Unit1SpringIsComing單元語法及練習(xí)（含答案）冀教版英語八年級(jí)下冊(cè)單元語法精講——構(gòu)詞法(I)

合成詞：在英語中有很多單詞是通過合成的方法構(gòu)成的，即：把兩個(gè)（或更多）獨(dú)立的單詞合在一起構(gòu)成一個(gè)新詞，用這種方式構(gòu)成的單詞叫合成詞。常見合成詞有合成名詞、合成動(dòng)詞、合成形容詞等幾種類型。

合成詞的類型

一、合成名詞

合成名詞常見的幾種基本構(gòu)成：

1．名詞+名詞如：football足球

2．形容詞+名詞如：greenhouse溫室

3．名詞+動(dòng)名詞如：horse-riding騎馬

4．動(dòng)詞+名詞如：playground操場(chǎng)

5．動(dòng)詞+副詞如：get-together聚會(huì)

6．副詞+名詞如：income收入

7．介詞+名詞如：afternoon卞午

二、合成形容詞

合成形容詞常見的幾種基本構(gòu)成：

1．名詞+形容詞如：world-famous世界聞名的

2．形容詞+形容詞如：light-green淺綠色的

3．名詞+現(xiàn)在分詞如：peace-loving熱愛和平的

4．名詞+過去分詞如：man-made人造的

5．形容詞+現(xiàn)在分詞如：good-looking好看的，easy-going隨和的

6．形容詞+過去分詞，這里的過去分詞大多是名詞加-ed構(gòu)成的假分詞。如：new-born剛出生的，simple-minded頭腦簡(jiǎn)單的

7．?dāng)?shù)詞+名詞（+形容詞）如：four-hour四小時(shí)的，8000-mile-long八千英里長(zhǎng)的

8．副詞+現(xiàn)在分詞如：outgoing外向的

9．副詞+過去分詞如：well-known著名的

10．其他詞類或結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)化而來合成形容詞如：once-a-week每周一次的

三、合成動(dòng)詞

合成動(dòng)詞常見的幾種基本構(gòu)成：

1．名詞+動(dòng)詞如：water-cool用水冷卻

2．形容詞+動(dòng)詞如：quick-charge快速充電

3．副詞+動(dòng)詞如：overcome克服，戰(zhàn)勝

合成名詞的意義

1．完全是兩部分意義的復(fù)合。如：weekend：week周；end末尾。合成為周末。

2．與原義相關(guān)，但有差別，這種詞在翻譯時(shí)要注意不要望文生義。如：underwear：under下面；wear穿，戴。合為內(nèi)衣。

3．完全失去了原有的意義。如：busboy：bus公共汽車；boy男孩兒。合成為飯店雜工。

單元語法集訓(xùn)

I．單項(xiàng)選擇。

()1.Manystudentssignedupforthe___________raceinthesportsmeeting.

A.800-metre-longB.800-metres-longC.800metrelengthD.800metreslength

()2.Weallexpectthe___________holidayaftertheexam.

A.twomonth

B.two-month

C.two-months

D.twomonths

()3.Asweallknow,Hezeis___________foritspeony（牡丹）．Itattractsmillionsofvisitorseveryyear.

A.popular

B.well-known

C.man-made

D.income

()4.TheNewYorkTimesisapopulardaily___________.

A.storybook

B.magazine

C.newspaper

D.guidebook

()5.Heis___________becausehehasneverbeenbacktohishometownforalongtime.

A.homeworkB.homesickC.housework

D.hard-working

II．從方框中選擇單詞組成合成詞填空。

speaking,well,peace,over,English,loving,green,house,known,come

1.Australiaisan

____country.

2.Peopleplantthevegetablesinthe

____inwinter.

3.Theyare

____people.Theyareagainstthewar.

4.TheGreatWallis

____allovertheworld.

5.Wemust

____thedifficultieswemeetonthewaytosuccess.

單元重難點(diǎn)集訓(xùn)

題組訓(xùn)練一neither...nor...,both...and,either...or...的用法辨析

I．單項(xiàng)選擇。

()1.___________mybrother___________Idowellinourlessons.

Mymotherisveryproudofus.

A.Not;butB.Neither;nor

C.Either;or

D.Both;and

()2.—TellussomethingaboutCanada,OK

—I’msorry.___________Jack___________Ihaveeverbeenthere.

A.Either;orB.Notonly;butalsoC.Both;and

D.Neither;nor

()3.Wejustneedoneofyouforthegame.___________you___________yourbrothercanjoinus.

A．Both;andB.Neither;nor

C．Either;orD.Notonly;butalso

II．用所給詞的正確形式填空。

1.Neitheryounoryoursister

____(go)toplayfootballeveryafternoon.

2.BothmyteacherandI

____(be)busywithourmodelplanethesedays.

題組訓(xùn)練二another,other,others,theother的用法辨析

從方框中選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空。

another,other,others,theother

1.Therearetwobooksonthedesk.OneisChinese,

____ismaths.

2.Beijingisverycoldnow.Youshouldtakesome

____warmclothes.

3.Ihavesomeapples.ButIneed

____threeapples．

4.Therearesomepeopleonthesquare.Somearedancing,

____arewalkingandtalking.

5.Idon’tlikethepairofshoes.Canyoushowme

____one

題組訓(xùn)練三as...as的用法

I．單項(xiàng)選擇。

()1.Playingbasketballis___________playingthepiano.Iwanttojointhetwoclubs.

A.asboring;asB.notsoboredasC.asinterestingasD.notsointerested

()2.Alexbelieveshewillsoonbeabletoplaychessas___________asthecomputer.

A.wellB.better

C.best___D.good

II.根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子。

1．我能和艾麗斯跑得一樣快。我們將都參加比賽。

Icanrun___

Alicedoes.Webothwilltakepartintherace.

2．我將盡可能快地做完作業(yè)，然后咱們一起打籃球。

Iwillfinishmyhomework______andthenplay

basketballwithyou.

題組訓(xùn)練四Therebe結(jié)構(gòu)的用法

單項(xiàng)選擇。

()1.Look！There___________aphotoofourEnglishteacherintoday’snewspaper!

A.is

B.are

C.have

D.has

()2．There___________anNBAmatchonTVthisweekend.

A.haveB.isgoingtobe

C.willhaveD.isgoingtohave

()3.—Isthereanyoutdoorlearninginyourschool

—___________.Welearnoutdoorsonceortwiceeverymonth.

A.Yes,thereisB.No,thereisn’tC.Yes,itisD.No,itisn’t

()4.There___________abookandsomepensonthedesk.

A.is

B.are

C.have

D.has

題組訓(xùn)練五not...until的用法

單項(xiàng)選擇。

()1.—Youlooksotired.What’swrong

—Ididn’tgotobed___________IfinishedwatchingIntheNameofPeoplelastnight.

A.until

B.if

C.though

D.unless

()2.She___________notgiveupuntilshesucceeds.

A.willB.is

C.doesD.did

單元滾動(dòng)閱讀集訓(xùn)

完形填空。

Whenspringcomes,flowersarebeginningtocomeout.ForteenagersintheU.S.,thatmeansavacationison

1

way.

IntheUS,studentsmaybegintheirspringvacationatdifferenttime,_2

wheretheylive,Sowhilestudentsfromonetownareonvacation,theirneighborsinthenexttownmight

3

asusual.Springvacationisalsoknown

4

“springbreak".Duringthistime,studentshaveoneortwoweeksofffromschool.ThebreakusuallyhappensinlateMarchor

5

.

Springbreakisa

6

time.Teachersusuallydon’tgivehomeworkoverthebreak,sostudentscanspendtheirdaysandnightsfreefromschool-timestress.Therearelotsofwaystospendthetime.Somefamiliesgoonvacation,visitanewcityorevenanew

7

.Othersmaytraveltovisitfamilymemberswholivefaraway.Somestudents8

relaxathomeorvisitfriends’houses.Sometimesteachersleadoverseastripsforgroupsofstudents.Onaten-daytrip,forexample,studentsmighthavea

9

throughSpain,France,orItaly.Thesetripsareoftenexpensive,

10theygivestudentsanunusualchancetoseeotherpartsoftheworld.

()1.A.their

B.its

C.your

D.ours

()2.A.dependingonB.dependonC.todependonD.dependedon

()3.A.playbasketball

B.takeexamsC.haveclassesD.leaveschool

()4.A.by___B.in

C.for___D.as

()5.A.February

B.April

C.OctoberD.December

()6.A.relaxingB.busyC.privateD.tiring

()7.A.family

B.city

C.town

D.country

()8.A.both

B.all

C.either

D.neither

()9.A.tour

B.rest

C.walk

D.picnic

()10.A.or___B.but

C.and

D.so

II.閱讀理解。

Dearfriend,doyouknowtheboyinthepictureHeisWangYuan,amemberoftheChineseboyband,TFBOYS.DoyouwanttoknowmoreabouthimFollowmeplease.

WangYuanwasbornonNovember8th,2000inChongqing.HisEnglishnameisRay.Heisaseniorhighschoolstudentnow.Heisgoodatsinging,dancingandplayingthepiano.Hecanalsowritesongsalone.HeandtwootherboysformedtheboybandTFBOYSin2013.TheyareverypopularwiththeyounggirlsandboysinChinanow.

OnFebruary10th,2017,WangYuanmadeashortspeechongoodqualityeducation(優(yōu)質(zhì)教育)inEnglishattheUnitedNationsinfrontof500peoplefromaroundtheworld.It’sgreat.Asformiddleschoolstudents,weshouldlearnfromWangYuan,andputourheartsintowhatwearedoingtomakeadifferenceinourdailylives.

()1.WangYuanwasborn___________.

A.onNovember8th,2013

B.onNovember18th,2001

C.onNovember8th,2000

D.onNovember8th,2013

()2.WangYuan’sEnglishnameis___________.

A.Jay

B.Ray

C.Lay

D．Kay

()3.WangYuanisatalentedboy,hecan___________,singandplaythepiano.

A.playthedrumsB.driveC.paint

D.dance

()4.WangYuanmadeashortspeechat___________in2017．

A.ChongqingB.BeijingC.Shanghai

D.theUnitedNations

()5.Whatcanyoulearnfromthepassage

A.Workinghardcanmakeadifference.

B.Beingastarcanmakealotofmoney.

C.WangYuansingswellbutcan’twritesongs.

D.Fourpeopleareintheband.

以下是上述內(nèi)容的答案及解析：**單元語法集訓(xùn)**I.1.A解析：

“800-metre-long”是一個(gè)合成形容詞，作定語修飾名詞“race”，其中“metre”要用單數(shù)。2.B解析：“two-month"是一個(gè)合成形容詞，作定語修飾名詞“holiday”。3.B解析：“bewell-knownfor"表示“因......而聞名”，菏澤因牡丹而聞名。4.C解析：《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》是一份報(bào)紙，“newspaper"報(bào)紙。5.B解析：“homesick”想家的，因?yàn)楹芫脹]回家鄉(xiāng)所以想家。II.1.English-speaking解析：“English-speaking"說英語的。2.greenhouse解析：“greenhouse”溫室。3.peace-loving解析：“peace-loving"熱愛和平的。4.well-known解析：“well-known”著名的。5.overcome解析：“overcome"克服。**單元重難點(diǎn)集訓(xùn)****題組訓(xùn)練一**I.1.D解析：根據(jù)“Mymotherisveryproudofus.”可知我和哥哥功課都好，“both...and..."表示“兩者都......”。2.D解析：“I’msorry."表明兩人都沒去過，“neither...nor...”表示“兩者都不......"。3.C解析：“Wejustneedoneofyouforthegame.”表明要么你要么你哥哥能加入我們，“either...or..."表示“要么......要么......”。II.1.goes解析：“Neither...nor..."連接兩個(gè)主語，謂語動(dòng)詞遵循“就近原則”，“yoursister"是第三人稱單數(shù)，所以用“goes”。2.are解析：“Both...and..."連接兩個(gè)主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)，所以用“are”。**題組訓(xùn)練二**1.theother解析：兩者中的另一個(gè)用“theother"。2.other解析：“other+名詞復(fù)數(shù)”表示“其他的......"。3.another解析：“another+數(shù)詞+名詞”表示“另外的......"。4.others解析：“some...others...”一些......另一些......。5.another解析：“anotherone"另一個(gè)。**題組訓(xùn)練三**I.1.C解析：“as+形容詞/副詞原級(jí)+as”表示“和......一樣......”，“interesting”形容事物有趣，“bored"形容人感到無聊，打籃球和彈鋼琴一樣有趣。2.A