圖解語法考點(diǎn)

1

人稱代詞、物主代詞和反身代詞類別人稱代詞物主代詞反身代詞主格賓格形容詞性名詞性第一人稱單數(shù)Imemyminemyself復(fù)數(shù)weusouroursourselves第二人稱單數(shù)youyouyouryoursyourself復(fù)數(shù)youyouyouryoursyourselves類別人稱代詞物主代詞反身代詞主格賓格形容詞性名詞性第三人稱單數(shù)hehimhishishimselfsheherherhersherselfitititsitsitself復(fù)數(shù)theythemtheirtheirsthemselves續(xù)表1.Iamastudent.

nameisLily.Ioftenteach

English.2.Tomistooyoung.Pleaselookafter

.3.Heisfourteen.

nameisTom.Thisbookis

.Hecanlookafter

4.We’llgofishinglater.Wouldyouliketocomewith

?5.Lookingattheboys.

areplayinggames.

namesareMikeandBill.Theyenjoy

.MymyselfhimHisTheyhimselfushisTheirthemselves考點(diǎn)

2

不定代詞?？嫉囊谆煜牟欢ù~辨析：（1）something/anything/nothing/everything①something意為"某事；某物"，通常用在肯定句中；還可以用在表示邀請、請求或希望得到肯定回答的疑問句中。②anything意為"某事；某物"時(shí)，通常用在否定句或疑問句中；anything還可以用在肯定句中，此時(shí)表示"任何事情；任何東西"。③nothing意為"沒有任何東西；沒有任何事"，相當(dāng)于not

anything。④everything意為"所有東西；每件事"。歸納拓展-onesomeoneanyoneeveryoneno

one-bodysomebodyanybodyeverybodynobody-thingsomethinganythingeverythingnothing初中階段常見的復(fù)合不定代詞：易錯(cuò)提醒（1）復(fù)合不定代詞只能作主語、賓語和表語，不能作定語。作主語時(shí)，謂語動詞一般用單數(shù)。如：Everyone

plays

a

role

in

making

Earth

greener.

Someone

is

knocking

at

the

door.

（2）當(dāng)形容詞或else修飾復(fù)合不定代詞時(shí)，形容詞或else必須放在復(fù)合不定代詞之后。如：·I

found

something

interesting

in

my

yard.

·He

values

friendship

more

than

anything

else.（2）either/neither/both/all/none與兩者相關(guān)either"（兩者中）任何一個(gè)"，作主語時(shí)，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式；either...or..."或者……或者……，要么……要么……"，連接并列結(jié)構(gòu)作主語時(shí)，謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)遵循"就近原則"neither"兩者都不"，neither...nor..."既不……也不……"，連接并列結(jié)構(gòu)作主語時(shí)，謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)遵循"就近原則"both"兩個(gè)，兩個(gè)都"，both...and..."……和……都",連接并列結(jié)構(gòu)作主語時(shí)，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式與三者及以上相關(guān)all"（三者或三者以上）全部"，作主語時(shí)，謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)受其修飾的名詞影響none"（三者或三者以上中）沒有一個(gè)"·I’ve

bought

two

books;

you

can

have

either.·Neither

Tom

nor

I

am

interested

in

chemistry.·Both

of

my

parents

like

swimming

in

summer.·All

the

people

you

invited

are

coming.·None

of

the

questions

is/are

about

school

life.（3）many/much/（a）

few/（a）

little相同點(diǎn)

不同點(diǎn)many/much兩者都表示"許多"many修飾或代替復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞；much修飾或代替不可數(shù)名詞few/little兩者都表示"幾乎沒有"，表否定意義few修飾或代替復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞；little修飾或代替不可數(shù)名詞a

few/a

little兩者都表示"一些，少量"，表肯定意義a

few修飾或代替復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞；a

little修飾或代替不可數(shù)名詞·I

have

many

books

to

read.·I

don’t

have

much

money

with

me.·He

can

speak

a

little

French,

but

he

knows

little

English.·There

are

a

few

people

over

there,

but

I

know

few

of

them.（4）other/the

other/others/the

others/anotherother泛指"另外的（人或物）"，一般作定語，修飾復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞the

other特指"兩者中的另一個(gè)（人或物）"，常與one連用，構(gòu)成"one...

the

other..."；作定語修飾復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，表示"其余全部的"others泛指"其他的（人或物）",相當(dāng)于"other+復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞"，不能作定語，常與some連用，構(gòu)成"some...others..."the

others特指"其余所有的（人或物）"，相當(dāng)于"the

other+復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞"，不能作定語another泛指"（不定數(shù)目中的）另一個(gè)"，可用作定語;還可以和數(shù)詞以及復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞連用，表示"再幾個(gè)"，another+數(shù)詞+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式=數(shù)詞+

more+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式續(xù)表·I’ve

got

some

other

friends

I’d

like

to

invite.·I

have

two

bikes.

One

is

red,

and

the

other

is

blue.·Look

how

happy

they

are!

Some

are

singing,

and

others

are

dancing.·Helen

is

taller

than

the

others

in

our

class.·What

delicious

cakes!

May

I

have

another

one?·The

doctor

says

I

should

stay

in

bed

for

another

two

days（=two

more

days）.一、基礎(chǔ)小測A.用括號中所給詞的正確形式填空。每空限填一詞。1.

Can

you

show

your

new

book

to

______?（I）me2.Our

English

teacher,

Miss

Li,

is

kind

and

patient.

We

all

like

_______.（she）her3.As

the

art

festival

is

coming,

they

are

preparing

everything

by

_____________.（they）themselves4.Where

is

your

brother?

I

want

to

give

_______

a

book.（he）him5.

Alice

is

_______

best

friend.

I

hope

our

friendship

can

last

forever.（I）my6.The

living

conditions

of

the

endangered

wild

animals

have

greatly

improved.

The

number

of

________

is

rapidly

increasing.（they）them7.The

main

difference

between

_______

garden

and

Jack’s

garden

is

that

_______

is

bigger.（we）ourours8.They

told

______

the

meeting

would

last

a

few

minutes,

so

why

don’t

______

all

wait

outside?（we）uswe9.Some

people

prefer

a

vegetarian

diet（素食食譜）,

while

________

prefer

a

meat-based

diet.（other）others10.I’m

sorry

that

I

wasn’t

able

to

phone

_______

yesterday.（you）youB.從方框中選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空。每詞限用一次，每空限填一詞。somebody

anybody

everybody

nobody11.There

isn’t

___________

in

the

classroom.

All

the

students

are

having

a

PE（體育）

lesson

in

the

playground.anybody12.I

knocked

at

the

door

but

__________

answered.

Maybe

they

went

to

the

concert（音樂會）.nobody13.—Is

____________

here?—Yes.

We

are

all

ready.everybody14.Our

classroom

is

so

clean.

I

think

____________

cleaned

it

before

class.somebodysomething

anything

everything

nothing15.—Coffee

or

tea,

Frank?—Coffee,

please.

To

get

relaxed,

__________

is

better

than

a

cup

of

coffee.nothing16.I

always

believe

that

there

isn’t

___________

difficult

if

we

set

our

mind

to

do

it.anything17.Could

you

stay

a

little

longer?

I

have

____________

more

to

tell

you

about

the

plan

for

tomorrow.something18.Don’t

worry

about

me.

_____________

is

going

well.Everythingall

both

neither

either

none19.o

go

abroad

or

not

to

go

after

graduation,

it’s

a

question.—You

may

take

________

of

the

roads.

But

being

home

in

the

end

matters.either20.—Which

colour

do

you

like,

red

or

blue?—__________.

I

like

green（綠色）.Neither21.—Four

children

were

walking

under

a

small

umbrella.

________

of

them

go