2026年新高考英語詞義猜測專項(xiàng)試卷（附答案可下載）本試卷滿分100分，考試時(shí)間40分鐘。答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在答題卡指定位置。所有答案必須寫在答題卡對應(yīng)區(qū)域，寫在本試卷上無效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。答題說明：本試卷聚焦新高考英語詞義猜測專項(xiàng)，共5大題，涵蓋記敘文、說明文、議論文、應(yīng)用文四大文體，核心考查考生根據(jù)上下文語境、邏輯關(guān)系（轉(zhuǎn)折、因果、舉例等）、構(gòu)詞法、生活常識等推測生詞、短語、指代內(nèi)容及句意的能力，題型包括單項(xiàng)選擇（單詞猜測）、單項(xiàng)選擇（短語猜測）、指代內(nèi)容猜測、句意猜測、語篇綜合猜測，總分100分。題目難度契合2026新高考考綱要求，需掌握“語境分析、邏輯推理、構(gòu)詞輔助”的解題技巧，確保猜測結(jié)果符合原文語義與邏輯。第一題單項(xiàng)選擇（單詞猜測）（25分，每小題2.5分）閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)上下文語境、邏輯關(guān)系或構(gòu)詞法，從A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出劃線單詞含義最貼切的一項(xiàng)（答案需貼合原文語境，杜絕脫離文本主觀猜測）。1.Passage1:Theoldmanhasapeculiarhabitofcollectingusedstamps.Hehaskeptthishobbyformorethan50years,andhiscollectionnowincludesover10,000stampsfromdifferentcountries.Noneofhisfamilymembersunderstandwhyhelikesthis,buttheyrespecthischoice.Theunderlinedword“peculiar”probablymeans______.(A.普通的B.奇怪的C.昂貴的D.危險(xiǎn)的)2.Passage2:Aftertheheavystorm,theroadwasobstructedbyfallentreesandbrokenbranches.Manycarscouldn’tpassthrough,sothetrafficpolicearrivedquicklytocleartheroadandrestoreorder.Theunderlinedword“obstructed”probablymeans______.(A.清理B.拓寬C.堵塞D.修復(fù))3.Passage3:Thescientistspentthreeyearsdoingexperimentstoverifyhistheory.Hetesteditrepeatedlyunderdifferentconditionsandfinallyprovedthathistheorywascorrectwithsufficientdata.Theunderlinedword“verify”probablymeans______.(A.質(zhì)疑B.驗(yàn)證C.放棄D.修改)4.Passage4:Thelittlegirlisverytimid.Everytimeshemeetsstrangers,shehidesbehindhermotheranddarenotsayaword.Hermotheroftenencourageshertobemorebraveandcommunicatewithothers.Theunderlinedword“timid”probablymeans______.(A.勇敢的B.害羞的C.活潑的D.聰明的)5.Passage5:Thefactoryhasintroducedadvancedtechnologytoimproveproductionefficiency.Nowitcanproduce500productsperhour,whichistwiceasmanyasbefore.Theunderlinedword“efficiency”probablymeans______.(A.效率B.質(zhì)量C.成本D.規(guī)模)6.Passage6:Thebookissopopularthatithasbeenreprintedmanytimes.Sinceitspublicationlastyear,ithassoldmorethanonemillioncopiesinourcountryalone.Theunderlinedword“reprinted”probablymeans______.(A.修訂B.再版C.翻譯D.推廣)7.Passage7:Thepatient’sconditioniscritical,sohewassenttotheintensivecareunitimmediately.Thedoctorsandnursesaredoingtheirbesttosavehislife.Theunderlinedword“critical”probablymeans______.(A.穩(wěn)定的B.輕微的C.危急的D.復(fù)雜的)8.Passage8:Theteacheraskedustosubmitourhomeworkbeforetheendoftheclass.Anyonewhofailstohanditinontimewillbeaskedtoexplainthereason.Theunderlinedword“submit”probablymeans______.(A.完成B.檢查C.提交D.訂正)9.Passage9:Thecityhaslaunchedacampaigntoeliminateairpollution.Measuressuchaslimitingthenumberofcarsontheroadandclosingpollutingfactorieshavebeentaken.Theunderlinedword“eliminate”probablymeans______.(A.減少B.消除C.監(jiān)測D.忍受)10.Passage10:Theboyhasaphotographicmemory.Hecanremembereverydetailofwhatheseesandhears,evenifitwasonlyoncealongtimeago.Theunderlinedword“photographic”probablymeans______.(A.模糊的B.持久的C.攝影的D.過目不忘的)第二題單項(xiàng)選擇（短語猜測）（25分，每小題2.5分）閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)上下文語境、邏輯關(guān)系或固定搭配，從A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出劃線短語含義最貼切的一項(xiàng)（答案需精準(zhǔn)匹配原文語義，符合上下文邏輯）。1.Passage1:Whentheteacherannouncedthegoodnews,allthestudentsjumpedforjoy.Theycheeredloudlyandhuggedeachothertoexpresstheirexcitement.Theunderlinedphrase“jumpedforjoy”probablymeans______.(A.欣喜若狂B.驚慌失措C.猶豫不決D.無動于衷)2.Passage2:Don’tgiveupeasilywhenyouencounterdifficulties.Ifyousticktoit,youwillfinallyachieveyourgoalsandsucceedintheend.Theunderlinedphrase“sticktoit”probablymeans______.(A.放棄B.堅(jiān)持C.逃避D.調(diào)整)3.Passage3:Thenewstudentfeltlikeafishoutofwateronhisfirstdayatschool.Hedidn’tknowanyoneanddidn’tknowhowtofitinwithhisclassmates.Theunderlinedphrase“afishoutofwater”probablymeans______.(A.格格不入B.游刃有余C.生機(jī)勃勃D.膽小如鼠)4.Passage4:Themanageraskedustofinishtheprojectassoonaspossible,sowehavetoburnthemidnightoilthisweek.Wewillworklateeverynighttomeetthedeadline.Theunderlinedphrase“burnthemidnightoil”probablymeans______.(A.熬夜工作B.浪費(fèi)時(shí)間C.放松休息D.加班加薪)5.Passage5:Afterthelongjourney,wefinallyarrivedatthedestinationsafeandsound.Everyonewastiredbuthappybecausewehadawonderfultrip.Theunderlinedphrase“safeandsound”probablymeans______.(A.興高采烈B.安然無恙C.疲憊不堪D.如期而至)6.Passage6:Thelittleboytookafterhisfatherverymuch.Theyhavethesameappearance,personalityandevenhobbies.Theunderlinedphrase“tookafter”probablymeans______.(A.照顧B.模仿C.像D.繼承)7.Passage7:Beforemakingadecision,youshouldthinktwice.Don’tmakeahastychoicethatyouwillregretlater.Theunderlinedphrase“thinktwice”probablymeans______.(A.反復(fù)思考B.猶豫不決C.征求意見D.迅速決定)8.Passage8:Theoldcouplehasbeenlookingforwardtotheirson’sreturnforalongtime.Theypreparehisfavoritefoodeverydayandwaitforhimatthedoor.Theunderlinedphrase“l(fā)ookingforwardto”probablymeans______.(A.擔(dān)心B.期待C.忘記D.回憶)9.Passage9:Theteamlostthegame,buttheydidn’tloseheart.Theydecidedtotrainharderandtrytheirbesttowinthenextgame.Theunderlinedphrase“l(fā)oseheart”probablymeans______.(A.灰心喪氣B.失去信心C.受傷D.認(rèn)輸)10.Passage10:Theteachertoldustopayattentiontothedetailsinthepassage,becausetheyholdthekeytosolvingtheproblem.Theunderlinedphrase“holdthekeyto”probablymeans______.(A.掌握……的關(guān)鍵B.忽視……的重要性C.遇到……的困難D.找到……的方法)第三題指代內(nèi)容猜測（20分，每小題4分）閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)上下文語境，推測劃線指代詞（it、they、this、that、these、those等）所指代的具體內(nèi)容，用簡潔準(zhǔn)確的語言作答（答案需精準(zhǔn)匹配原文指代對象，不超過20詞）。1.Passage1:Thenewlibraryopenedlastmonth.Itislocatedinthecenterofthecityandhasalargecollectionofbooks.Manycitizensgotheretoreadandstudyeveryday.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“It”referto?________________________________________________2.Passage2:SomestudentsfinditdifficulttolearnEnglishgrammar.Theythinkitistoocomplicatedandhardtoremember.Infact,withmorepractice,itwillbecomeeasier.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“They”referto?________________________________________________3.Passage3:Thegovernmenthasintroducedanewpolicytohelpthepoor.Thispolicyincludesprovidingfinancialsupportandjobtrainingforthem.Itisexpectedtoimprovetheirlivingconditions.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“This”referto?________________________________________________4.Passage4:Mymotherboughtsomeapplesyesterday.Theyarefreshandsweet.Iatetwoofthemthismorningandplantosharetherestwithmyfriends.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“them”referto?________________________________________________5.Passage5:Thescientistinventedanewmachine.Itcanhelpfarmerssavealotoftimeandenergyinfarming.Thosewhohaveuseditallspeakhighlyofit.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“Those”referto?________________________________________________第四題句意猜測（20分，每小題4分）閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)上下文語境和邏輯關(guān)系，推測劃線句子的含義，從A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出最貼切的一項(xiàng)（答案需貼合句子本意及原文語境，不偏離文本核心）。1.Passage1:Tomfailedtheexamagain,buthisteachertoldhim,“Everycloudhasasilverlining.Youwillmakeprogressifyoukeepworkinghard.”Theunderlinedsentenceprobablymeans______.(A.失敗是成功之母B.烏云背后總有一線光明C.機(jī)不可失，時(shí)不再來D.一分耕耘，一分收獲)2.Passage2:Whenhisfriendaskedhimtohelpwiththeproject,Jacksaid,“I’muptomyearsinworknow.I’mafraidIcan’tspareanytime.”Theunderlinedsentenceprobablymeans______.(A.我工作很投入B.我耳朵不舒服C.我工作忙得不可開交D.我對工作很感興趣)3.Passage3:Theoldmanalwayssays,“Don’tputallyoureggsinonebasket.Youshoulddiversifyyourinvestmentstoavoidrisks.”Theunderlinedsentenceprobablymeans______.(A.不要把雞蛋放在一個籃子里B.做事要一心一意C.要學(xué)會分散風(fēng)險(xiǎn)D.要珍惜現(xiàn)有的東西)4.Passage4:Afterseeingthelittlegirlhelptheoldmancrosstheroad,hermothersaid,“Asmallactofkindnesscangoalongway.”Theunderlinedsentenceprobablymeans______.(A.善小而為之B.小善舉意義深遠(yuǎn)C.助人為樂D.千里之行，始于足下)5.Passage5:Whenthestudentcomplainedaboutthedifficultyofthetask,theteachersaid,“Nopain,nogain.Youwillgetwhatyoudeserveifyoudon’tgiveup.”Theunderlinedsentenceprobablymeans______.(A.不勞無獲B.苦盡甘來C.堅(jiān)持就是勝利D.有志者事竟成)第五題語篇綜合猜測（10分，每空2分）閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)上下文語境、邏輯關(guān)系和構(gòu)詞法，完成下面的詞義猜測題目（答案需簡潔準(zhǔn)確，符合原文語義與邏輯）。PassageInmodernsociety,moreandmorepeoplepayattentiontoenvironmentalprotection.Theytrytheirbesttoreducepollutionandprotectnaturalresources.Forexample,manypeoplechoosetouseeco-friendlyproductsinsteadofthosethatareharmfultotheenvironment.Theseproductsaremadeofnaturalmaterialsandcanbedecomposedeasilyafterbeingused.Somecommunitieshavesetuprecyclingstationstocollectwastepaper,plasticbottlesandotherrecyclablematerials.Volunteersinthecommunityhelpsortthesematerialsandsendthemtofactoriesforreuse.Thisnotonlyreduceswastebutalsosavesenergy.However,therearestillsomepeoplewhodon’tcareabouttheenvironment.Theylittereverywhereandusealotofdisposableproducts.Thiskindofbehaviorisdetrimentaltotheenvironmentandwillaffectthelivesoffuturegenerations.Weshouldallrealizetheimportanceofenvironmentalprotectionandtakeactiontoprotectourhome.Onlyinthiswaycanweliveinacleanandbeautifulworld.1.Theunderlinedword“eco-friendly”probablymeans______.（不超過5詞）2.Theunderlinedword“decomposed”probablymeans______.（不超過5詞）3.Theunderlinedword“recyclable”probablymeans______.（不超過5詞）4.Theunderlinedword“disposable”probablymeans______.（不超過5詞）5.Theunderlinedword“detrimental”probablymeans______.（不超過5詞）參考答案（可下載）本答案包含各題完整答案及詳細(xì)解析（單詞/短語猜測技巧、指代內(nèi)容定位方法、句意推測思路、構(gòu)詞法應(yīng)用、易錯點(diǎn)提醒等），可直接復(fù)制保存為PDF格式，方便打印復(fù)盤與專項(xiàng)突破。建議結(jié)合解析總結(jié)詞義猜測題核心解題思路，針對性提升語境解讀與邏輯推理能力，助力2026年新高考備考。第一題單項(xiàng)選擇（單詞猜測）（25分）1.B解析：上下文“家人都不理解他為什么喜歡收集舊郵票”，可推測“peculiar”意為“奇怪的”；A（普通的）與“家人不理解”矛盾，C（昂貴的）、D（危險(xiǎn)的）無原文依據(jù)，故選B。2.C解析：上下文“暴風(fēng)雨后，路上有倒下的樹和樹枝，很多車無法通過”，可推測“obstructed”意為“堵塞”；A（清理）、B（拓寬）、D（修復(fù)）與“車無法通過”矛盾，故選C。3.B解析：上下文“科學(xué)家反復(fù)實(shí)驗(yàn)，用足夠的數(shù)據(jù)證明理論正確”，可推測“verify”意為“驗(yàn)證”；A（質(zhì)疑）、C（放棄）與“證明理論正確”矛盾，D（修改）無原文依據(jù)，故選B。4.B解析：上下文“遇到陌生人就躲在媽媽身后，不敢說話，媽媽鼓勵她更勇敢”，可推測“timid”意為“害羞的”；A（勇敢的）與原文相反，C（活潑的）、D（聰明的）無原文依據(jù)，故選B。5.A解析：上下文“引入先進(jìn)技術(shù)后，每小時(shí)產(chǎn)量是以前的兩倍”，可推測“efficiency”意為“效率”；B（質(zhì)量）、C（成本）、D（規(guī)模）未體現(xiàn)“產(chǎn)量提升”的核心，故選A。6.B解析：上下文“書很受歡迎，去年出版后賣了一百萬冊”，可推測“reprinted”意為“再版”；A（修訂）、C（翻譯）、D（推廣）無原文依據(jù)，故選B。7.C解析：上下文“病人被立即送往重癥監(jiān)護(hù)室，醫(yī)生護(hù)士全力搶救”，可推測“critical”意為“危急的”；A（穩(wěn)定的）、B（輕微的）與“送重癥監(jiān)護(hù)室”矛盾，D（復(fù)雜的）未體現(xiàn)“緊急”，故選C。8.C解析：上下文“未按時(shí)交作業(yè)的人要說明原因”，可推測“submit”意為“提交”；A（完成）、B（檢查）、D（訂正）與“交作業(yè)”不符，故選C。9.B解析：上下文“采取限制車輛、關(guān)閉污染工廠等措施”，可推測“eliminate”意為“消除”；A（減少）程度較輕，C（監(jiān)測）、D（忍受）與措施目的矛盾，故選B。10.D解析：上下文“能記住所見所聞的每一個細(xì)節(jié)，即使是很久以前的一次”，可推測“photographic”意為“過目不忘的”；A（模糊的）與原文相反，B（持久的）未體現(xiàn)“細(xì)節(jié)記憶”，C（攝影的）為字面意思，故選D。第二題單項(xiàng)選擇（短語猜測）（25分）1.A解析：上下文“老師宣布好消息，學(xué)生們大聲歡呼、互相擁抱”，可推測“jumpedforjoy”意為“欣喜若狂”；B（驚慌失措）、C（猶豫不決）、D（無動于衷）與原文情緒相反，故選A。2.B解析：上下文“遇到困難別輕易放棄，最終會實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)”，可推測“sticktoit”意為“堅(jiān)持”；A（放棄）與原文相反，C（逃避）、D（調(diào)整）無原文依據(jù)，故選B。3.A解析：上下文“新生第一天上學(xué)，不認(rèn)識任何人，不知道如何融入”，可推測“afishoutofwater”意為“格格不入”；B（游刃有余）與原文相反，C（生機(jī)勃勃）、D（膽小如鼠）無原文依據(jù)，故選A。4.A解析：上下文“經(jīng)理要求盡快完成項(xiàng)目，要每晚工作到很晚以趕截止日期”，可推測“burnthemidnightoil”意為“熬夜工作”；B（浪費(fèi)時(shí)間）、C（放松休息）與原文相反，D（加班加薪）無原文依據(jù)，故選A。5.B解析：上下文“長途旅行后，大家很累但很開心，因?yàn)槁猛竞苡淇臁保赏茰y“safeandsound”意為“安然無恙”；A（興高采烈）、C（疲憊不堪）是旅途后的狀態(tài)，D（如期而至）無原文依據(jù)，故選B。6.C解析：上下文“他們有相同的外貌、性格和愛好”，可推測“tookafter”意為“像”；A（照顧）、B（模仿）、D（繼承）無原文依據(jù)，故選C。7.A解析：上下文“別做草率的選擇，以免以后后悔”，可推測“thinktwice”意為“反復(fù)思考”；B（猶豫不決）、C（征求意見）、D（迅速決定）與原文相反，故選A。8.B解析：上下文“老夫婦每天準(zhǔn)備兒子愛吃的食物，在門口等他”，可推測“l(fā)ookingforwardto”意為“期待”；A（擔(dān)心）、C（忘記）、D（回憶）與原文不符，故選B。9.A解析：上下文“球隊(duì)輸了比賽，但決定更努力訓(xùn)練，爭取下次贏”，可推測“l(fā)oseheart”意為“灰心喪氣”；B（失去信心）程度過重，C（受傷）、D（認(rèn)輸）無原文依據(jù)，故選A。10.A解析：上下文“要注意文章細(xì)節(jié)，因?yàn)樗鼈兪墙鉀Q問題的關(guān)鍵”，可推測“holdthekeyto”意為“掌握……的關(guān)鍵”；B（忽視……的重要性）與原文相反，C（遇到……的困難）、D（找到……的方法）無原文依據(jù)，故選A。第三題指代內(nèi)容猜測（20分）1.Thenewlibrary.解析：前文提到“新圖書館上個月開放了”，后文“它位于市中心”，“It”指代前文的“thenewlib