視覺傳感器認(rèn)知KnowledgeofVisionSensorsPART01視覺傳感器的定義與特點(diǎn)DefinitionandFeaturesofVisionSensors視覺傳感器定義與核心特點(diǎn)DefinitionandCoreFeaturesofVisionSensors定義：光信號(hào)轉(zhuǎn)電信號(hào)Definition:opticalsignaltoelectricalsignal視覺傳感器通過鏡頭與圖像處理芯片把光信號(hào)轉(zhuǎn)為數(shù)字圖像，提取目標(biāo)形狀、位置與運(yùn)動(dòng)狀態(tài)，為后續(xù)決策提供原始數(shù)據(jù)。Visionsensorsconvertopticalsignalsintodigitalimagesthroughlensesandimageprocessingchips,extracttargetshape,positionandmotionstatus,andproviderawdataforsubsequentdecision-making.視覺傳感器定義與核心特點(diǎn)DefinitionandCoreFeaturesofVisionSensors1342高信息密度捕捉顏色、紋理、輪廓多維信息。Highinformationdensity:captureofmulti-dimensionalinformationofcolor,textureandcontour.實(shí)時(shí)性強(qiáng)幀率≥30幀/秒，響應(yīng)快速。Strongreal-timeperformance:framerate≥30frames/second,fastresponse.成本可控量產(chǎn)成本低于激光雷達(dá)。Controllablecost:productioncostlowerthanthatofLiDAR.環(huán)境適應(yīng)性有限受光照、天氣影響。Limitedenvironmentaladaptability:affectedbylightandweather.PART02視覺傳感器的類型與功能TypesandFunctionsofVisionSensors四類視覺傳感器結(jié)構(gòu)與功能對(duì)比ComparisonofStructuresandFunctionsofFourTypesofVisionSensors類型

Type英文全稱（縮寫）

English

full

name

(abbreviation)結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)

Structural

features核心功能

Corefunctions典型應(yīng)用

Typical

applications單目攝像頭

MonocularcameraMonocularCamera（MC）

MonocularCamera(MC)單個(gè)攝像頭+處理器

Singlecamera+processor二維目標(biāo)識(shí)別（車道線、標(biāo)志）

2Dtargetrecognition(lanelinesandsigns)車道偏離預(yù)警（LDW）

Lanedeparturewarning(LDW)雙目攝像頭

BinocularcameraBinocularCamera（BC）

BinocularCamera(BC)兩個(gè)間距固定攝像頭

Twocameraswithfixedspacing三維測(cè)距（目標(biāo)距離計(jì)算）

3Dranging(targetdistancecalculation)自適應(yīng)巡航（ACC）

Adaptivecruisecontrol(ACC)環(huán)視攝像頭

SurroundviewcameraSurroundView（SVC）

SurroundView(SVC)4個(gè)攝像頭（前/后/左/右）

4cameras(front/rear/left/right)360°全景成像，消除盲區(qū)

360°panoramicimaging,eliminatingblindspots全景影像、自動(dòng)泊車（PAS）

Panoramicimages,automaticparkingassist(PAS)紅外攝像頭

InfraredcameraInfraredCamera（IC）

InfraredCamera(IC)紅外光成像模塊

Infraredlightimagingmodule弱光/黑夜環(huán)境感知

Lowlight/Darkenvironmentperception夜間駕駛輔助（NVA）

Nightvisionaid(NVA)PART03典型應(yīng)用場(chǎng)景解析AnalysisofTypicalApplicationScenarios視覺傳感器全場(chǎng)景應(yīng)用圖譜Full-scenarioApplicationMapofVisionSensors車道線識(shí)別(保證車輛在車道內(nèi)行駛)、交通參與者檢測(cè)(行人、自行車、其他車輛)、交通信號(hào)識(shí)別(紅綠燈、限速牌、禁止標(biāo)志）。Lanelineidentification(ensuringthatvehiclesrunwithinthelane),trafficparticipantdetection(pedestrians,bicyclesandothervehicles)andtrafficsignalrecognition(trafficlights,speedlimitsignsandprohibitionsigns).環(huán)境感知場(chǎng)景Environmentalperceptionscenario-車道線識(shí)別-Lanelineidentification倒車影像/全景影像（環(huán)視攝像頭）、車道保持輔助（單目攝像頭）、前車碰撞預(yù)警（雙目攝像頭測(cè)距）。Reversingcamera/panoramicview(surroundviewcamera),lanekeepingassist(monocularcamera)andforwardcollisionwarning(binocularcameraranging)輔助駕駛場(chǎng)景Aideddrivingscenario-倒車影像-Reversingcamera視覺傳感器全場(chǎng)景應(yīng)用圖譜Full-scenarioApplicationMapofVisionSensors城市道路的跟車行駛、路口轉(zhuǎn)彎、避讓障礙物。Car-followingoperationonurbanroads,turningatintersections,andavoidingobstacles自動(dòng)駕駛場(chǎng)景Autonomousdrivingscenario夜間/隧道駕駛，環(huán)視攝像頭。Nighttime/Tunneldriving,surroundviewcamera.特殊場(chǎng)景Specialscenarios-未來自動(dòng)駕駛示意圖-SchematicDiagramofFutureAutonomousDriving本講小結(jié)SummaryofThisLecture?核心定位：視覺傳感器是智能網(wǎng)聯(lián)汽車的“眼睛”，核心作用是環(huán)境感知。Corepositioning:Visionsensorsarethe"eyes"ofintelligentconnectedvehicles,andtheircorefunctionisenvironmentalperception.?關(guān)鍵特點(diǎn)：高信息密度、實(shí)時(shí)性強(qiáng)、成本可控、環(huán)境適應(yīng)性有限。Keyfeatures:highinformationdensity,strongreal-timeperformance,controllablecostandlimitedenvironmentaladaptability.?類型功能：?jiǎn)文浚ㄗR(shí)別）、雙目（測(cè)距）、環(huán)視（全景）、紅外（弱光）。Typesandfunctions:monocular(identification),binocular(ranging),surroundview(panoramic)andinfr