2025年P(guān)LIDAB1閱讀模擬試題集：附文化背景知識與真題分析考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______一、閱讀下列短文，回答問題。Theconceptof"hygge"(pronouncedhoo-gah),aDanishwordthattranslatesroughlytocozinessorcomfort,hasgainedsignificanttractiongloballyinrecentyears.Whileoftenassociatedwiththecountry'sfamouslymildwinters,hyggeismorethanjustaseasonalphenomenon;it'salifestylechoicethatemphasizescreatingawarm,inviting,andcomfortableatmospherethroughsimplepleasures.It'saboutfindingjoyinthesmallthings,fosteringasenseofwell-being,andspendingqualitytimewithlovedones.Centraltothehyggephilosophyistheideaofcreatingasenseofcozinessthroughlight,color,andtexture.Softlighting,whetherfromcandles,lamps,orfairylights,isbelievedtocreateacalmingambiance.Warmcolors,likereds,oranges,andyellows,areoftenusedtoevokefeelingsofcomfortandhappiness.Textures,too,playakeyrole;thinkplushblankets,softrugs,andwarmthrows,allcontributingtoatactilesenseofcomfort.Foodanddrinkarealsointegralcomponentsofthehyggeexperience.Sharingameal,whetherit'sasimplehomemadedinneroraselectionofdelicioustreats,isseenasawaytoconnectwithothersandcreatelastingmemories.Coffee,tea,andhotchocolateareoftenenjoyedinabundance,contributingtotheoverallfeelingofwarmthandrelaxation.Theemphasisisonqualityoverquantity;it'sthesharedexperienceandthewarmthofthemomentthattrulymatter.Hyggeisalsoaboutembracingthesimplepleasuresinlife.Thiscouldinvolvereadingagoodbook,listeningtomusic,takingarelaxingbath,orsimplyenjoyingthecompanyoffriendsandfamily.It'saboutslowingdownandappreciatingthepresentmoment,ratherthanconstantlyworryingaboutthefutureordwellingonthepast.Thismindfulapproachtolifeisbelievedtocontributesignificantlytooverallhappinessandwell-being.Whilehyggemayseemlikeasimpleconcept,itsprinciplescanbeappliedtoalmostanysituationorsetting.Whetheryouliveinacoldclimateorawarmone,whetheryoupreferthecompanyofothersorenjoysolitude,therearewaystoincorporatehyggeintoyourlife.It'saboutfindingwhatbringsyoujoyandcomfort,andcreatingaspacewhereyoucantrulyrelaxandbeyourself.1.Accordingtothepassage,whatistheprimarypurposeofhygge?2.Whatroledolight,color,andtextureplayincreatingahyggeatmosphere?3.Howdofoodanddrinkcontributetothehyggeexperience?4.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestaboutthepracticeofhygge?5.Howmightsomeoneincorporatetheprinciplesofhyggeintotheirdailylife,regardlessoftheirpersonalpreferencesorlivingconditions?二、閱讀下列短文，回答問題。Theriseofartificialintelligence(AI)hassparkedconsiderabledebateacrossvarioussectors,fromindustryandacademiatogovernmentandthearts.Proponentshighlightitspotentialtorevolutionizenumerousfields,offeringunprecedentedefficiency,innovation,andproblem-solvingcapabilities.TheypointtoAI'sroleinadvancingmedicaldiagnoses,optimizinglogisticaloperations,enhancingcreativeprocesses,andevencontributingtoscientificdiscoveriesthatwerepreviouslyunimaginable.TheabilityofAIsystemstoanalyzevastdatasetsatspeedsunattainablebyhumanspresentsacompellingcasefortheirintegrationintoourincreasinglycomplexworld.However,thistechnologicaladvancementisnotwithoutitscritics.Concernsaboundregardingthepotentialdisplacementofhumanworkers,asAIsystemscapableofperformingroutinetasksbecomemoresophisticated.Ethicalconsiderationsalsoloomlarge,particularlyconcerningdataprivacy,algorithmicbias,andthepotentialformisuseofAItechnologiesbymaliciousactorsorgovernments.TherearefearsthatAIcouldexacerbateexistingsocialinequalities,forinstance,byperpetuatingbiasespresentintrainingdataorbybeingaccessibleonlytothosewithsignificantresources.Furthermore,thelong-termimplicationsforhumanautonomyanddecision-makingareraised,asrelianceonAIcouldpotentiallydiminishcriticalthinkingskillsandhumanjudgment.TheimpactofAIonemploymentisasignificantpointofcontention.WhilesomearguethatAIwillprimarilyautomatejobsfocusedonrepetitivemanualorcognitivetasks,leadingtothecreationofnewrolesrequiringdifferentskillsets,otherscontendthattheneteffectcouldbejoblossonasignificantscale.Thisuncertaintycreatesanxietyaboutthefutureworkforceandtheneedforsubstantialsocietaladaptation,includingpotentiallyradicalshiftsineducationandtrainingsystemstoprepareindividualsforanAI-driveneconomy.Addressingthesechallengesrequiresamultifacetedapproachinvolvingpolicymakers,technologists,educators,andthepublic.DevelopingrobustethicalframeworksandregulationsiscrucialtoguidetheresponsibledevelopmentanddeploymentofAI.PromotingtransparencyinAIalgorithmsandensuringfairnessisessentialtomitigatebias.Investingineducationandreskillingprogramscanhelpworkersadapttoevolvingjobmarkets.Additionally,fosteringpublicdiscourseandunderstandingaboutAIisvitaltonavigateitssocietalimpacteffectively.ThefuturetrajectoryofAIwilllikelydependheavilyonourcollectiveabilitytomanagethesecomplexchallengesproactively.6.Whatisthemainideaofthepassageregardingartificialintelligence?7.Accordingtoproponents,whataresomeofthekeybenefitsofAI?8.WhataresomeoftheethicalconcernsassociatedwithAImentionedinthepassage?9.HowmightAIimpactthefutureworkforce,accordingtothepassage?10.WhatstepsaresuggestedinthepassagetoaddressthechallengespresentedbyAI?三、閱讀下列短文，回答問題。Intheheartofmanybustlingmoderncitiesliesagrowingconcernthatoftengoesunnoticed:theimpactofurbannoisepollution.Whiletheconstanthumoftraffic,constructionsites,andindustrialactivityformsthebackdropofcitylifeformillions,thecumulativeeffectofthisnoiseisprovingtobemorethanjustanannoyance;itposessignificantriskstohumanhealth,well-being,andevenenvironmentalquality.Unliketraditionalformsofpollutionlikeairorwatercontamination,noisepollutionisinvisibleandofteninaudibleinitssubtlestforms,yetitspervasivepresencecanhaveprofoundphysiologicalandpsychologicalconsequences.Thephysiologicaleffectsofnoisepollutionarewell-documentedandconcerning.Chronicexposuretoloudnoises,eventhoseconsideredbackgroundnoise,canleadtovarioushealthissues.Sleepdisruptionisperhapsthemostimmediateandwidelyrecognizedeffect;noisecanfragmentsleeppatterns,leadingtodifficultiesfallingasleep,frequentawakenings,andreducedoverallsleepquality,whichinturncancontributetofatigue,irritability,anddecreasedcognitivefunction.Beyondsleep,prolongedexposureislinkedtoincreasedbloodpressureandstresshormonelevels,potentiallyraisingtheriskofcardiovasculardiseasessuchashypertensionandheartattacks.Furthermore,noisecannegativelyimpactthenervoussystem,leadingtoheightenedstressresponsesandpotentiallyexacerbatingexistingmentalhealthconditions.Psychologically,thetollofnoisepollutionisequallysignificant.Continuousorirregularnoisecanbeamajorsourceofannoyance,reducingoverallqualityoflifeandimpactingmood.Itcanmakeconcentrationdifficult,hinderingproductivityinworkplacesandtheabilitytofocusonlearningtasksineducationalenvironments.Forchildren,exposuretoexcessivenoisecanaffectcognitivedevelopment,potentiallyimpactinglanguageacquisitionandacademicperformance.Theconstantsensoryinputcanalsocontributetoasenseofstressandoverwhelm,diminishingtherestorativequalitiesoftenassociatedwithurbanenvironments.Theimpactextendsbeyondindividualhealthtobroaderenvironmentalandsocialrealms.Noisepollutioncanmasknaturalsounds,diminishingpeople'sconnectiontothenaturalworld,whichisincreasinglyrecognizedforitsrestorativebenefits.Itcanalsodisruptwildlifecommunicationandbehavior,affectingecosystemswithinandaroundurbanareas.Effortstomitigatenoisepollutionarecrucialandcaninvolvevariousstrategies,fromurbanplanningthatincorporatesnoisebarriersandgreenspacestothedevelopmentofquietermachineryandvehicles,andimplementingregulationstocontrolnoiselevelsinresidentialareasandduringnighttimehours.Recognizingthepervasivenatureofthis"silent"threatisthefirststeptowardcreatinghealthier,morelivablecities.11.Whatisthecentralthemeofthepassageregardingurbannoisepollution?12.Accordingtothepassage,whataresomeofthephysiologicaleffectsofchronicnoiseexposure?13.Howdoesnoisepollutionimpactcognitivefunctions,asmentionedinthetext?14.Whatissuggestedasaconsequenceofnoisepollutionmaskingnaturalsounds?15.Whatstrategiesarementionedinthepassageformitigatingtheeffectsofnoisepollution?試卷答案一、1.根據(jù)文章，hygge的主要目的是創(chuàng)造一種溫暖、邀請和舒適的氛圍，通過簡單的樂趣來培養(yǎng)幸福感，并花時間與所愛的人在一起。解析思路：問題詢問hygge的主要目的。文章第一段明確指出，hygge是一種生活方式，強調(diào)通過簡單的樂趣創(chuàng)造溫暖、邀請和舒適的氛圍，培養(yǎng)幸福感，并花時間與所愛的人在一起。這些句子共同構(gòu)成了hygge的核心概念和目標。2.光線、顏色和紋理在創(chuàng)造hygge氛圍中扮演著角色，通過柔和的光線、溫暖的色彩和豐富的紋理來營造一種舒適和放松的環(huán)境。解析思路：問題詢問光線、顏色和紋理在hygge氛圍中的作用。文章第三段詳細闡述了這一點，指出柔和的光線（如蠟燭、臺燈、仙女燈）、溫暖的色彩（如紅色、橙色、黃色）和豐富的紋理（如厚毯子、柔軟的地毯、溫暖的披肩）都有助于創(chuàng)造舒適和放松的氛圍，是hygge哲學的重要組成部分。3.食物和飲料通過促進社交互動和共享體驗，為hygge體驗做出了貢獻，強調(diào)共同進餐和享受熱飲帶來的溫暖和聯(lián)系感。解析思路：問題詢問食物和飲料如何為hygge體驗做出貢獻。文章第三段說明，食物和飲料是hygge體驗的不可或缺的部分。共享餐食（無論是家常菜還是美味小食）被視為與他人建立聯(lián)系和創(chuàng)造美好回憶的方式。咖啡、茶和熱巧克力的大量飲用也促進了整體上的溫暖和放松感。重點在于分享的體驗和溫暖的時刻，而不是食物本身。4.作者認為hygge的實踐在于其簡單性，它強調(diào)從日常小事中尋找快樂和舒適，關(guān)注當下，并提倡一種專注和享受當前時刻的明智生活方式。解析思路：問題詢問作者對hygge實踐的看法。文章第四段指出，hygge不僅僅是一種季節(jié)性的現(xiàn)象，更是一種生活方式選擇，它強調(diào)通過簡單的樂趣來創(chuàng)造溫暖、邀請和舒適的氛圍。作者提到，hygge涉及到享受閱讀好書、聽音樂、泡個熱水澡或僅僅是享受朋友和家人陪伴的簡單快樂。這表明hygge的實踐在于其簡單性，并提倡一種專注和享受當前時刻的明智生活方式。5.無論個人偏好或居住條件如何，人們可以通過關(guān)注創(chuàng)造舒適環(huán)境、享受簡單樂趣以及與他人建立聯(lián)系來將hygge原則融入日常生活。解析思路：問題詢問如何將hygge原則融入日常生活。文章最后一段指出，hygge的概念可以應用于任何情況或環(huán)境。無論你住在哪里或你喜歡什么，都有方法可以將hygge融入你的生活。文章建議找到能給你帶來快樂和舒適的東西，并創(chuàng)造一個讓你能真正放松和做自己的空間。這表明將hygge原則融入日常生活的方法包括關(guān)注創(chuàng)造舒適環(huán)境、享受簡單樂趣以及與他人建立聯(lián)系。二、6.文章關(guān)于人工智能的主要思想是，它既帶來了巨大的潛力和益處，也引發(fā)了一系列嚴峻的挑戰(zhàn)和擔憂，需要社會各界的共同努力來應對。解析思路：問題詢問文章關(guān)于人工智能的主要思想。文章從支持者和批評者兩個角度全面探討了人工智能的影響。第一段和第二段分別闡述了人工智能的潛力和風險。第三段討論了就業(yè)影響。第四段提出了應對挑戰(zhàn)的方案。因此，文章的主要思想是人工智能既帶來了機遇也帶來了挑戰(zhàn)，需要認真對待。7.根據(jù)支持者，人工智能的一些關(guān)鍵好處包括提高效率、促進創(chuàng)新、增強解決問題的能力，以及在醫(yī)療診斷、物流優(yōu)化、創(chuàng)意過程和科學發(fā)現(xiàn)等領(lǐng)域發(fā)揮革命性作用。解析思路：問題詢問支持者認為人工智能的一些關(guān)鍵好處。文章第二段明確列出了人工智能的好處，包括提高效率、促進創(chuàng)新、增強解決問題的能力。具體例子也在該段和第一段提到，如用于先進醫(yī)療診斷、優(yōu)化物流運營、增強創(chuàng)意過程以及促進科學發(fā)現(xiàn)。8.文章中提到的與人工智能相關(guān)的倫理擔憂包括數(shù)據(jù)隱私問題、算法偏見的風險以及人工智能技術(shù)被惡意行為者或政府濫用的可能性。解析思路：問題詢問文章中提到的與人工智能相關(guān)的倫理擔憂。文章第二段明確提到了幾個倫理擔憂：數(shù)據(jù)隱私問題、算法偏見以及人工智能技術(shù)被惡意行為者或政府濫用的可能性。這些都是與人工智能發(fā)展相關(guān)的重大倫理挑戰(zhàn)。9.根據(jù)文章，人工智能可能會對未來的勞動力產(chǎn)生重大影響，既有可能自動化現(xiàn)有工作崗位導致失業(yè)，也有可能創(chuàng)造新的工作崗位，需要勞動力適應技能的轉(zhuǎn)變。解析思路：問題詢問人工智能如何影響未來的勞動力。文章第三段專門討論了人工智能對就業(yè)的影響。該段指出，人工智能可能會自動化重復性的手動或認知任務，從而導致一些工作崗位的流失，但也可能