heselectedbugsthatwereextinctorendangered,hopinghisphotographswouldserveasabetterpurpose.他選擇了已經(jīng)滅絕或?yàn)l臨滅絕的昆蟲，希望他的照片能起到更好的作用"說明他希望他的照片能夠引起人們重視對自然界的保護(hù)，從而推知?jiǎng)澗€詞句"ButIthinkit'smydutytoshakethingsupandgetpeopletopayattention.但我認(rèn)為我有責(zé)任shakethingsup，引起人們的關(guān)注"其中劃線短語意思是"讓人們對大自然重視起來"。故選D。7．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中"Intheend,Bissmighttake10,000shotsofabug.最后，Biss可能會(huì)拍1萬張照片"和最后一段中"ButIthinkit'smydutytoshakethingsupandgetpeopletopayattention.但我認(rèn)為我有責(zé)任shakethingsup，引起人們的關(guān)注"可知，他既有耐心又有責(zé)任感。故選A。【答案】8．B9．D10．C11．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。新的研究表明，每天喝一杯或幾杯含咖啡因的咖啡會(huì)降低心臟衰竭的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。

【點(diǎn)評】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)題和推斷題兩種?？碱}型，細(xì)節(jié)題要注意通過關(guān)鍵詞從文中尋找答案；推斷題需要對已有信息進(jìn)行加工處理，推斷出需要的信息。8．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段中"YourdailycupofJoemightbedoinggoodtoyourheart,namelybyhelpingtoreducetheriskofheartfailure,suggestthefindingsofanewstudy.一項(xiàng)新的研究表明，你每天喝一杯Joe咖啡可能對你的心臟有好處，即有助于降低心力衰竭的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)"可知，新的研究結(jié)果表明喝咖啡可能會(huì)降低心臟衰竭的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。故選B。9．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段中"‘Eachstudyincludedatleast10yearsoffollow-up,andaltogetherthestudiesprovidedinformationonmorethan21,000U.S.adultparticipants,'researcherssaid.研究人員說：‘每項(xiàng)研究都包括至少10年的隨訪，這些研究總共提供了21000多名美國成年參與者的信息'"可知，研究人員通過對比長期研究的數(shù)據(jù)，得出研究結(jié)果。故選D。10．推理判斷題。由第一段中"Inananalysisofdatafromthreelargestudiesonthetopic,researchersfoundthatthosewhoreporteddrinkingoneormorecupsofcaffeinated(含咖徘因的)coffeeadayhad‘a(chǎn)relateddecreasedlong-termheartfailurerisk'.在對三項(xiàng)大型研究數(shù)據(jù)的分析中，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，那些報(bào)告每天喝一杯或多杯含咖啡因咖啡的人‘長期心力衰竭風(fēng)險(xiǎn)降低'"和第三段中"Asfordecaffeinatedcoffee,researchersnotedthatitdid,nothavethesamebenefitsascaffeinatedcoffee,withonestudysuggestingthatdecaffeinatedcoffeemayhaveanoppositeeffect.至于無咖啡因咖啡，研究人員指出，它確實(shí)沒有含咖啡因咖啡那么有益，一項(xiàng)研究表明，無咖啡因咖啡可能會(huì)產(chǎn)生相反的效果"可知，喝含咖啡因的咖啡才可能會(huì)降低心臟衰竭的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，無咖啡因咖啡沒有含咖啡因咖啡那么有益，故咖啡中咖啡因的添加對實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果有直接影響。故選C。11．推理判斷題。由最后一段中"‘However,thereisnotyetenoughclearevidencetoprovethatincreasingcoffeeconsumptioncandecreasetheriskofheartdiseasewiththesamestrengthandcertaintyasstoppingsmoking,losingweight,orexercising'Kaonoted.Kao指出：‘然而，目前還沒有足夠的明確證據(jù)證明，增加咖啡消費(fèi)可以像戒煙、減肥或鍛煉一樣，降低患心臟病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)'"可知，Kao認(rèn)為沒有足夠的證據(jù)表明增加含咖啡因的咖啡的消耗量能降低心臟衰竭的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，因此他對待研究的結(jié)果是持謹(jǐn)慎的（Careful）態(tài)度。故選D?！敬鸢浮?2．C13．A14．B15．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章說明了古樹是森林的糧倉，對環(huán)境和生態(tài)都非常重要，我們要保護(hù)森林巨人。

【點(diǎn)評】考查閱讀理解。細(xì)節(jié)題、推斷題、和主旨題都是?？碱}型。細(xì)節(jié)題需要根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞從文中找出答案；推斷題需要考生根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞，結(jié)合語境推斷出所需要的信息；主旨題則需要考生掌握全文結(jié)構(gòu)和行文脈絡(luò)，重點(diǎn)關(guān)注每段的中心句或首句，利用關(guān)鍵詞獲取主旨大意。12．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段"‘Howmanyofusaschildrenhavestaredupatachurch-liketopofagianttreeandclimbeditinwonder,whichisarallyspecialpartofourlives?"asksBillLaurance,atropicalecologistatJamesCookUniversity.'‘我們當(dāng)中有多少人在孩提時(shí)代曾仰望一棵像教堂一樣的大樹頂部，滿懷好奇地爬上去，這是我們生活中特殊的一部分?'詹姆斯·庫克大學(xué)的熱帶生態(tài)學(xué)家比爾·勞倫斯問道，第二段引用DavidLindenmayer的話"Climatechangewillmeanthat,insomeforests,bigtreeswon'treachthesamesizestheyusedto.""氣候變化將意味著，在一些森林中，大樹將無法達(dá)到它們過去的大小"，可知作者導(dǎo)入主題是通過引用某人的話。故選C。13．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句"Theeffectsofclimatechange,includinglongdroughts,moreinvasivespeciesandsoonincreasethesimplephysicalchallengesthatbigtreesfaceinpullingwaterfromtheirrootstotheirleavesandwithstandingwindstorms.氣候變化的影響，包括長期干旱、更多入侵物種等，增加了大樹在將水從根部抽到葉子和抵御風(fēng)暴方面面臨的簡單物理挑戰(zhàn)"，可知從第2段我們可以了解到：大樹受到各種因素的影響。故選A。14．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第二三句"They'rereallythebreadbasketsoftheforest,"saysLaurance."Thisisaveryenvironmentallyandecologicallyimportantgroupoforganisms,andtheyneedspecialcareandhandling.他們真的是森林的糧倉，"Laurance說。"這是一組對環(huán)境和生態(tài)都非常重要的生物，它們需要特別的照顧和處理"，可知在最后一段中，Laurance想表達(dá)的是：有必要好好照顧大樹。故選B。15．主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章最后一段"Theselarge,oldtreescontrolthesurroundingplantcommunities,affectwaterandnutrientdistribution,andprovidefoodandshelterforwildlife."They'rereallythebreadbasketsoftheforest,"saysLaurance."Thisisaveryenvironmentallyandecologicallyimportantgroupoforganisms,andtheyneedspecialcareandhandling."Determiningthedistributionandhabitatrequirementsforlarge,oldtreesinthelandscapeisthefirststeptowardsensuringtheirsurvival,"Wehavetoensurethatwhatwe'rethinkingislong-term,tomatchthewaythesetreeshaveexistedforhundredsoreventhousandsofyears,"saysLaurance這些又大又老的樹木控制著周圍的植物群落，影響著水和養(yǎng)分的分布，并為野生動(dòng)物提供食物和庇護(hù)所。"它們真的是森林的糧倉，"勞倫斯說。"這是一群在環(huán)境和生態(tài)上非常重要的生物體，它們需要特殊的照顧和處理。"確定景觀中大型古樹的分布和棲息地需求是確保它們生存的第一步，"我們必須確保我們的想法是長期的，以匹配這些樹已經(jīng)存在了數(shù)百年甚至數(shù)千年的方式，"勞倫斯說"，可知文章是要告訴我們保護(hù)森林巨人。所以文章最佳標(biāo)題是A選項(xiàng)（保護(hù)森林巨人），故選A?！敬鸢浮?6．F；17．C；18．B；19．D；20．E【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。STEM(科學(xué)、技術(shù)、工程和數(shù)學(xué))教育是面向未來的。文章介紹了如何鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生放學(xué)后選擇STEM領(lǐng)域。

A.讓它活靈活現(xiàn)。

B.成為積極的榜樣。

C.教師在改變這種看法方面可以發(fā)揮重要作用。

D.你應(yīng)該告訴他們這些事情是如何讓我們的生活變得更好的。

例如，你可以讓他們開發(fā)一個(gè)日常使用的應(yīng)用程序。

F.以下是一些激勵(lì)學(xué)生為未來選擇科學(xué)的方法。

G.您應(yīng)當(dāng)鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生觀看各種與科學(xué)相關(guān)的節(jié)目。

【點(diǎn)評】七選五的答案選項(xiàng)較少，并且給出的都是句子，因此，我們可以通過句子的完整性或者句子后面的標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)來判斷該句在文章中的位置。另外，通過閱讀選項(xiàng)，有可能找出跟其他選項(xiàng)表達(dá)完全不同意思的句子，這樣的話我們就可以直接將該選項(xiàng)排除。16．根據(jù)上文"WeshouldencouragestudentstochooseSTEMfieldsafterschool.我們應(yīng)該鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生放學(xué)后選擇STEM領(lǐng)域"以及下文列舉的幾種方法可知，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)"Herearesomewaystoinspirestudentstochoosesciencefortheirfuture.這里有一些方法可以激勵(lì)學(xué)生為他們的未來選擇科學(xué)"能夠承上啟下，符合語境。故選F。17．根據(jù)小標(biāo)題"Improvetheimageofscience.提升科學(xué)形象"和上文"Muchofthiscanbeblamedonthosemoviesandbooksthatdescribescientistsasnerdy(書呆子).這在很大程度上要?dú)w咎于那些把科學(xué)家描述成書呆子的電影和書籍"以及下文"Theycantellstudentshowsciencehaschangedtheworldandsayinterestingthingsaboutthesubject.他們可以告訴學(xué)生科學(xué)如何改變了世界，并說關(guān)于這個(gè)主題的有趣的事情"可知，此處講述如何提升科學(xué)形象。由此可知，C項(xiàng)"Teacherscanplayabigroleinchangingthisview.在改變這種觀點(diǎn)方面，教師可以發(fā)揮很大的作用"能夠承上啟下，符合語境，其中的thisview指代前面的describescientistsasnerdy，Teachers與該空后的They相呼應(yīng)。故選C。18．根據(jù)下文"Ifastudentseesthatateacherisknowledgeableandpassionateaboutscience,thentheywilltrytofollowintheirfootsteps.So,trytoactastheirrolemodel.如果學(xué)生看到老師學(xué)識(shí)淵博，對科學(xué)充滿熱情，他們就會(huì)努力追隨老師的腳步。所以，試著做他們的榜樣"可知，本段主要講述了老師應(yīng)該給學(xué)生樹立榜樣。由此可知，B項(xiàng)"Beapositiverolemodel.做一個(gè)積極的榜樣"能夠概括本段的主旨，適合作本段的小標(biāo)題。故選B。19．根據(jù)小標(biāo)題"Connectittoeverydaylife.把它與日常生活聯(lián)系起來"及上文"Wehavecellphones,videogames,computers,etc.becauseofscience.因