2026年電氣英語圖紙識(shí)讀考試復(fù)習(xí)試題含答案一、選擇題（共10題，每題2分，計(jì)20分）1.Whichsymbolrepresentsanormallyopencontactinelectricaldiagrams?A)NormallyClosedContactB)NormallyOpenContactC)OverloadRelayD)CircuitBreaker2.Whatdoestheabbreviation'MCC'standforinelectricalsystems?A)MotorControlCenterB)MainCircuitBreakerC)MotorControlCircuitD)Multi-ComponentConnector3.Whichtermreferstothevoltagedropacrossaresistorinacircuit?A)PowerRatingB)VoltageDropC)ResistanceValueD)CurrentFlow4.Whatdoesthesymbol'?'indicateinacircuitdiagram?A)TransformerB)FuseC)RelayD)Ground5.Whichtypeofwireistypicallyusedforhigh-voltagetransmissionlines?A)CopperWireB)AluminumCableC)FiberOpticD)ControlWire6.Whatisthestandardunitformeasuringelectricalresistance?A)AmpereB)VoltC)OhmD)Watt7.Whichcomponentisusedtoprotectacircuitfromovercurrent?A)CapacitorB)FuseC)DiodeD)Transformer8.Whatdoestheterm'NEC'refertoinelectricalengineering?A)NationalElectricalCodeB)NetworkEngineeringConferenceC)NewElectricalCircuitD)Non-ElectricalComponent9.Whichsymbolrepresentsacapacitorinelectricaldiagrams?A)InductorSymbolB)ResistorSymbolC)CapacitorSymbolD)DiodeSymbol10.Whatisthepurposeofacircuitbreakerinanelectricalsystem?A)TomeasurevoltageB)TocontrolcurrentflowC)ToprotectagainstovercurrentD)Togeneratepower二、填空題（共10題，每題2分，計(jì)20分）1.Theunitofelectricalcurrentisthe________.2.Adevicethatopensorclosesacircuitautomaticallyiscalleda________.3.Theabbreviation'V'standsfor________inelectricaldiagrams.4.Theprocessofensuringelectricalsafetyininstallationsisknownas________.5.Aresistorwitharesistancevalueof1,000ohmsiscalleda________.6.Thesymbol'?'representsa________incircuitdiagrams.7.TheprincipleofelectricalcircuitsisbasedonOhm's________.8.Theterm'grounding'referstoconnectingelectricalequipmenttoa________.9.Acircuitthatprovidesapathforcurrenttoflowiscalleda________.10.ThevoltagesuppliedbyhouseholdoutletsintheU.S.istypically________volts.三、判斷題（共10題，每題1分，計(jì)10分）1.Atransformerincreasesthevoltageinanelectricalcircuit.(True/False)2.Anormallyclosedcontactisclosedwhenpowerisapplied.(True/False)3.Theabbreviation'IP'referstotheinsulationlevelofelectricalcomponents.(True/False)4.Acircuitdiagramshowsthephysicallayoutofelectricalcomponents.(True/False)5.TheNationalElectricalCode(NEC)ismandatoryintheUnitedStates.(True/False)6.Acapacitorstoreselectricalenergyinamagneticfield.(True/False)7.Thesymbol'?'representsaswitchincircuitdiagrams.(True/False)8.Afuseisreusable,whileacircuitbreakerisnot.(True/False)9.Theterm'kV'standsforkilovolt,whichisequalto1,000volts.(True/False)10.Electricalwiringinindustrialsettingsmustfollowthesamestandardsashouseholdwiring.(True/False)四、簡(jiǎn)答題（共5題，每題4分，計(jì)20分）1.Explainthedifferencebetweenafuseandacircuitbreaker.2.Whatisthepurposeofgroundinginelectricalsystems?3.Describethefunctionofamotorcontrolcenter(MCC)inindustrialapplications.4.Whatarethethreemaincomponentsofabasicelectricalcircuit?5.HowdoesOhm'sLawrelatevoltage,current,andresistance?五、翻譯題（共5題，每題4分，計(jì)20分）1.TranslatethefollowingEnglishelectricaltermintoChinese:"OvercurrentProtection"2.TranslatethefollowingChineseelectricaltermintoEnglish:"斷路器"3.TranslatethefollowingEnglishsentenceintoChinese:"Theelectricaldiagramshowsthewiringlayoutofthecontrolpanel."4.TranslatethefollowingChinesesentenceintoEnglish:"電容用于儲(chǔ)存電荷，并在電路中提供瞬時(shí)功率。"5.TranslatethefollowingEnglishsentenceintoChinese:"CompliancewiththeNECensuresthesafetyofelectricalinstallations."答案與解析一、選擇題答案與解析1.B)NormallyOpenContact解析：Normallyopencontact（常開觸點(diǎn)）在電路中未通電時(shí)處于斷開狀態(tài)，符號(hào)通常為一條直線加一個(gè)開口。2.A)MotorControlCenter解析：MCC（MotorControlCenter）是電機(jī)控制中心，用于集中安裝電機(jī)、斷路器、接觸器等電氣元件。3.B)VoltageDrop解析：電壓降是指電流通過電阻時(shí)，電阻兩端產(chǎn)生的電位差。4.D)Ground解析：符號(hào)'?'代表接地，用于電路的電位參考點(diǎn)。5.B)AluminumCable解析：鋁電纜因其重量輕、成本較低，常用于高壓輸電線路。6.C)Ohm解析：電阻的單位是歐姆（Ω），用希臘字母'Ω'表示。7.B)Fuse解析：熔斷器用于在電路過流時(shí)自動(dòng)斷開，保護(hù)電路安全。8.A)NationalElectricalCode解析：NEC是美國(guó)國(guó)家電氣規(guī)范，規(guī)定了電氣安裝的安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。9.C)CapacitorSymbol解析：電容符號(hào)由兩條平行的直線表示，中間有間隔。10.C)Toprotectagainstovercurrent解析：電路斷路器的主要功能是防止電路過載或短路，自動(dòng)切斷電源。二、填空題答案與解析1.Ampere(A)解析：電流的國(guó)際單位是安培（A），表示電荷的流動(dòng)速率。2.Relay解析：繼電器是一種自動(dòng)控制開關(guān)，可通過電磁或電子方式控制電路。3.Volt(V)解析：電壓的國(guó)際單位是伏特（V），表示電勢(shì)差。4.ElectricalSafety解析：電氣安全是指通過規(guī)范和措施確保電氣設(shè)備和人員的安全。5.Kilohm(kΩ)解析：1,000歐姆等于1千歐（kΩ），是電阻的常用單位。6.Ground解析：符號(hào)'?'表示接地，用于電路的零電位參考。7.Law解析：歐姆定律（Ohm'sLaw）描述了電壓、電流和電阻的關(guān)系。8.Earth解析：接地是指將電氣設(shè)備連接到大地，防止漏電事故。9.ClosedCircuit解析：閉合電路是指電流有完整路徑流通的電路。10.120解析：美國(guó)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)家用電壓為120伏交流電。三、判斷題答案與解析1.False解析：變壓器可升高或降低電壓，取決于線圈匝數(shù)比。2.False解析：常開觸點(diǎn)在未通電時(shí)斷開，通電時(shí)閉合。3.True解析：IP等級(jí)表示電氣設(shè)備的防護(hù)等級(jí)，如IP65表示防塵防噴水。4.False解析：電路圖是邏輯布局，而非物理布局。5.True解析：NEC是美國(guó)強(qiáng)制性電氣安裝標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。6.False解析：電容儲(chǔ)存電荷，而非磁能，電感元件才涉及磁場(chǎng)。7.False解析：符號(hào)'?'代表接地，而非開關(guān)。8.True解析：熔斷器需更換，斷路器可重復(fù)使用。9.True解析：kV是千伏的縮寫，等于1,000V。10.False解析：工業(yè)電氣標(biāo)準(zhǔn)通常比家用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)更嚴(yán)格。四、簡(jiǎn)答題答案與解析1.Differencebetweenafuseandacircuitbreaker:熔斷器是一次性器件，過流時(shí)熔斷需更換；斷路器是可重復(fù)使用，通過脫扣器自動(dòng)跳閘。2.Purposeofgrounding:接地防止設(shè)備漏電時(shí)人員觸電，并保護(hù)設(shè)備免受雷擊或電壓波動(dòng)損壞。3.FunctionofanMCC:MCC集中控制電機(jī)、斷路器、接觸器等，便于維護(hù)，提高工業(yè)電氣系統(tǒng)可靠性。4.Threemaincomponentsofabasiccircuit:電源（提供電能）、負(fù)載（消耗電能，如燈泡）、導(dǎo)線（連接電路）。5.Ohm'sLawrelation:Ohm'sLaw:V=I×R，電壓等于電流乘以電阻，用于計(jì)算電路參數(shù)。五、翻譯題答案與解析1.OvercurrentProtection→過流保護(hù)解析：指電路中防止電流過大的保護(hù)措施。2.斷路器→CircuitBreaker解析：自動(dòng)切斷電路的裝置，用于過載或短路保護(hù)。3."Theelectricaldiagramshowsthewiringlayoutofthecontrol