GRE考試核心詞匯及模擬題庫及參考答案考試時長：120分鐘滿分：100分試卷名稱：GRE考試核心詞匯及模擬題庫考核對象：準備GRE考試的考生題型分值分布：-單選題（10題，每題2分）總分20分-填空題（10題，每題2分）總分20分-判斷題（10題，每題2分）總分20分-簡答題（3題，每題4分）總分12分-應用題（2題，每題9分）總分18分總分：100分一、單選題（每題2分，共20分）1.Theterm"ubiquitous"bestdescribessomethingthatis:A.rareanduniqueB.presenteverywhereatthesametimeC.difficulttounderstandD.intentionallyhidden參考答案：B2.Whichofthefollowingisanexampleof"cognitivedissonance"?A.FeelinghappyafterachievingagoalB.Enjoyingamealdespiteknowingit'sunhealthyC.PreferringonebrandoveranotherwithoutreasonD.Rememberingachildhoodmemoryvividly參考答案：B3.Theword"serendipity"refersto:A.plannedsuccessB.unexpectedgoodfortuneC.deliberatefailureD.forcedluck參考答案：B4."Ephemeral"describessomethingthatis:A.permanentandlastingB.temporaryandfleetingC.expensiveandrareD.difficulttodefine參考答案：B5.Thephrase"aHerculeantask"means:A.aneasychallengeB.ataskrequiringimmensestrengthoreffortC.ataskthatisunnecessaryD.ataskthatcanbecompletedquickly參考答案：B6."Paradigmshift"refersto:A.aminorchangeinthinkingB.afundamentalchangeinperspectiveormethodologyC.atemporarydisagreementD.arepetitivecycle參考答案：B7.Theterm"myopic"describessomeonewhois:A.abletoseefarintothefutureB.short-sightedorfocusedonlyonthepresentC.highlyobservantD.extremelyoptimistic參考答案：B8."Pragmatic"means:A.idealisticandunrealisticB.practicalandrealisticC.emotionalandsubjectiveD.theoreticalandabstract參考答案：B9.Theword"melancholy"conveysafeelingof:A.extremehappinessB.mildsadnessC.intenseangerD.nervousexcitement參考答案：B10."Sycophant"referstosomeonewho:A.sincerelyadmiresanotherpersonB.mocksothersforpersonalgainC.flattersotherstogainfavorD.avoidssocialinteractions參考答案：C---二、填空題（每題2分，共20分）1.Thediscoveryofpenicillinwasa________momentinmedicalhistory.參考答案：serendipitous2.His________attitudemadeithardforhimtoadapttothenewteam.參考答案：myopic3.The________oftheinternethastransformedhowweaccessinformation.參考答案：ubiquitous4.Shefaceda________challengewhenshedecidedtostartherownbusiness.參考答案：Herculean5.Theauthor's________writingstylekeepsreadersengaged.參考答案：pragmatic6.The________betweenthetwotheoriescreatedamajordebateamongscientists.參考答案：paradigm7.His________decisiontoquithisjobwasbasedonshort-termhappiness.參考答案：myopic8.The________oftheeventwassobriefthatfewpeopleremembereditclearly.參考答案：ephemeral9.Thepolitician's________behaviorearnedhimcriticismfromthepublic.參考答案：sycophantic10.The________ofthenewpolicywasmetwithmixedreactions.參考答案：pragmatic---三、判斷題（每題2分，共20分）1."Cognitivedissonance"occurswhenbeliefsandactionsarealigned.(×)2."Ephemeral"describessomethingthatlastsforever.(×)3."Paradigmshift"referstoasmallchangeinhowpeoplethink.(×)4."Myopic"meanssomeonecanseefarintothefuture.(×)5."Pragmatic"suggestsbeingoverlyidealistic.(×)6."Melancholy"isamildformofhappiness.(×)7."Sycophant"issomeonewhoadmiresotherssincerely.(×)8."Ubiquitous"meanssomethingisrareandunique.(×)9."Herculean"describesaneasytask.(×)10."Serendipity"referstoplannedsuccess.(×)參考答案：1×,2×,3×,4×,5×,6×,7×,8×,9×,10×---四、簡答題（每題4分，共12分）1.Explainthedifferencebetween"myopic"and"pragmatic"inyourownwords.參考答案：-"Myopic"describessomeonewhoisshort-sighted,focusingonlyonthepresentwithoutconsideringlong-termconsequences.-"Pragmatic"meansbeingpracticalandrealistic,dealingwithsituationsinasensiblewaybasedonfactsratherthanemotions.2.Howdoes"cognitivedissonance"affectpeople'sdecision-making?參考答案：Cognitivedissonancecreatesmentaldiscomfortwhenbeliefsconflictwithactions,forcingpeopletoeitherchangetheirbeliefsorjustifytheirbehaviortoreducethetension.3.Provideanexampleofa"paradigmshift"inmodernhistory.參考答案：ThediscoveryofthestructureofDNAin1953wasaparadigmshiftinbiology,revolutionizinghowscientistsunderstoodgeneticsandheredity.---五、應用題（每題9分，共18分）1.Astudentstruggleswithchoosingbetweenahigh-payingbutstressfuljobandalower-payingbutfulfillingcareer.Explainhow"cognitivedissonance"mightaffecttheirdecisionandsuggestwaystoresolveit.參考答案：-EffectofCognitiveDissonance:Thestudentmayfeeltornbetweenfinancialsecurityandpersonalsatisfaction,leadingtoanxietyorindecision.-ResolutionStrategies:1.Listprosandconsofeachoption.2.Seekadvicefrommentorsorprofessionals.3.Reflectonlong-termgoalsandvalues.2.Describeasituationwhere"pragmatic"thinkinghelpedsolveaprobleminreallife.參考答案：Acompanyfacingdecliningsalesdecidedtocutunnecessaryexpensesandfocusonhigh-demandproductsinsteadofexpandingintonewmarkets.Thispragmaticapproachimprovedprofitabilitywithinashortperiod.---標準答案及解析一、單選題解析1.B-"Ubiquitous"meanspresenteverywhere,likeWi-Fiinmodernlife.2.B-"Cognitivedissonance"ariseswhenactionsconflictwithbeliefs,e.g.,eatingunhealthyfooddespiteknowingit'sbad.3.B-"Serendipity"isfindingsomethinggoodwithoutexpectingit,likestumblinguponahiddengem.4.B-"Ephemeral"describesthingsthatlastbriefly,likeasoapbubble.5.B-"Herculeantask"referstosomethingextremelydifficult,likeclimbingMountEverest.6.B-"Paradigmshift"isamajorchangeinthinking,e.g.,thetheoryofrelativity.7.B-"Myopic"meansshort-sighted,likefocusingonlyonimmediateneeds.8.B-"Pragmatic"meanspractical,likefixingaleakyfaucetinsteadofdreamingaboutaperfecthouse.9.B-"Melancholy"isagentlesadness,likemissinganoldfriend.10.C-"Sycophant"flattersotherstogainbenefits,likeayes-maninanoffice.二、填空題解析1.Serendipitous-Unexpectedgoodfortune,likewinningalottery.2.Myopic-Short-sighted,likeignoringlong-termhealthrisks.3.Ubiquitous-Presenteverywhere,likesmartphonesintoday'sworld.4.Herculean-Extremelydifficult,likewritingadoctoraldissertation.5.Pragmatic-Practical,likechoosingpublictransporttosavemoney.6.Paradigm-Amajorshift,liketheprintingpresschangingknowledgeaccess.7.Myopic-Short-sighted,likequittingastablejobforariskystartup.8.Ephemeral-Brief,likeasunset'sbeauty.9.Sycophantic-Flattering,likeamanagerwhoonlypraisestheboss.10.Pragmatic-Practical,likeagovernmentpolicybasedondata.三、判斷題解析1.×-Cognitivedissonanceoccurswhenbeliefsandactionsconflict,notalign.2.×-"Ephemeral"meanstemporary,notpermanent.3.×-"Paradigmshift"isamajorchange,notasmallone.4.×-"Myopic"meansshort-sighted,notabletoseefar.5.×-"Pragmatic"isrealistic,notidealistic.6.×-"Melancholy"issadness,nothappiness.7.×-"Sycophant"flatters,notsincerelyadmire.8.×-"Ubiquitous"meanswidespread,notrare.9.×-"Herculean"isdifficult,noteasy.10.×-"Serendipity"isluck,notplanning.四、簡答題解析1.DifferenceBetween"Myopic"and"Pragmatic":-Myopic:Focusesonthepresent,ignoringlong-termconsequences(e.g.,spendingallsavingsonluxury).-Pragmatic:Actssensiblybasedonfacts,balancingshort-termandlong-termgoals