第1題ThephysicalandchemicalpropertiesofthenormalbodyenvironmentarealwaysintherangeofAfixedBrandomCabsolutelyconstantDrelativelystableEdrasticfluctuations第2題ThemostactivepartoffluidsfromallpartsofthebodyisAICFBtissuefluidCplasmaDlymphaticECSF第3題TheinternalenvironmentoftheorganismisAintracellularfluidBextracellularfluidCintracellularspaceDinterstitialspaceEblood第4題ConditionedreflexbelongstoApositivefeedbackregulatingBnegativefeedbackregulatingCautoregulationDfeedforwardcontrolEnoneofaboveistrue第5題ThebasicwayofNeuromodulationisAreflectionBreflectedfeedbackCfeedforwardDpositivefeedbackEnegativefeedback第6題Whenthebodyisinastateofemergency,secretionofepinephrineandnorepinephrinebelongstoAsystemichumoralregulationBlocalhumoralregulationCneuromodulationDautoregulationEneuro-humoralregulation正確答案：E第7題()belongstopositivefeedbackregulationAbloodcoagulationBantihypertensivereflexCtemperatureregulationDregulationofgastricacidityongastrichydrochloricacidsecretionEregulationofbloodcalciumconcentrationonPTHsecretion第8題Increasedinsulinsecretionaftermealscontributestothestabilizationofbloodsugarlevels,

andthisformofhormonalactionbelongstoAautocrineBhormonetelepathicCparacrineDneurosecretoryEautoregulation第9題FeedonfanciesbelongstoA

conditionedreflexesB

humoralregulationCunconditionedreflexesDautoregulation第10題Whenthemeanarterialpressurefluctuatesinacertainrange,thestabilizationoftherenalbloodflowbelongstoAconditionedreflexesBhumoralregulationCunconditionedreflexesDautoregulation第11題InsulinsecretedbyBcellswhichistolowerbloodsugarbelongstoA

conditionedreflexesBhumoralregulationCunconditionedreflexesDautoregulation第12題ThecharacteristicofneuromodulationisthatArapidreactionspeedBaccuraterangeofactionCshortdurationofaction;Dthemostimportantregulationmodeofthebody正確答案：ABDC第13題ThecharacteristicofhumoralregulationisthatAslowspeedBlongdurationCpreciseeffectDwiderangeofeffects正確答案：ABD第14題ThecharacteristicsofnegativefeedbackregulationareArepeatedinaclosedloopBfluctuatedCrepeataroundasetpointDmaintainbodyhomeostasis正確答案：ABCD第15題ThecharacteristicsofpositivefeedbackregulationareAproducesA"snowball"effectBusuallyworkslocallyandintheshorttermCThereisnoefficacyincorrectingdeviations.Dpathologicalconditionsoftenleadtoaviciouscircle正確答案：ABCD第16題WhichofthefollowingphysiologicalfunctionsbelongtonegativefeedbackcontrolATheriseofbloodsugarcausesthesecretionofinsulin.BExcessivegastricacidinhibitsthesecretionofgastricjuiceCIodinedeficiencyleadstogoiter.DIncreasedaldosteroneleadstodecreasedbloodK+正確答案：ABC第17題WhichofthefollowingphysiologicalprocesseshaspositivefeedbackregulationAurinationanddefecationreflexBNa+flowintheactionpotentialdepolarizationphaseofnervecellsCbloodcoagulationprocessDdeliveryprocess正確答案：ACDB第18題WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutfeedforwardiscorrectAfeedforwardispredictiveBfeedforwardcontrolsometimesfailsCfeedforwardhasthecharacteristicsofhysteresisandfluctuationDfeedforwardinformationreachesthecontrolpartbeforethefeedbackinformation正確答案：ADB第1題TheindexusuallyusedtomeasurethelevelofexcitementofanorganizationisAThresholdpotentialBTimevalueCThresholdintensityDStimulusintensitychangerateEFrequencyofstimulation第2題Theprocessofskeletalmusclecellmembranepotentialchangingfrom-80mVto-30mViscalledAHyperpolarizationBDepolarizationCRepolarizationDDepolarizationEOvershoot第3題Underquietconditions,thecellmembraneismorepermeabletowhichions()AK+BNa+CCa2+DCl-EH+第4題WhentheK+equilibriumpotentialisreached,thecellmembrane()ATheK+concentrationgradientonbothsidesiszeroBTheK+concentrationontheoutsideishigherthantheinsideofthemembraneCThepotentialgradientonbothsidesiszeroDThenetoutflowofK+iszeroEThepotentialinsidethemembraneisrelativelypositivecomparedtotheoutsideofthemembrane第5題Thedescriptionoftheprincipleofneuronactionpotentialiscorrect()ATheconcentrationofNa+insidethecellishigherthanthatoutsidethemembraneBWhenthecellsarestimulatedandexcited,Na+channelsopentocauseNa+outflowCAlargeamountofNa+outflowmakesapositivepotentialoutsidethemembraneandanegativepotentialinsidethemembraneDWhentheequilibriumpotentialofNa+isreached,theoutflowofNa+stopsETheNa+channelisinactivated,theK+channelisfurtheropened,andtheactionpotentialnaturallydrops.正確答案：E第6題Themainpartofnervecellactionpotentialis()AThresholdpotentialBSpikepotentialCLocalpotentialDNegativeposteriorpotentialEPositiveposteriorpotential第7題Whenexcitedthroughtheneuro-skeletalmusclejunction,acetylcholinebindstothetwoα-subunitsoftheN2typecholinergicreceptorontheendplatemembrane,makingtheendplatemembrane()AIncreasedpermeabilitytoNa+andK+,hyperpolarizationoccursBIncreasedpermeabilitytoNa+andK+anddepolarizationoccursCPermeabilityincreasesonlyforK+,hyperpolarizationoccursDPermeabilityincreasesonlyforCa2+,depolarizationoccursEAcetylcholinepermeabilityincreases,hyperpolarizationoccurs第8題Thebasicstructuralandcontractilefunctionalunitsinskeletalmusclecellsare()AMyofibrilBMyocelesCMusclefiberDThickmusclefilamentEThinmusclefilament第9題Theblockingagentthatcanblocktheexcitatorytransmissionatthenerve-musclejunctionis()AAmericandartpoisonBpufferfishpoisonCtetraethylammoniumDatropineEverapamil第10題Regardingthecharacteristicsoflocalpotential,whichofthefollowingiswrong?()AThemagnitudeofthepotentialchangeswiththeintensityofthestimulusBcanbesummedCnorefractoryperiodDallornonephenomenaESpreadingintheformofelectrictension第11題ThesarcomerelengthcorrespondingtotheoptimalinitiallengthofskeletalmuscleisA0.75～1.0μmB1.0

～

1.5μmC1.5

～

2.0μmD2.0

～

2.2μmE2.5μmormore第12題Whenlowtemperature,hypoxiaormetabolicinhibitorsaffecttheNa+-K+pumpactivityofcells,itwillcause()ATherestingpotentialincreasesandtheamplitudeoftheactionpotentialdecreasesBTherestingpotentialdecreasesandtheamplitudeoftheactionpotentialincreasesCTherestingpotentialincreasesandtheamplitudeoftheactionpotentialincreasesDTherestingpotentialdecreasesandtheamplitudeoftheactionpotentialdecreasesENeitherrestingpotentialnoractionpotentialisaffectedQuestiontypeB第13題Renaltubulereabsorptionofaminoacidsbelongsto()ASimplediffusionBFacilitatediffusionCPrimaryactivetransshipmentDExocytosisESecondaryactivetransit正確答案：E第14題GastricmucosalwallcellssecreteH+()ASimplediffusionBFacilitatediffusionCPrimaryactivetransshipmentDExocytosisESecondaryactivetransit第15題Onthebasisofrestingpotential,thenegativevalueofmembranepotentialincreases,whichiscalled()APolarizationBDepolarizationCRepolarizationDHyperpolarizationEDepolarization第16題Theformationofrestingpotentialismainlydueto()AK+inflowBCl-inflowCNa+inflowDK+outflowECa2+influx第17題Excitementistransmittedthroughunmyelinatednervefibers()ALocalcurrentBJumpconductionCChemicaltransmissionDElectrictensionspreadEElectro-chemicaltransfer第18題Whentheintervalofcontinuousstimulationisgreaterthanthesystolicperiodandlessthanthesinglecontractionwhichofthefollowingwillappear()AAsinglecontractionBAseriesofsinglecontractionsCIncompleterigiditycontractionDCompletetoniccontractionENocontractionresponse第19題Therepolarizationphaseoftheactionpotentialofnervecells,theactivityoftheelectrogenicsodiumpumpcancausethemembranetotemporarilyhyperpolarize()ASpikeBThresholdpotentialCLocalexcitementDPost-depolarizationpotential(negativepost-potential)EPost-hyperpolarizationpotential(positivepost-potential)正確答案：E第20題Thebasicconditionforexcitementcausedbystimulationistodepolarizethemembranepotential()ASpikeBThresholdpotentialCLocalexcitementDPost-depolarizationpotential(negativepost-potential)EPost-hyperpolarizationpotential(positivepost-potential)章節(jié)測(cè)試第1題Thebody'sintracellularfluidisusuallyidenticaltothetissuefluid()ANa+concentrationBK+concentrationCCl-concentrationDcolloidosmoticpressureEtotalosmoticpressure正確答案：E第2題Thefluidvolumeandbloodvolumeofahealthyadultweighing50Kgarerespectively()A30Land2.5LB25Land2.5LC30Land4LD25Land3LE20Land4L第3題Thespecificgravityofwholebloodismainlydeterminedby()AplasmaproteincontentBosmoticpressureCredbloodcellcountDwhitebloodcellcountENaClconcentration第4題Whichofthefollowingisnotaphysiologicalfunctionofplasmaproteins()AtransportO2andCO2BbufferfunctionCparticipateinphysiologicalhemostasisDparticipateintheimmunefunctionofthebodyEmaintainplasmacolloidosmoticpressure第5題Plasmacrystalosmoticpressuremainlycomesfrom()AinorganicsaltsBglucoseCalbuminDNa+andCl-Efibrinogen第6題ThehighK+concentrationinplasmastoredatlowtemperatureforalongtimeisdueto()AhemolysisBsenescenceCerythrocytosisDlowglucosesupply.ENa+-K+pumpactivitydecreasedordisappeared正確答案：E第7題Themainfunctionofredbloodcellsis()AregulatebodytemperatureBtransporthormonesCtransportO2andCO2DmakebloodredEsupplyiron第8題Adecreaseintheratiooferythrocytesurfaceareatovolumemaycauseerythrocytes()AIncreaseindeformationBIncreaseinosmoticbrittlenessCIncreaseinsuspensionstabilityDdecreasedsedimentationrateEincreasedhemoglobincontent第9題Thecauseofmegaloblasticanemiainapatientaftermajorgastricresectionwastheimpairmentofabsorptionofthesubstance()AproteinBfolicacidCvitaminB12Dfate.iron第10題AspirininhibitsplateletaggregationandACTSmainlyon()AphospholipaseA2BthrombinsynthaseCthrombinDcyclooxygenaseEprostacyclinesynthase第11題Thrombocytopeniacausesplateletaggregationdisordersdueto()AGPIb/IX/VanomalyBvWFdeficiencyCGPIIb/IIIaanomalyDfibrinogendeficiencyECa2+deficiency第12題Thecommonpathwayofendogenousandexogenouscoagulationpathwaysbegins()AVBFVIIICFIXDFXEFXI第13題Thereasonwhythyroidsurgeryispronetobleedingisthatthethyroidglandcontainsmore()AplasmaactivatorBtissueactivatorCfibrinolyticenzymeDanti-fibrinolyticenzymeEfibrindegradationproduct第14題Whenredbloodcellscanonlybeagglutinatedbystandardanti-bserum,theirbloodtypeis()AOtypeBAtypeCBtypeDABtypeEUnabletodetermine第15題Theroleofplateletsinphysiologicalhemostasisis()AProvidephospholipidsurfaceforclottingfactors;BReleasefibrinogenCReleaseofvasoconstrictingsubstancesandvasoconstrictionDAdhesionandaggregationtoformplateletthrombus正確答案：ABCD第16題Whenthesmallbloodvesselsofnormalpeoplearedamaged,physiologichemostasisisrealizedthroughthefollowingprocesses()APlateletadhesiontothedamagedbloodvesselBPlateletaggregationtoformplateletthrombusCSmallbloodvesselsareconstrictedbyplateletsthatreleaseserotoninDformabloodclot正確答案：ABCD第17題Thereasonwhynormalblooddoesnotclotinthebloodvesselsisthat()AfastbloodflowBsmoothandcompletevascularintimaCfunctionoffibrinolysissystemDpresenceofnaturalanticoagulants正確答案：ABCD第18題Invitro,therearefactorsthatdelaycoagulationoranticoagulation()AaddheparintothebloodBaddpotassiumoxalateorammoniumoxalatetothebloodCaddwarfarintothebloodDcooldownappropriately正確答案：ABCD第19題Therearewaystoacceleratebloodclotting()AVitaminKinjectionbeforesurgeryBHeparininjectionCapplywarmsalinegauzetostopbleedingduringsurgeryDincreasingtheconcentrationofCa2+intheblood正確答案：ACD第20題Whichofthefollowingconditionscanacceleratebloodsedimentation()ARedbloodcellsofpatientswithacceleratedsedimentationwereimplantedintonormalplasmaBIncreasedfibrinogeninthebloodCincreasedalbumininthebloodDincreasedglobulinintheblood正確答案：BD章節(jié)測(cè)試第1題Inwhichoneofthefollowingperiods,ventricularpressureincreasefastest?()ArapidfillingperiodBrapidejectionperiodCisovolumiccontractionperiodDreducedejectionphaseEdecreasedfillingphase第2題Whenheartrateislessthan40beats/min,thecardiacoutputdecreased.Thisisdueto()AreducedmyocardialcontractilityBinadequatecardiacreliefCinadequateventricularfillingDventricularfillingisclosetothelimitEejectionreduction第3題Aorticvalveclosurebeginsat()AatthebeginningofisovolumiccontractionphaseBatthebeginningofisovolumicrelaxationphaseCattheendofisovolumicrelaxationphaseDatthebeginningofrapidfillingphaseEatthebeginningofrapidejection第4題Thefirstcardiacsoundismainlyproducedby()Aatrialcontraction,openingofatrioventricularvalveBVibrationcausedbyventricularrelaxationCVentricularcontractionandatrioventricularvalveclosurecausevibrationofventricularbloodandventricularwallDVibrationcausedbytheclosureofthearterialvalveduringrelaxationofventriclesEVibrationcausedbybloodimpingingontheaorticvalve第5題Thecardiacindexisequalto()AStrokeoutputbodysurfaceareaBStrokeoutput/bodysurfaceareaCcardiacoutputbodysurfaceareaD(heartratebodysurfacearea)/cardiacoutputE(heartratestrokevolume)/bodysurfacearea正確答案：E第6題Ectopicautoregulationregulatesthepumpingfunctionoftheheartbychanging()AaveragearterialpressureBheartratereserveCheartreserveDventricularend-systolicvolumeEventricularend-diastolicvolume正確答案：E第7題Thecardiacfunctioncurveofpatientswithheartfailureislocatedin______ofthenormalcardiacfunctioncurve()AlowerleftBupperleftCleftDrightElowerright正確答案：E第8題Theplateauofventricularmyocyteactionpotentialistheresultof_____transmembraneflow()ANa+inflow,Cl-outflowBNa+inflow,Ca2+outflowCc2+inflow,K+outflowDK+inflow,Ca2+outflowENa+inflow,Cl-inflow第9題Thereasonforthecompensationlullafterpretermcontractionisthat()AdelayedreleaseofrhythmicexcitationinthesinoatrialnodeBTherhythmicexcitabilityofthesinoatrialnodeislessthanonceCTherateofrhythmicexcitatoryeffluxofthesinoatrialnodeisgreatlysloweddownDTheeffectiverefractoryperiodofpretermcontractionisparticularlylongEArhythmicexcitationofthesinoatrialnodefallswithintheeffectivedurationoftheprephasicexcitation正確答案：E第10題Whenthemembranepotentialofventricularmyocytesdepolarizedfromrestingleveltothresholdpotentiallevel,theNa+channelwasat()ArestingstateBstandbystateCactivatedstateDinactivatedstateEnoneoftheabove第11題Thefactorthatcanreducemyocardialexcitabilityis()ATheabsolutevalueofrestingpotentialincreases;BTheabsolutevalueofrestingpotentialdecreasesCTheabsolutevalueofthresholdpotentialincreases.DNa+channelisinthestandbystateEIncreasedbloodpotassiumconcentration第12題Patientswithrightheartfailureareoftenaccompaniedby()AdecreasedjugularpressureBincreasedcentralvenouspressureCpulmonaryedemaDincreasedvenousreturnEdecreasedcapillarybloodpressure第13題ThemajorfactoraffectingdiastolicpressureisAcardiacoutputBelasticityofthewalloftheaortaCcirculatingbloodvolumeDperipheralresistanceEstrokevolume第14題ThesubstancethatcausesthealternateopeningofcapillariesiscAtransmitterBhormoneChistamineDlocalmetaboliteEkinin第15題PatientswithleftheartfailureshowsignsofrightheartfailureAPulmonarycongestioncontinuestoexistBPulmonaryedemacontinuestoexistCReducedpulmonarycongestionDPulmonarycongestioncombinedwithsystemiccongestionEPulmonarycirculationandsystemiccirculationreturntonormal第16題DuringtheisovolumiccontractionperiodABoththehalf-moonvalveandtheatrioventricularvalveareclosedBTheindoorpressurerisessharplyCTheventricularvolumeremainsunchangedDTheindoorpressureremainsunchanged正確答案：ABC第17題ThemaincharacteristicsofventricularmyocyteactionpotentialdifferentfromskeletalmusclecellsareALongdurationofactionpotentialBThereisaclearplateauCLongeffectiverefractoryperiodDAsymmetryofrisingandfallingbranchesofactionpotential正確答案：ABD第18題Regardingthebioelectricalactivityofsinusnodecells,thecorrectoneisAPhase0depolarizationspeedisslowerBPhase4automaticdepolarizationspeedisfasterCNoobviousrepolarizationphase1andplateauphaseDPhase0isformedbyNa+influx正確答案：ABC第19題TheeffectofcatecholamineonmyocardialbioelectricactivityAIncreasetheCa2+influxofphase0oftheslowresponseactionpotentialBStrengthentheautodepolarizationrateofphase4autonomiccellsCSlowdowntherepolarizationphaseK+outflowDSlowdowntherisespeedoffastresponseactionpotential正確答案：AB第20題Asthemainfactorthatdeterminesthesizeofthepre-ventricularload,thevenousbloodvolume,thefollowingstatementiscorrectAThehigherthecomplianceoftheventricle,thebettertheventricularfilling,andthemorevenousbloodflowBThefastertheCa2+droprateduringdiastole,thefasterthemyocardialdiastolicrate,andthestrongertheroleofventricularnegativepressuresuction;CThepressureinthepericardialcavityincreases,theventricularfillingislimited,andtheamountofvenousreturntotheheartdecreasesDThehighertheatrialpressure,thefasterthevenousreturnspeed,sothemorevenousbloodflowback正確答案：ACB章節(jié)測(cè)試第1題Inwhichofthefollowingphases,thepulmonarypressureishigherthanatmosphericpressure?()AexpirationtimeBendofinspirationCendofexpirationDinhaletimeEbreathewhenpausedandtheairwayisclear第2題Innerbreathingmeans()ACO2inpulmonarycapillariesflowintothealveoliBgasexchangebetweentissuecellsandcapillarybloodCgasexchangebetweenlungcapillariesandenvironmentDO2inalveoliflowintothepulmonarycapillariesEArterialbloodinthepulmonaryveinsenterstheleftatrium第3題Thenecessaryconditiontomaintainnegativepressureinthepleuralcavityis()AThereissomeresistanceintherespiratorytractBThepleuralcavityisclosedCAsmallamountoffluidinthepleuralcavityDInspiratorymusclecontractionEIntrapulmonarypressureislowerthanatmosphericpressure第4題Transpulmonarypressurerefersto()AdifferencebetweenlungpressureandatmosphericpressureBdifferencebetweenintrapulmonarypressureandintrapleuralpressureCdifferencebetweenatmosphericpressureandintrapleuralpressureDdifferencebetweenatmosphericpressureandthoracicretractionEdifferencebetweenatmosphericpressureandlungretraction第5題Whichofthefollowingaboutintrapleuralpressureiscorrect()AThereisasmallamountofgasinthecavityBWhenexhaling,intrapleuralpressureequalsatmosphericpressureCWheninhalinghard,intrapleuralpressureispositiveDTheamountofintrapleuralpressureisdeterminedbytheforceoflungretractionEIntrapleuralpressureisnegativewhenpneumothorax第6題Thenegativepressureintheintrapleuralcavityisformedby()Aatmosphericpressure-inelasticresistanceBatmosphericpressure+transpulmonarypressureCintrapulmonarypressure+transthoracicwallpressureDatmosphericpressure-pulmonaryretractionpressureEatmosphericpressure+pulmonaryretractionpressure第7題Theretractionforceofthelungmainlycomesfrom()AalveolarelasticfibersBsurfacetensionofliquidmolecularlayerofalveoliCnegativechestpressureDthoracicelasticretractionEalveolarsurfactant第8題Bywhichcellsinthelungpulmonarysurfactantissynthesizedandsecreted?()AalveoliⅠepithelialcellsBalveoliⅡepithelialcellsCairwayepithelialcellsDlungfibroblastEalveolarmacrophage第9題Theindextomeasurethepotentialoflungventilationfunctionis()APulmonaryventilationBAlveolarventilationCForcedvitalcapacityD1secondforcedexpiratoryvolumeEVentilationreservepercentage正確答案：E第10題Amongthefollowingpulmonarycapacities,themostsignificantdecreaseinpatientswithsevereasthmais()AforcedexpiratoryvolumeBvitalcapacityCforcedexpiratoryvolumeattheendof1secondDinspiratorycapacityEexpiratorycapacity第11題Inwhichofthefollowingsituationswilltheventilation/perfusionratioincrease?()ApulmonaryedemaBemphysemaCasthmaattackDpulmonaryFibrosisEpulmonarycapillaryocclusion正確答案：E第12題Theoxygendissociationcurveshiftsfromthenormalpositiontotheleft()AItshowsthatthebloodoxygencontentdecreasesatacertainoxygenpartialpressureBCanoccurwhenanemiaCindicatesthattheoxygencontentfromthebloodintothetissueincreasesDVisibleinbloodstoredforseveralweeksEVisiblewhentissuemetabolismincreases第13題Whichofthefollowingaboutventilation/perfusionratioiswrong?()Anormalvalueinquietstateis0.84Bdecreasingofventilation/perfusionratiomeansthatthealveolarineffectivecavityincreasesCApexratiocomparebigDratioinpulmonarybottomissmallestEinpulmonaryembolism,theratioincreases第14題Theeffectivestimulustoenhancepulmonaryventilationbyexcitingcentralchemoreceptorsis()AincreasedconcentrationofcerebrospinalfluidH+BincreasedpartialpressureofcerebrospinalfluidCO2CdecreasedO2partialpressureofcerebrospinalfluidDincreasedH+concentrationofarterialbloodEdecreasedO2partialpressureofarterialblood第15題ThestimulationofrespirationwhenthepartialpressureofCO2inthebloodisincreasedismainlyachievedbywhichofthefollowing()ADirectlystimulatecentralrespiratoryneuronsBStimulatecentralchemoreceptorCStimulatecarotidbodyandaorticbodyreceptorsDStimulatecarotidsinusandaorticarchreceptorsEStimulatecardiorespiratoryreceptorsFStimulatecardiorespiratoryreceptors第16題Apatientwithpulmonaryheartdiseasehasasignificantdecreaseinarterialbloodoxygenpartialpressure.Thepatientwasinhaledwithpureoxygenbutcausedapnea.Themainreasonis()AReducedsensitivityofperipheralchemoreceptorsBRemovedhypoxicstimulationofperipheralchemoreceptorsCDecreasedsensitivityofcentralchemoreceptorsDLackofCO2stimulationofcentralchemoreceptorsETherespiratorycenterlosesitsresponsivenesstostimuli第17題Undernormalcircumstances,theeffectivestimulustomaintaintheexcitabilityoftherespiratorycenteris()AAfferentimpulseoflungstretchreceptorsBAfferentimpulseofrespiratorymuscleproprioceptorsCO2deficiencytoacertainextentDPCO2leveltoacertainextentEHighconcentrationofCO2第18題ThehighestCO2partialpressureinthebodyis()ACapillarybloodBIntracellularfluidCTissuefluidDArterialbloodEVenousblood章節(jié)測(cè)試第1題Whichofthefollowingdescriptionabouttheelectrophysiologicalcharacteristicsofgastrointestinalsmoothmuscleiswrong?()ATherestingpotentialismainlyformedbytheequilibriumpotentialofK+BTherestingpotentialamplitudeislowerthanthatofskeletalmuscleCslowwavepotentialoriginatesfromCajajstromalcellsDthegenerationofactionpotentialisrelatedtoNa+influxESlowwavefrequencyplaysadecisiveroleintherhythmofsmoothmusclecontraction正確答案：E第2題What'swrongabouttheroleofsaliva?()AmoistfoodandmakeiteasytoswallowBdissolvefood,causetastesensationCbreakdownstarchintoglucoseDkillbacteriaandviruses,soastocleanandprotectthemouthEexcretesomeheavymetals,cyanide,andrabiesvirus第3題Whichofthefollowingstatementabouttheloweresophagealsphincter()iswrong?()AThisareaisafunctionalsphincterBThepressureinitis5-10mmhghigherthanthatinthestomachCreflexivedilationoffoodasitpassesfromthemouthtotheesophagusDexcessivedrinkingandsmokingcanincreaseLEStensionEPreventgastriccontentsfromenteringtheesophagusagainstreflux正確答案：ED第4題Whichofthefollowingstatementaboutpepsiniswrong?()AThesynthesisandsecretionbythemaincellisinthestateofproenzymeBpepsinogencanbeactivatedbyhydrochloricacidCTheproteinisonlydecomposedintofreeaminoacidsDTheoptimalpHforitsfunctionis1.8-3.5EWhenPHexceeds5,irreversibledegenerationwilloccur第5題Whichofthefollowingaboutthecharacteristicsofgastricjuicesecretioncausedbydirectinjectionofproteinfoodintothestomachisright?()Ahighacidity,butlowproteasecontentBhighacidity,highpepsincontentClowacidity,highpepsincontentDlowacidity,lowpepsincontentElowacidityandmucus第6題Themainmechanismbywhichacidchymeentersthesmallintestineandcausesthesecretionoflargeamountsofpancreaticjuiceis()AreleaseofgastrinbythemucosaofthesmallintestineBreleaseoftrypsinbythemucosaofthesmallintestineCthesmallintestinalmucosareleasescholecystokininDexcitationofvagusnerveEexcitationofsympathetic第7題Whichofthefollowingdoesnotbelongtobile?()AbilepigmentBbilesaltCcholesterolDsodiumbicarbonateElipase正確答案：E第8題Themainpartwhichabsorbnutrientsis()AoralcavityBstomachCsmallintestineDascendingcolonEtransversecolon第9題Severevomitingoccurringinpatientswithpyloricobstructionmaycause()AmetabolicalkalosisBrespiratoryalkalosisCmetabolicacidosisDmixedacidosisErespiratoryacidosis第10題WhichisthepartofactiveabsorptionofbilesaltandvitaminB12?()AduodenalintestineBjejunumCileumDcolonEstomach第11題Gastrointestinalhormonethatinhibitgastricacidsecretionis()AgastrinandcholecystokininBgastrinandcholecystokininCtrypsinandsomatostatinDmotilinandgastricinhibitorypeptideEtrypsinandgastricinhibitorypeptide正確答案：E第12題Duringcholecystography,tocheckthecontractionfunctionofthegallbladder,subjectswereaskedtoeatfriedeggsinoilforpromotion()AsynthesisofbilesaltsBsynthesisofcholesterolCexcitationofthevagusnerveDsecretionofcholecystokininEsecretionofgastrin第13題Generalcharacteristicsofthesmoothmuscleofthedigestivetractinclude()AacertaintensionBagreaterextensibilityCacertaindegreeofself-disciplineDsensitivetochemical,temperatureandstretchstimuli,butnottoelectricalstimuli正確答案：ABCD第14題Thedescriptionofthe"mucus-bicarbonatebarrier"ofthestomachiscorrect()AItiscomposedofmucusandHCO3-secretedbygastricmucosa.BThegastricmucosalsurfaceisinAneutraloralkalinestateCpreventgastricacidandpepsinfromattackinggastricmucosaDpromotepepsinactivation正確答案：ABC第15題Whichofthefollowingfactorscannotpromotegastricjuicesecretion()AHClBhistamineCexcitationofvagusnerv