2025年雅思0619筆試答案

一、單項選擇題（總共10題，每題2分）1.Whichofthefollowingisacharacteristicofademocraticsociety?A)One-partyruleB)LimitedfreedomofspeechC)MajorityrulewithrespectforminorityrightsD)Absolutepower集中inthehandsofaleader2.Theprocessbywhichacountry'sgovernmentiselectedisknownas:A)FederalismB)ReferendumC)SuffrageD)Secularism3.WhatistheprimarypurposeoftheUnitedNations?A)TopromoteeconomiccompetitionbetweenmemberstatesB)ToprovidemilitarysupporttoallmembercountriesC)TomaintaininternationalpeaceandsecurityD)Toregulatethetradepoliciesofmemberstates4.Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofaconstitutionalmonarchy?A)TheUnitedStatesB)ThePeople'sRepublicofChinaC)SaudiArabiaD)TheUnitedKingdom5.WhatisthemainfunctionoftheSupremeCourtinmanycountries?A)Tomanagethecountry'seconomyB)TocreatelawsandregulationsC)TointerprettheconstitutionandsettlelegaldisputesD)Tooverseetheexecutivebranchofgovernment6.Whichofthefollowingisakeyprincipleoftheruleoflaw?A)ThegovernmentcanmakelawsasitpleasesB)LawsareappliedequallytoallcitizensC)LawsarecreatedbytheexecutivebranchD)Lawsareonlyforthewealthyandpowerful7.Whatisthetermforthedivisionofpowersbetweenthenationalandstategovernmentsinafederalsystem?A)SeparationofpowersB)ChecksandbalancesC)FederalismD)Representativedemocracy8.WhichofthefollowingisafundamentalrightguaranteedbytheBillofRightsintheUnitedStates?A)TherighttoownaslaveB)TherighttobeararmsC)TherighttovoteforwomenD)Therighttopracticepolygamy9.Whatisthemainpurposeofaparliamentarysystemofgovernment?A)ToensurethattheexecutiveandlegislativebranchesarecompletelyseparateB)ToprovideasystemofchecksandbalancesbetweendifferentbranchesofgovernmentC)ToallowtheprimeministertohavedirectcontroloverthemilitaryD)Toenablethelegislativebranchtomakelawsindependentlyoftheexecutivebranch10.Whichofthefollowingisacharacteristicofarepublic?A)AhereditarymonarchyB)DirectdemocracyC)RepresentativedemocracyD)Absolutedemocracy二、填空題（總共10題，每題2分）1.Thestudyofpoliticsandgovernmentisknownas________.2.Asystemofgovernmentwherepowerisdividedbetweenacentralauthorityandconstituentpoliticalunitsiscalled________.3.Theprinciplethateveryoneissubjecttothelaw,includingthegovernmentitself,isknownas________.4.ThefirsttenamendmentstotheUnitedStatesConstitutionarecollectivelyknownasthe________.5.Aformofgovernmentwheretheheadofstateisamonarchwhoholdssymbolicpowersiscalled________.6.Theprocessbywhichcitizensexercisetheirrighttovotetoelectrepresentativesisknownas________.7.Thebranchofgovernmentresponsibleformakinglawsiscalledthe________.8.Thebranchofgovernmentresponsibleforenforcinglawsiscalledthe________.9.Thebranchofgovernmentresponsibleforinterpretinglawsiscalledthe________.10.Asystemofgovernmentwherethepeopleholdultimatepoliticalpowerisknownas________.三、判斷題（總共10題，每題2分）1.Inademocracy,themajorityalwaysruleswithoutconsideringtherightsoftheminority.2.TheUnitedNationswasestablishedafterWorldWarIItopromotepeaceandcooperationamongnations.3.Inaconstitutionalmonarchy,themonarchhasabsolutepoweroverthegovernment.4.Theruleoflawmeansthatlawsarecreatedbytheexecutivebranchofgovernment.5.Federalismisasystemwherethenationalgovernmenthasallthepower.6.TheBillofRightsintheUnitedStatesguaranteesfundamentalrightstocitizens.7.Inaparliamentarysystem,theprimeministeriselecteddirectlybythepeople.8.Arepublicisaformofgovernmentwheretheheadofstateisahereditarymonarch.9.Thelegislativebranchisresponsibleforinterpretinglaws.10.Directdemocracyisasystemwherecitizensvoteonallmajordecisionsdirectly.四、簡答題（總共4題，每題5分）1.Describethekeydifferencesbetweenaparliamentarysystemandapresidentialsystemofgovernment.2.Explaintheconceptoffederalismanditsimportanceinmoderngovernance.3.DiscusstheroleoftheUnitedNationsinmaintaininginternationalpeaceandsecurity.4.Whatarethemaincomponentsoftheruleoflaw,andwhyisitimportantinademocraticsociety?五、討論題（總共4題，每題5分）1.Howdoestheprincipleofseparationofpowerscontributetothestabilityofagovernment?2.Whataretheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofafederalsystemofgovernment?3.Inwhatwayscantheruleoflawbestrengthenedinacountry?4.Discusstheimpactofdemocracyoneconomicdevelopmentandsocialprogress.答案和解析一、單項選擇題答案1.C2.C3.C4.D5.C6.B7.C8.B9.D10.C二、填空題答案1.Politicalscience2.Federalism3.Ruleoflaw4.BillofRights5.Constitutionalmonarchy6.Suffrage7.Legislativebranch8.Executivebranch9.Judicialbranch10.Democracy三、判斷題答案1.False2.True3.False4.False5.False6.True7.False8.False9.False10.True四、簡答題答案1.Inaparliamentarysystem,theprimeministeristheheadofgovernmentandistypicallytheleaderofthemajoritypartyinthelegislature.Theprimeministerandthegovernmentareaccountabletotheparliament,whichcanremovethemfromofficethroughavoteofnoconfidence.Inapresidentialsystem,thepresidentisboththeheadofstateandtheheadofgovernment,andiselectedindependentlyofthelegislature.Thepresidentandthegovernmentareaccountabletothepeopleandcannotberemovedbythelegislatureduringtheirterm.2.Federalismisasystemofgovernmentinwhichpowerisdividedbetweenacentralauthorityandconstituentpoliticalunits,suchasstatesorprovinces.Thisdivisionofpowerallowsforabalancebetweennationalunityandlocalautonomy.Federalismisimportantbecauseitallowsforlocalgovernmentstoaddressthespecificneedsoftheirregionswhilestillensuringthatthereisacentralauthoritytohandleissuesofnationalimportance,suchasdefenseandforeignpolicy.3.TheUnitedNationsplaysacrucialroleinmaintaininginternationalpeaceandsecuritybyprovidingaplatformfordialogueanddiplomacybetweennations.Ithelpstopreventconflictsthroughpeacekeepingmissions,mediatingdisputes,andpromotinginternationalcooperation.TheUNalsoworkstoaddressglobalchallengessuchaspoverty,climatechange,andhumanrightsabuses,contributingtoamorestableandprosperousworld.4.Themaincomponentsoftheruleoflawincludetheprinciplethateveryoneissubjecttothelaw,theideathatlawsshouldbeclearandpublic,therequirementthatlawsbeappliedequally,andtheneedforlegalprocessestobefairandimpartial.Theruleoflawisimportantinademocraticsocietybecauseitensuresthatthegovernmentanditscitizensareheldaccountabletothesamesetoflaws,promotingfairness,justice,andstability.五、討論題答案1.Theprincipleofseparationofpowerscontributestothestabilityofagovernmentbyensuringthatnosinglebranchofgovernmentbecomestoopowerful.Bydividingthegovernmentintodistinctbranches(legislative,executive,andjudicial),eachbranchcanactasacheckontheothers,preventingabusesofpowerandpromotingasystemofchecksandbalances.Thisdivisionhelpstopreventtheconcentrationofpowerinonebranch,whichcouldleadtotyrannyorauthoritarianism.2.Theadvantagesofafederalsystemofgovernmentincludetheabilitytoaddresslocalneedsthroughregionalgovernments,thepromotionoflocalautonomyanddiversity,andthepreventionofasinglecentralauthoritybecomingtoopowerful.However,federalismcanalsoleadtodisadvantagessuchaspotentialconflictsbetweennationalandregionalgovernments,difficultiesincreatinguniformpoliciesacrossdifferentregions,andthepossibilityofregionalismunderminingnationalunity.3.Theruleoflawcanbestrengthenedinacountrybyensuringthatlawsareclear,public,andappliedequallytoallcitizens.Thiscanbeachievedbyestablishingindepen