第第頁(yè)浙江省紹興市上虞區(qū)2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期末考試英語(yǔ)試題一、AThursdaymorning,universalOrlandoResortannouncedthatitshighlyanticipatednewthemepark,EpicUniverse,consistingoffive"worlds":TheWizardingWorldofHarryPotter:MinistryofMagic;SuperNintendoWorld;HowtoTrainYourDragon:IsleofBerk;DarkUniverseandCelestialPark,willopenonMay22,2025.TicketInformationTicketsforEpicUniversewillbesoldinphases.Atfirst,onlyvacationpackagesandticketsforthreedays(orlonger)toUniversalOrlandoResort,whichincludeonedayatEpicUniverse,willbeavailablestartingonOctober22.Forexample,athree-dayticketwillrangefrom$374.88to$554.87(aftertax)perperson,dependingondates.CurrentUniversalOrlandoannualpassholderswillthengetpriorityaccessonOctober24topurchasesingle-dayticketstoEpicUniversebeforethegeneralpublic.Additionalticketoptions,includingsingle-dayticketsforthegeneralpublic,willbesoldinthemonthsleadinguptotheopeningoftheparkandyoucanvisitthelinksformoredetails.●Packagetour●SingletourParkhighlightsWalkingthroughCelestialPark,visitorswillenterEpicUniverse,whichwillhavearollercoaster,giftshops,restaurants,andentrancestotheotherfourthemedareas.TheWizardingWorldofHarryPotter:MinistryofMagicwillrecreatetheatmosphereof1920sParisandtheBritishMinistryofMagic.Betteryet,anewattractioncalled,"BattleattheMinistry,"willallowgueststojoinHarry,Ron,andHermioneinanexcitingadventuretoescapeattacksfromdarkwizards.1．WhencantheearliestticketstoEpicUniversebeavailable?A．OnMay22,2025. B．OnOct.22,2024.C．OnOct.24,2025. D．OnMay21,2025.2．WhatcanvisitorsdoinEpicUniverse?A．Huntfortreasures. B．ActasHarry.C．Makesouvenirspersonally. D．Takeexcitingrides.3．Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A．Amagazine. B．Anewspaper. C．Asite. D．Abrochure.二、BTakanoriKobayashi,a23-year-oldfromJapan,hashadastrongconnectionwithPekingOperasincehischildhood.HisfascinationwithChinesehistorybeganinhisearlychildhood,influencedbyJapanesemanga(漫畫),especiallyworkslikeRomanceoftheThreeKingdoms.ThesestoriesmadehimcuriousaboutChinesecultureandledhimtosearchforrelatedvideosonline.At14,KobayashicameacrossavideoofahistoricalPekingOpera,TheBattleofRedCliffs.Althoughhedidn'tunderstandthelanguage,hewascaptivatedbythecostumes,makeup,andmusic.At17,hefoundawebsitefortheShincyoTheater,aPekingOperatroupe(巡演)inTokyofoundedbyZhangChunxiang,aBeijing-bornartist,whohadmovedtoJapaninthe1980sandfoundedtheShincyoTheatertopromotePekingOperainJapan.Kobayashiemailedthetheater,sharingwithZhanghispassionforPekingOpera,andhisdesiretojointhetroupe.Zhangwasimpressedbyhispassion.At18,KobayashimovedtoTokyotoattendChuoUniversity,majoringinChineselanguageandculture,whileattendingZhang'sPekingOperaclasseseverySaturday.ZhangteacheshisstudentsbyexplainingthemovementsofPekingOperainsimpleJapanese.Kobayashi,whoenjoysplayingcivilroles,listenstofamousperformancestolearnthemusicandgetasenseoftheroles.HeworkswithZhangtoimprovehisperformance.Yearsofhardworkpaidoff.In2020,Kobayashifinallygotthechanceanddebutedinasmallpainted-faceroleinWildBoarForest,oneofShincyoTheater'sproductions,whichgotwell-received.Aftergraduation,Kobayashiworkedforacompanyincosmetics,buthestillstudiesPekingOperainhisfreetimeandoccasionallyperformswithShincyoTheater."BecomingaprofessionalPekingOperaperformerinJapanisdifficultandmightnotbepracticalasalong-termcareer.InChina,performersusuallystarttrainingatfourorfive,whereasIbegancloseto20.Evenso,I'dstillliketopursueitprofessionallyandgiveitmybestshot,"saidKobayashi.4．WhatsparkedKobayashi'sinitialinterestinChinesehistoryandculture?A．SchoollessonsrelatedtoChina.B．AvisittotheShincyoTheater.C．ChinesetalestoldinJapanesecomic.D．AvideoofahistoricalPekingOpera.5．WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeKobayashi?A．Optimisticandconsiderate. B．Persistentanddiligent.C．Energeticanddetermined. D．Creativeandpassionate.6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"debuted"inparagraph4probablymean?A．Playedaleadingrole. B．Paintedafacialmakeup.C．Performedforthefirsttime. D．Conqueredthestagefright.7．Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A．Hehastoquitowingtostartinglate.B．Hewillkeepinformedandpractiseoccasionally.C．Heiswillingtogiveitashotdespitethedifficulties.D．HetriestobeaprofessionalPekingOperaperformer.三、CThesquirtingcucumber(噴瓜)canbefoundinmultipleregionsincludingtheMediterranean,Europe,Asia,andNorthAmerica.Itsreproductivemethodhaslongfascinatedscientists.Whenasquirtingcucumberisreadytospreaditsseeds,it'slikealittleexplosion.Thewholeprocessissuperfast,lastingonlyabout0.03seconds.Thegreenfruit,whichisabout1.6incheslongwhenripe,shootsoutamixtureofseedsandstickyliquid.Itdoesthisataspeedofaround45milesperhour,andtheseedscangoasfaras33feetaway.Alongtimeago,intheRomanEmpire,anaturalistnamedPlinytheElderfirstwroteaboutthesesquirtingcucumbers.Hewarnedthattheseedsshootingoutcouldbedangerousfortheeyes.Inthe19thcentury,studiesstartedtoexploreitshigh-pressureseedspray,yetmanydetailsremainedunclear.Now,Scientistsusedspecialcameraslikehigh-speedvideoandtime-lapsephotography.TheyalsodidCTscansandmade3Dmodelsforin-depthstudy.Whattheyfoundisthatbeforetheseedsshootout,alotishappeninginsidethecucumber.Asitfillsupwithfluid,someofthatfluidgoesintothestem.Thismakesthestemthickerandstiffer,andthefruitchangesfromhangingstraightdowntoanangleofabout45degrees.Shootingseedsfromthisanglehelpsthemgofarther.Also,whenthestemdetaches(分離)fromthefruit,itgivesthefruitaspin,whichspreadstheseedsoutinawiderarc,increasingthechanceofnewplantgrowth."Scientistsoftenlooktomodelorganisms(生物)—certainspeciesthatarewell-studied.Butthere'salsomuchtobelearnedbystudyingoutliersthatreceivelessattention,suchasthesquirtingcucumber",Hay,aGermanscientist,said."Manyinterestingtraitsarenotfoundinmodelorganisms,"shenoted."Thisnewstudyshowshowwecanlearnfromdiversity."8．Whatdoyouknowaboutthequirtingcucumber?A．Itsseedscan'ttravelfartherthan32feet.B．It'sdangeroustolookatitsseedsshooting.C．Scientistsfullystudieditbeforethe19thcentury.D．ItcanonlybefoundintheNorthernHemisphere.9．Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A．Whentheseedsdetachfromtheplant.B．Howtheangleaffectsitsseedshooting.C．Whatscientificmethodswereusedtostudyit.D．Howthesquirtingcucumberpreparesforseedshooting.10．WhydoesHaymention"modelorganisms"inthelastparagraph?A．Tohighlightthesignificanceofstudyingoutliers.B．Tosupportthedueattentiongiventomodelorganisms.C．Toadvocateatotalshiftinresearchfocustostudyoutliers.D．Tosuggestmakingthesquirtingcucumberamodelorganism.11．What'sthebesttitleofthepassage?A．HiddenRisksofCucumbers. B．ASeed-SpittingWonder.C．High-TechinNatureStudies. D．DiversityinSeedSpreading.四、DInteractingwithAIchatbotslikeChatGPTcanbefunandsometimesuseful,butthenextlevelofeverydayAIgoesbeyondansweringquestions:AIagentscarryouttasksforyou.ButwhatexactlyisanAIagent?Asacomputerscientist,Iofferthisdefinition:AIagentsaretechnologicaltoolsthatcanlearnalotaboutagivenenvironment,andthen—withafewsimplepromptsfromahuman—worktosolveproblemsorperformspecifictasksinthatenvironment.SimpleAIagentscanbetaughttoreplytostandardquestionssentoveremail.Moreadvancedonescanbookairlineandhotelticketsfortranscontinentalbusinesstrips.TakeGoogle'sProjectMarinerasatypicalexample.Recently,Googledemonstratedittoreporters.It'sabrowserextensionforChromethatcanreasonaboutthetextandimagesonyourscreen.Inthedemonstration,theagenthelpedplanamealbyaddingitemstoashoppingcartonagrocerychain'swebsite,evenfindingsubstituteswhencertainingredientswerenotavailable.Apersonstillneedstobeinvolvedtofinalizethepurchase,buttheagentcanbeinstructedtotakeallofthenecessarystepsuptothatpoint.Actually,manyoftoday'sAIagentstendtobeutility(實(shí)用)based,meaningtheygivemoreconsiderationtohowtoachievetheirgoalsbythemselves.Theyweightherisksandbenefitsofeachpossibleapproachbeforedecidinghowtoproceed.Theyarealsocapableofconsideringgoalsthatconflictwitheachotheranddecidingwhichoneismoreimportanttoachieve.Theygobeyondgoal-basedagentsbyprioritizingtheirusers'uniquepreferences.However,abreach(違反)ofanAIagent'ssystemcouldcauseprivateinformationaboutyourlifeandfinancestofallintothewronghands.AreyouOKtakingtheserisksifitmeansthatagentscansaveyousomework?WhathappenswhenAIagentsmakeapoorchoice,orachoicethatitsuserwoulddisagreewith?Currently,developersofAIagentsarekeepinghumansintheloop,makingsurepeoplehaveanopportunitytocheckanagent'sworkbeforeanyfinaldecisionsaremade.12．WhatisanAIagentaccordingtothepassage?A．Achatbotrespondingtodiversequestions.B．AtechnologyenablingAIchatbotstoperformcomplextasks.C．Adevicesolvingproblemsbyreplyingtostandardquestions.D．Atoollearningenvironmentsandcarryingouttaskswithhumanguidance.13．What'sspecialaboutGoogle'sProjectMarinerfromparagraph3?A．Itcananswerstandardquestionsoveremail.B．Itcananalyseandjudgebrowsercontent.C．Itcanbookairlineandhotelticketsonitsown.D．Itcanfinalizeapurchaseonagrocerychain'swebsite.14．Howdoutility-basedAIagentsdifferfromgoal-basedagents?A．Theyputwhattheuserspreferfirst.B．Theypaylittleattentiontohowtoachievethegoals.C．Theycanintegrategoalsthatconflictwitheachother.D．Theyweighbenefitsoverriskswhenmakingdecisions.15．WhatisthepurposeofkeepinghumansintheloopwhenusingAIagents?A．LetusersmonitorAIdecisions.B．ReduceAIsystem-hackingrisks.C．StopAIagentsaccessingsensitivedata.D．TeachAIagentstomakeaccuratechoices.五、根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。WhyPeopleMayStareatYouYoumayhaveexperiencedthesituationwheresomeonestaringatyou,suchaswhenyou'requietlyseatedonabus,onlytofindthatthepersonacrossfromyouislookingatyourfeet.Didyouputontwodifferentshoes?No,youcheckyourshoes—botharethesame.16．AnewstudybyHannahScottandcolleaguesfromtheUniversityofLondonsuggestedthatpeoplestarebecausefaces,especiallytheeyes,providemanyusefulnon-verbalcluesaboutaperson'smentalstate.17．Observingwhatotherslookatoffersaglimpseintotheirthoughts.18．Thestudyalsofoundthatpeoplemayfocusonothers'lipsduringtalks.Ifyoufeelsomeone'sgazeonyourmouthwhilespeaking,it'slikelynotanindicationofromanticinterest,butratherthattheymightnothearyouwell.Similarly,peoplemaylookatyourhandswhenyougesture.Astheymaybetryingtounderstandyouractionswhenyouaretalkingorperformingatask.Thestudyshowedthatpeopletendtodirecttheirgazeatthepartofthebodythatprovidesthemostinformation.19．Theygettheaudiencetofocusontheirfaceswhileperforminghandtricks.Thistechniquehelpsswitchattentionfromtheirhandsduringcardtricksorcoinmagic.Scott'sstudyconcludedthatpeoplearenotnaturallybiasedtofocusonsomeone'sface.Instead,theyaredrawntothebodypartsthatprovidethemostrelevantinformation.20．Butwhensomeoneisperformingamanualtask,it'sthehandsthatdrawthegaze.Thisalsoexplainswhymagiciansoftentalktoengagetheiraudience'sattentionontheirfaceswhileperformingtrickswiththeirhands.A.So,whatcausessuchstares?B.Butit'snotjusteyesthatdrawstares.C.Theeyes,containsociallyrelevantinformation.D.Thisexplainshowmagiciansapplymisdirection.E.Ifsomeoneisspeaking,theeyesattractattention.F.Sometimes,suchintensestarescanmakeusfeeluneasy.G.Thewaypeopletalkcanalsoattractstaresduringconversations.六、閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。???????MarcoPolo,themanwhobroughtChinatoEurope,camefromafamilyofmerchants.Whenhewasasmallchild,hisfatherNiccolòanduncleMaffeoalreadyhadsome21．travelexperiences.TheyleftVenicein1261toexploretheEast,wheretheymetKublaiKhan(忽必烈).Theirmeetingwasoneofthegreatest22．betweentheEastandWestinhistory.TherelationshiptheybuiltwiththeMongolsmadethem23．,throughwhomknowledgeofEuropeandChinastartedtotravelinbothdirections.AfterreturningtoVenice,thebrothersplannedanotherjourneytoChina.Thistime,theybroughtMarco.In1271,they24．.AfterthreeandahalfyearsoftravelingthroughCentralAsia,thePoloseventuallyreachedtheir25．.Marco,thenaged21,becameoneofthefewtobereceivedbyKublaiKhan.Duringtheir17yearsofstayinChina,Marcowassentonmanyjourneysaroundthecountryandits26．lands.In1295after27．numeroushardships,theyreturnedhome.Marco's28．ofhisjourney,calledTheTravelsofMarcoPolo,becameabest-sellerduetoitsnew29．intoadistantpartoftheworld.TheinformationMarco30．offeredreadersfantasticdetailsaboutthe31．places.Thebookalso32．practicalinformationwhich33．tomerchantswhowereinterestedininternationaltrade.TheimprovementofmapsofEastAsiamotivatednavigationfromwesttoeastand34．traderelations.Henceforth,cooperationandtradebetweentheEastandWestbeganto35．.21．A．conventional B．romantic C．frustrating D．remarkable22．A．modes B．experiments C．a(chǎn)ppointments D．encounters23．A．leaders B．pioneers C．a(chǎn)dvisors D．experts24．A．setup B．camedown C．setsail D．cameabout25．A．boundary B．destination C．homeland D．territory26．A．surrounding B．religious C．a(chǎn)gricultural D．overseas27．A．a(chǎn)ssessing B．overcoming C．resisting D．witnessing28．A．a(chǎn)ssumption B．expectation C．a(chǎn)ccount D．outlook29．A．passion B．insight C．intention D．conclusion30．A．predicted B．generated C．inferred D．revealed31．A．domestic B．remote C．urban D．deserted32．A．presented B．represented C．transformed D．evaluated33．A．a(chǎn)ppealed B．related C．contributed D．a(chǎn)pplied34．A．defended B．indicated C．strengthened D．prohibited35．A．integrate B．boom C．exist D．fade七、第二節(jié)（10個(gè)小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Recently,AdamClancy,achemistatUniversityCollegeLondonhaspublishedtherecipeforasortofpasta(意大利面)—"nanotini",36．isonly372nanometerswideandisonlycomprised37．twoingredients:flourandformicacid(甲酸).Clancysaysitis38．skinniestpastayetmade,buthedoesn'tintendtocreatespecialsforItalianrestaurants.Instead,histeamareconductingresearchonstarch(淀粉)nanofiberstomakebetterbandages.Idealwounddressingsaren'tsimple39．(barrier).Theyshouldalsospeedrecovery.Starchnanofibersfromplantshavesuchadvantages.Starchnanofiberscanhelpthewoundheal40．(incredible)fasterthancommonones.Becausestarchcanpromotethecellsaroundinjuriestogrow.Also,starchhasanothernaturalstrength.41．(extract)fromgreenplants,itisoneofthemostcommonorganicsubstancesontheplanet.Previously,nanofibers42．(produce)frompurifiedstarchfromcornandrice.Thisisthefirsttime43．(employ)whiteflour.Tomakeit,Clancy'steamfirstputtheflourinacid.Itbrokeupthestarchbitssotheycouldturnintothinstrings.Nextwasadelicate,hours-longsequenceof44．(heat)andcooling.45．followedwasacomplexprocessusingelectriccharge.Finally,astheaciddriedquicklyintheair,thestarchchainsformedsolidandtheworld'ssmallestpastawasborn.八、第一節(jié)應(yīng)用文寫作（滿分15分）46．假如你是李華，本學(xué)期你校英文報(bào)新增了"GreatMinds"欄目，介紹西方優(yōu)秀科學(xué)家。請(qǐng)你給欄目編輯寫一封郵件，內(nèi)容包括：(1)表達(dá)看法;(2)你的建議。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右;2.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。DearSirorMadam,_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua九、第二節(jié)：讀后續(xù)寫（滿分25分）47．閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Inthatpeacefulseasidetown,thesunlightwassprinkledonthescatteredandorderlyhouses,andtheseabreezegentlyblewthepalmtreesonthestreet.Tom,a17-year-oldboy,livedinthisplaceoftheoceanatmosphere.Sincehewasachild,hehadbeenfascinatedbytheboundlesssea.Tom'sfatherwasadeterminedfishermanwhohadbeenwiththeseaallyearround.Everytimehisfatherreturnedfromaseavoyage,hewouldtellhimtheadventuresatsea.Thesestorieswerelikemagicseeds,plantingadeeplovefortheseainTom'sheart.Thesmallsailboatnamed"Seagull"inTom'sfamilycarriedcountlesschildhoodmemoriesofhis.Everyscratchontheweatheredboatrecordedtheadventuretimetheyspenttogether.Onemorning,asthesunwasjustpeekingoverthehorizon,Tomreceivedaninvitation.Itwasfromthelocalsailingclub,invitinghimtoparticipateinachallenginglong-distancesailingracethatwouldtakeplaceintwoweeks.Theracepromisednotonlyahandsometrophy(獎(jiǎng)杯)butalsoascholarshiptoatopmaritime(海事的)academy,whichcouldhelphimachievehisdreamofbecomingaprofessionalsailor.Atfirst,Tomwasoverjoyed.HiseyessparkledwithexcitementasheimaginedhimselfdrivinghisSeagullthroughthewaveswithgraceandfinallyacrossthefinishline.However,asthedayprogressed,doubtsbegantocreepintohismind.Herememberedthelasttimewhenheparticipatedinasimilarrace,strongwindhowledandtheSeagullshookviolentlyinthewaves.Althoughhemanagedtocompletetherace,thefearofthatfrighteningmomentstilllingered.Thatnight,Tomlayinbed,listeningtothegentlelappingofthewavesagainsttheshore.Hetossedandturned,withthevisionofvictoryandthefearofthestormflashinginhismind.Ononehand,heimaginedhimselfstandingonthepodium(領(lǐng)獎(jiǎng)臺(tái)),acceptingthecheersfromthecrowd.Ontheotherhand,thememoryofthestormandthefearoffacinganotherdangeroussituationmadehishearttightensuddenly.注意：1.所續(xù)寫短文的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Paragraph1:Thenextday,TomwentdowntotheharborwheretheSeagullwasdocked._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2:Finally,thedayoftheracearrived._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

答案解析部分【答案】1．B2．D3．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了奧蘭多環(huán)球影城度假村的一些娛樂(lè)活動(dòng)情況。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)題和推斷題兩種?？碱}型，細(xì)節(jié)題要注意通過(guò)關(guān)鍵詞從文中尋找答案；推斷題需要對(duì)已有信息進(jìn)行加工處理，推斷出需要的信息。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段"Atfirst,onlyvacationpackagesandticketsforthreedays(orlonger)toUniversalOrlandoResort,whichincludeonedayatEpicUniverse,willbeavailablestartingonOctober22.首先，從10月22日開(kāi)始，只提供奧蘭多環(huán)球影城三天（或更長(zhǎng)時(shí)間）的度假套餐和門票，其中包括在史詩(shī)宇宙的一天"可知，最早2024年10月22日能買到史詩(shī)宇宙的票。故選B。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段"WalkingthroughCelestialPark,visitorswillenterEpicUniverse,whichwillhavearollercoaster,giftshops,restaurants,andentrancestotheotherfourthemedareas.穿過(guò)天體公園，游客將進(jìn)入史詩(shī)宇宙，里面有過(guò)山車、禮品店、餐館和其他四個(gè)主題區(qū)域的入口"可知，游客在EpicUniverse中可以參加刺激的游樂(lè)設(shè)施。故選D。3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段"Additionalticketoptions,includingsingle-dayticketsforthegeneralpublic,willbesoldinthemonthsleadinguptotheopeningoftheparkandyoucanvisitthelinksformoredetails.額外的門票選擇，包括普通公眾的單日門票，將在公園開(kāi)放前的幾個(gè)月出售，你可以訪問(wèn)鏈接了解更多細(xì)節(jié)"可知，文章選自網(wǎng)站。故選C?！敬鸢浮?．C5．B6．C7．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述日本青年小林崇德TakanoriKobayashi崇德熱愛(ài)京劇，克服困難堅(jiān)持學(xué)習(xí)并追求專業(yè)表演的故事。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。細(xì)節(jié)題、推斷題、和詞義猜測(cè)題都是?？碱}型。細(xì)節(jié)題需要根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞從文中找出答案；推斷題需要考生根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞，結(jié)合語(yǔ)境推斷出所需要的信息；詞義猜測(cè)題需要對(duì)已有信息進(jìn)行加工處理，利用上下文、表示轉(zhuǎn)折、并列或因果的詞、定語(yǔ)從句等信息推斷出詞的意思。4．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段"HisfascinationwithChinesehistorybeganinhisearlychildhood,influencedbyJapanesemanga(漫畫),especiallyworkslikeRomanceoftheThreeKingdoms.他對(duì)中國(guó)歷史的迷戀始于童年，受到日本漫畫的影響，尤其是《三國(guó)演義》等作品"可知，用日本漫畫講述的中國(guó)故事激發(fā)了小林最初對(duì)中國(guó)歷史和文化的興趣。故選C。5．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段"At18,KobayashimovedtoTokyotoattendChuoUniversity,majoringinChineselanguageandculture,whileattendingZhang'sPekingOperaclasseseverySaturday.18歲時(shí)，小林搬到東京中央大學(xué)就讀，主修中國(guó)語(yǔ)言和文化，同時(shí)每周六參加張的京劇課"和第四段中"Yearsofhardworkpaidoff.多年的辛勤工作得到了回報(bào)"可知，小林自18歲時(shí)開(kāi)始主修中國(guó)語(yǔ)言和文化，并每周六參加張的京劇課，并堅(jiān)持了很多年，這體現(xiàn)了他堅(jiān)持不懈，勤奮的性格特指。故選B。6．詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第四段"Kobayashifinallygotthechance(小林終于得到了機(jī)會(huì))"及"inasmallpainted-faceroleinWildBoarForest,oneofShincyoTheater'sproductions,whichgotwell-received.在新橋劇團(tuán)的作品《野豬森林》中扮演了一個(gè)畫著臉的小角色，受到了好評(píng)"可知，小林終于得到機(jī)會(huì)，扮演了其中一個(gè)角色，由此推斷，劃線單詞的含義是"第一次演出，首演"。故選C。7．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段"InChina,performersusuallystarttrainingatfourorfive,whereasIbegancloseto20.Evenso,I'dstillliketopursueitprofessionallyandgiveitmybestshot,"saidKobayashi.在中國(guó)，演員通常在四五歲開(kāi)始訓(xùn)練，而我是在20歲左右開(kāi)始訓(xùn)練的。即便如此，我仍然想以職業(yè)的方式追求它，盡我最大的努力"可知，雖然小林開(kāi)始學(xué)京劇的時(shí)間較晚，但盡管困難重重，他仍然愿意再次嘗試。故選C?！敬鸢浮?．B9．D10．A11．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了噴瓜這一種植物的習(xí)性以及與噴瓜有關(guān)的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。細(xì)節(jié)題、推斷題、和主旨題都是?？碱}型。細(xì)節(jié)題需要根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞從文中找出答案；推斷題需要考生根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞，結(jié)合語(yǔ)境推斷出所需要的信息；主旨題則需要考生掌握全文結(jié)構(gòu)和行文脈絡(luò)，重點(diǎn)關(guān)注每段的中心句或首句，利用關(guān)鍵詞獲取主旨大意。8．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段"Hewarnedthattheseedsshootingoutcouldbedangerousfortheeyes.他警告說(shuō)，噴出來(lái)的種子可能對(duì)眼睛有害"可知，看噴瓜的種子噴射很危險(xiǎn)。故選B。9．段落大意題。根據(jù)第四段"Whattheyfoundisthatbeforetheseedsshootout,alotishappeninginsidethecucumber.Asitfillsupwithfluid,someofthatfluidgoesintothestem.Thismakesthestemthickerandstiffer,andthefruitchangesfromhangingstraightdowntoanangleofabout45degrees.Shootingseedsfromthisanglehelpsthemgofarther.Also,whenthestemdetaches(分離)fromthefruit,itgivesthefruitaspin,whichspreadstheseedsoutinawiderarc,increasingthechanceofnewplantgrowth.他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，在種子發(fā)芽之前，噴瓜內(nèi)部發(fā)生了很多事情。當(dāng)它充滿液體時(shí)，一些液體進(jìn)入莖干。這使得莖更粗、更硬，果實(shí)從筆直垂下變成了45度角左右。從這個(gè)角度播種可以幫助它們飛得更遠(yuǎn)。此外，當(dāng)莖與果實(shí)分離時(shí)，它會(huì)使果實(shí)旋轉(zhuǎn)，使種子以更寬的弧線傳播，增加新植物生長(zhǎng)的機(jī)會(huì)"可知，第四段的主要內(nèi)容是噴瓜是如何為種子噴射做準(zhǔn)備的。故選D。10．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段"Butthere'salsomuchtobelearnedbystudyingoutliersthatreceivelessattention,suchasthesquirtingcucumber",Hay,aGermanscientist,said."Manyinterestingtraitsarenotfoundinmodelorganisms,"shenoted."Thisnewstudyshowshowwecanlearnfromdiversity."但是，通過(guò)研究那些不太受關(guān)注的異常值，比如噴黃瓜，我們也能學(xué)到很多東西。德國(guó)科學(xué)家海伊說(shuō)。‘在模式生物中沒(méi)有發(fā)現(xiàn)許多有趣的特征，'她指出?！@項(xiàng)新研究表明，我們可以從多樣性中學(xué)習(xí)'"可知，在最后一段提到"模式生物"是為了強(qiáng)調(diào)研究異常值的重要性。故選A。11．最佳標(biāo)題題。根據(jù)第一段"Thesquirtingcucumber(噴瓜)canbefoundinmultipleregionsincludingtheMediterranean,Europe,Asia,andNorthAmerica.Itsreproductivemethodhaslongfascinatedscientists.噴瓜分布在地中海、歐洲、亞洲和北美等多個(gè)地區(qū)。它的繁殖方式一直吸引著科學(xué)家"結(jié)合文章主要介紹了噴瓜這一種植物的習(xí)性以及與噴瓜有關(guān)的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)?？芍?，B選項(xiàng)"一個(gè)噴種子的奇跡"最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選B。【答案】12．D13．B14．A15．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要解釋了什么是人工智能代理，人工智能代理的功能以及人工智能代理存在的問(wèn)題等情況。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)題這種?？碱}型，細(xì)節(jié)題要注意通過(guò)關(guān)鍵詞從文中尋找答案。12．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段"ButwhatexactlyisanAIagent?Asacomputerscientist,Iofferthisdefinition:AIagentsaretechnologicaltoolsthatcanlearnalotaboutagivenenvironment,andthen—withafewsimplepromptsfromahuman—worktosolveproblemsorperformspecifictasksinthatenvironment但究竟什么是人工智能代理？作為一名計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)家，我給出了這樣的定義：人工智能代理是一種技術(shù)工具，它可以從給定的環(huán)境中學(xué)習(xí)很多東西，然后——在人類的一些簡(jiǎn)單提示下——在該環(huán)境中解決問(wèn)題或執(zhí)行特定任務(wù)"可知，人工智能代理是指在人類指導(dǎo)下學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境和執(zhí)行任務(wù)的工具。故選D。13．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段"TakeGoogle'sProjectMarinerasatypicalexample.Recently,Googledemonstratedittoreporters.It'sabrowserextensionforChromethatcanreasonaboutthetextandimagesonyourscreen.Inthedemonstration,theagenthelpedplanamealbyaddingitemstoashoppingcartonagrocerychain'swebsite,evenfindingsubstituteswhencertainingredientswerenotavailable.以谷歌的ProjectMariner為例。最近，谷歌向記者展示了它。這是一個(gè)Chrome瀏覽器擴(kuò)展程序，可以推理屏幕上的文本和圖像。在演示中，該代理通過(guò)在雜貨連鎖店網(wǎng)站上的購(gòu)物車中添加商品來(lái)幫助計(jì)劃一頓飯，甚至在某些食材不可用的情況下尋找替代品"可知，谷歌的ProjectMariner可以分析和判斷瀏覽器頁(yè)面的內(nèi)容。故選B。14．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段"Theygobeyondgoal-basedagentsbyprioritizingtheirusers'uniquepreferences它們通過(guò)優(yōu)先考慮用戶的獨(dú)特偏好，超越了基于目標(biāo)的代理"可知，與基于目標(biāo)的代理相比，基于效用的人工智能代理把用戶的喜好放在首位。故選A。15．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段"Currently,developersofAIagentsarekeepinghumansintheloop,makingsurepeoplehaveanopportunitytocheckanagent'sworkbeforeanyfinaldecisionsaremade.目前，人工智能代理的開(kāi)發(fā)人員正在讓人類參與其中，確保人們?cè)谧龀鋈魏巫罱K決定之前有機(jī)會(huì)檢查代理的工作"可知，當(dāng)使用人工智能代理時(shí)，讓人類參與其中的目的是讓用戶監(jiān)控AI決策。故選A。【答案】16．A；17．C；18．B；19．D；20．E【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了人們喜歡凝視他人的原因。A.那么，為什么會(huì)引發(fā)這樣的注目呢？

B.但引起人們注目的可不僅僅是眼睛。

C.眼睛所包含的信息具有社會(huì)意義。

D.這就解釋了魔術(shù)師是如何運(yùn)用誤導(dǎo)手法的。

E.如果有人在說(shuō)話，那么他的眼神會(huì)吸引別人的注意力。

F.有時(shí)，這種強(qiáng)烈的注視會(huì)讓我們感到不安。

G.人們的交談方式在對(duì)話過(guò)程中也會(huì)引起他人的注意。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】七選五的答案選項(xiàng)較少，并且給出的都是句子，因此，我們可以通過(guò)句子的完整性或者句子后面的標(biāo)點(diǎn)符合來(lái)判斷該句在文章中的位置。另外，通過(guò)閱讀選項(xiàng)，有可能找出其他選項(xiàng)表達(dá)完全同意思的句子，這樣的話就可以直接將該選項(xiàng)排除。16．根據(jù)上文"Youmayhaveexperiencedthesituationwheresomeonestaringatyou,suchaswhenyou'requietlyseatedonabus,onlytofindthatthepersonacrossfromyouislookingatyourfeet.Didyouputontwodifferentshoes?No,youcheckyourshoes—botharethesame.(你可能經(jīng)歷過(guò)有人盯著你看的情況，比如當(dāng)你安靜地坐在公共汽車上時(shí)，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)對(duì)面的人在看你的腳。你穿了兩只不同的鞋嗎？不，你檢查你的鞋子——兩者是一樣的)"結(jié)合下文解釋凝視的原因可知，本句為過(guò)渡句，引出后文人們喜歡凝視的原因。故A選項(xiàng)"那么，是什么導(dǎo)致了這樣的凝視呢？"符合語(yǔ)境，故選A。17．根據(jù)上文"AnewstudybyHannahScottandcolleaguesfromtheUniversityofLondonsuggestedthatpeoplestarebecausefaces,especiallytheeyes,providemanyusefulnon-verbalcluesaboutaperson'smentalstate.倫敦大學(xué)的漢娜·斯科特及其同事的一項(xiàng)新研究表明，人們之所以盯著別人看，是因?yàn)槟槪绕涫茄劬?，提供了許多關(guān)于一個(gè)人精神狀態(tài)的有用的非語(yǔ)言線索"可知，上文提到人臉提供了一