2025年青島市初中學(xué)業(yè)水平考試英語試題（考試時間：100分鐘滿分：90分）說明：1.本試卷分為第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷兩部分，共五大題。第Ⅰ卷包含完形填空和閱讀理解，共25小題；第Ⅱ卷包含短文填空、閱讀表達和書面表達，共21小題。2.所有題目均在答題卡上作答，在試題上作答無效。第Ⅰ卷（滿分35分）1.完形填空（本題10小題，每小題1分，共10分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Doyouremembertheusefulsentenceslike“It’sapieceofcake”or“Itservesyouright”inEnglishlearning?Theycarrymore___1___thanthewordsthemselves.InChineseculture,wealsohavelotsofsimilarusefulexpressionslike“drinkingink(墨水)”and“Aninch(寸)oftimeisworthaninchofgold”.“Drinkingink”isacommonexpressiontoshowthatapersonis___2___.Isthereanyonewhoreallydrinksink?ItcouldbetrueinChinesehistory.DuringtheNorthernQiDynasty,thosewho___3___verybadlyintheexamwouldbepunishedbydrinkingoneliter(升)ofink.Eveniftheywerefoundtohavepoorhandwritingormakeupsomethingterrible,theywouldbetakenintoaspecialroomtodrinkink.Therulewasacceptedbythefollowingdynasties.Nowadays,thisexpressionis___4___usedtodescribepeople’swaysofreceivingeducationortheirlevelofeducation.Forexample,“drinkingforeignink”meansonehasstudiedoverseas.“Drinkinglittleink”meansa___5___levelofeducation.sundial“Aninchoftimeisworthaninchofgold”meansthataninchoftimehasthesame___6___asaninchofgold.Itisalsothefirsthalfofasaying,“Aninchoftimeisworthaninchofgold,butaninchoftimecannotbebought___7___aninchofgold”.Inancienttimes,timewasmeasured(測量)byinchesbecausepeopleusedthesundialasatime-keepingtool.Itismadeofaflatand___8___plateonwhichtimedegreesareshown.Asthesunmovesfromrisingtosetting,thelengthofthegnomon’sshadowchangesfromlongtoshortandshorttolong.Thisis___9___thesundialtellstime.Languagecannotbeseparatedfromculture.Languagelearningcanhelpus___10___understandtheculturesbehindthecountriesandcommunicatemorewiththepeoplefromdifferentcountries.1.A.suggestions B.chances C.meanings D.promises2.A.expected B.educated C.remembered D.missed3.A.performed B.planned C.guessed D.prepared4.A.quietly B.quickly C.widely D.suddenly5.A.low B.basic C.normal D.perfect6.A.size B.value C.standard D.shape7.A.for B.from C.in D.with8.A.long B.round C.square D.deep9.A.where B.when C.why D.how10.A.harder B.less C.better D.worseⅡ.閱讀理解（本題15小題，A、B篇每小題1.5分，C篇每小題2分，共25分）閱讀A、B兩個文本，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。ACOMETOWINPRIZESTHATMONEYCANNOTBUYIfyoulovetrains,railwaysorenjoydesigningthings,haveatryatoneofthesegreatcompetitions.Thecompetitionsareforthe200-yearanniversary(周年紀念日)ofthefirstpassengerjourneyontheStocktonandDarlingtonrailway.Thisjourney,in1825,isregardedasthebirthofthemodernrailway.LondonNorthEasternRailway(LNER)andtheNationalRailwayMuseumareaskingyoungpeopletosharetheirwonderfulideasofwhatthenext200yearsofrailwouldlooklike.Therearesomefantasticprizestobewonthatyoucannotgetanywhereelse,includingarideinthedriver’scab(駕駛室)ofahigh-speedtrain.DesignauniformofthefutureForthoseaged11andunderDesignauniformforsomeonewhoworksontherailway.Forexample,thiscouldbeforatrainmanager,adriver,etc.Winner’sprize:Areal-lifeuniformofyourwinningdesignmadebyLNER’suniformsupplier(供應(yīng)商),andfirst-classLNERticketsforyouandyourfamily.DesignatrainofthefutureForages12to17Thisisyourchancetodesignatrainforthefuture.Butwhatmakesagreattrain?Thefirstthingtoconsideristheoutside.Willthetrainbestylish?Don’tforgetthattheinsideofthetrainisimportant,too.Wherewillpeoplesit,storetheirluggage(行李),gotothetoilet,charge(充電)theirphones,andwherewilltheygettheirfoodanddrink?Winner’sprize:Atrainride,adriversimulator(模擬器)experience,andfirst-classLNERticketsforyouandyourfamily.HowtoenterThecompetitionscloseonAugust31,2025.VisitInr.co.lrail200formoreinformation.Goodluck!11.Whyarethecompetitionsheld?A.Tocelebratethe200yearsofthefirstrailjourney.B.ToencouragemoreteenagerstotakeLNERtrains.C.Toraisemoneyforthosewhoworkontherailway.D.Toprepareforthe200-yearanniversaryofthemuseum.12.Whowillmostprobablywintheuniformdesigningcompetition?A. B. C. D.13.Whichofthefollowingpicturesarementionedinthetraindesign?A.①②③ B.②③④ C.①③④ D.①②④14.Whatdothetwocompetitionshaveincommon?A.Passengers’convenienceshouldbeconsidered.B.Adrivingexperiencewillbeprovidedforthewinners.C.Theinsideandtheoutsideofthetrainshouldbedesigned.D.Thewinnerswillgetfreetrainticketsforthewholefamily.15.Inwhichpartofamagazinecanweprobablyreadthetext?A.News. B.Photo. C.Story. D.Advertisement.BForChenSheng,ayoungmaninMeitan,Guizhouprovince,caringfortheelderly(年老的)ismorethanajob—it’sacallinginhisheart.ChenShengwasraisedbyhisgrandparents,andhisdreamwastotakecareofmoreelderlypeople.Aftergraduatingin2017withadegreeinhealthcare,ChenShengcompletedeightmonthsoftraininginalocalhospitalandstartedtoworkinanursinghome.Inhisearlyworkingdays,whathemetwasmoredifficultthanexpected.Hegotupat6a.m.tohelpwithmorningtasks.Heprovidedfullbedsidecare,especiallyfortheelderlywhohadtostayinbedallthetime.Often,hisdaydidn’tenduntil11p.m.Hewantedtoquitatfirst,butafteraperiod,thewarmthandtrusthereceivedfromtheelderlychangedhismind.Usinghismedicalknowledge,ChenShengtakescareoftheelderlyinaproperway,includingphysicalexamination,healthguidance,adviceonfoodandsoon.“Iarrivedatthenursinghomewithlotsofillnessesandcouldonlylieinbed.AftertwomonthsofgoodcarebyChenSheng,Iwasabletowalkagainbymyself.Lifehereisveryconvenient,fromsatisfyingdailyservicestogoodmedicalcare,justlikeathome,”saidGrandpaLi.Besidesmedicalcare,ChenShengalsogivesemotional(情感的)support.Healwaysofferscomfortintimewhenagrandpaoragrandmaisupset.GrandmaSunlikestotalkwithChenShengeverydayandalwayssharesthethingssheconsidersvaluable.GrandmaSunfeelswarmandhappybecauseofChenSheng.Herfamilythankshimforhispatienceandgreatlove.Astheneedsforelderlycarecontinuetogrowmoreandmoreyoungpeople,includingthosebornafter2000,havecometoworkinthenursinghome.Theyaremakingeveryefforttotakegoodcareoftheelderlyandmakethemliveahappylife.16.WhatmadeChenShengwanttoworkinthenursinghome?A.Hisgrowthexperience. B.Hisgrandparents’words.C.Hiseducationalbackground. D.Histraininginthehospital.17.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“quit”inParagraph2mean?A.Hangout. B.Giveup. C.Talkback. D.Calmdown.18.WhatcanwelearnfromGrandpaLi’swordsinParagraph3?①ChenShengtakesgoodcareofhim.②Lifeinthenursinghomeisconvenient.③Hegetsgoodmedicalcarefromthehospital.④Hisphysicalconditionhasimprovedsincehemovedin.A.①②③ B.①③④ C.①②④ D.②③④19.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeChenSheng?A.Honestandconfident. B.Braveandselfless.C.Outgoingandhumorous. D.Warm-heartedandpatient.20Whatisthemainpurposeofthistext?A.Toimprovemedicalconditionsfortheelderly.B.Todeveloptheinterestsandhobbiesoftheelderly.C.Tocallonmoreyoungpeopletocarefortheelderly.D.Tointroducetheelderlypeople’slifeinthenursinghome.C閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有一項為多余選項。CelebrateYourAchievementsAstudyhasfoundthatachievementsmakethebrainthinkclearlyandworkwell.Celebratingevenyoursmallachievementscanhelpyoutofeelmoreconfident.Whatdoesanachievementmean?Whetherit’sworkinghardatyourfavoritesubjectorbakingacakeforyourfriends,puttingeffortintosomethingthatmakesyouhappyisanachievement.____21____Itcanbesomethingthatnooneelseseesbutyoufeel,suchasmakingitthroughadifficultdayorspeakingupinclass.Anythingthatinvolves(涉及)hardwork,courageorskillcanbeseenasanachievement.Whatachievementsshouldbecelebrated?Bothhugeandsmallthingsshouldbecelebrated.Winningasportseventisabigdeal,butgettingupearlytopracticematters,too.____22____Thissituationhappensquiteoften.Forexample,whenyouhelpotherswiththeirstudy,youhaveimprovedaswell.____23____Studiesshowthatwhenyoucelebrateachievements,yourbrainbecomesactiveandyoufeelbetteraboutyourself.Thismakesyouencouragedandkeeppositive.____24____Howcanyoureward(獎勵)yourself?Trymakinganachievementjar(罐子)whereyouputacoineverytimeyousucceedinsomething.Whenthejarisfull,rewardyourself.____25____Thesethingsareinterestingandrelaxing.Shareyourwinswithfamilyandfriends,too,sotheycansupportyou.A.Whydoescelebratingmatter?B.Whodoyoushareyourachievementswith?C.You’reabletoovercomedifficultiesinthefuture.D.Youcantakeabikerideorplaygameswithfriends.E.It’sagoodfeelingyoucangetfromallareasofyourlife.F.However,youmightnotalwaysnoticeyoursmallachievements.第Ⅱ卷（滿分55分）Ⅲ.短文填空（本題10小題，每小題1.5分，共15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。HowTechnologyHelpsEmperorPenguinsWiththedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,wehavelearnedalotaboutanimals.Emperorpenguinscangrowupto1.2meterstall,andtheyarethe____26____(large)ofallthepenguinkinds.In2022,theywerelistedasendangeredanimalsbecausetheAntarcticseaicethattheylive____27____isbecomingsmallerandsmaller.Nowscientistsareusinghightechnologytofollowthemandlearnmoreabouthow____28____(protect)them.Oneofthe____29____(way)researchersareabletodothisisbylookingatpicturestakenbysatellitesabovetheEarth.Largegroupsofemperorpenguinscanbeseenfromspace.Whenscientistsfirststartedusingsatellitestolookatthepenguins,therewereonly28groups.Sofar,scientists____30____(discover)66groups.Evenusingsatellites,itissodifficulttocounthowmanypenguinsliveindifferentgroups.Scientistscanimprovepopulationestimates(估計)bywatchingthearea’sweather____31____(careful).Measuringthewindspeedandtemperaturecanhelppredictifthepenguinsgathercloselytogetherorspreadapartacrosstheice.Ifscientistsknow____32____theweatherwaslikewhenthepicturesweretaken,theycanestimatehowmanypenguinsarepictured.Scientistscanalsowatchpenguins’movementsbygiving____33____(they)specialelectronictags.Ascanner____34____(carry)byarobot,anditcanreadinformationonthetags.TherobotalsousesAItorecognizethepenguins.Itmovesveryslowlysothatitdoesn’tmakethebirdsstressed.Daniel,oneofthepenguinresearchers,hopesthetechnology____35____(lead)ustoa“goldenageofresearch”.Thankstotechnology,weareseeingmorethingsthatnoonehaseverseenbefore.Ⅳ.閱讀表達（本題10小題，共25分）A閱讀下面短文，完成36至39小題。（共12分）AModernMarcoPolo’sFoodJourneyinChinaAntonio’sthoughtofcomingtoChinawasfromthestoryofItalianexplorerMarcoPolo(1254—1324)whotraveledtothesamecountryover700yearsago.“WhenIwasachild,IsawTheTravelsofMarcoPoloonTV,”hesaid.“ThebeautifulChinesefoodcompletelyshockedmeandIdecidedonedayIwouldexplorethiscountrymyself.”NowthisItaliancookhasarestaurantinChina.CrazyaboutChinesefood,AntoniooftentraveledaroundChinatofindnewideasinhisearlydays.Lastyear,hevisitedsomecitiesalongtheBeijing-HangzhouGrandCanal(大運河).“Whatinterestedmemostwasnotonlythefood,butalsothepeople,theirkindness,andthecustomspasseddown,”hesaid.Tai’erzhuangisoneofthecitiesalongtheGrandCanalthatAntoniohasvisited.Inthiscenturies-oldwatertown,hetriedthethinandcrispyShandongpancakeswithgreenonions.Inthepast,thepancakesweremadefromgrains(谷粒)transportedthroughtheGrandCanal.ThepancakesshowthecreativityofShandongpeopleandtheircookingskills.Recently,Antoniosharedstoriesofthe“foodjourneytotheeast”onsocialmedia.Manypeopleleftmessages,sayingthattheywereinterestedinChinesefoodandculture.AntoniohasrealizedthatmanyforeignerswillfallinlovewithlearningabouttraditionalChinesecultureifitispresentedinawaytheycanunderstand.Antonioisbecomingoneofthemodern“MarcoPolos”whoareattracted(吸引)byamazingChinesecultureandshowittotheworld.ThoughItalianandChinesefoodsareverydifferent,theysharecertainsimilarities,suchastheuseofnoodles,whichisacommonthread(線)inbothcultures.Antoniosaid,“Foodisabridgetobringpeopletogether.(A)__________”36.WhatmadeAntoniowanttocometoChina?__________________________________________________________________________________37.WhatdidAntoniodoinhisearlydaysinChina?__________________________________________________________________________________38.根據(jù)短文，完成句子(A)。__________________________________________________________________________________39.以“Antonio,AModernMarcoPolo”為題，形成一份閱讀筆記。要求：（1）根據(jù)短文主題和內(nèi)容，借助所給思維導(dǎo)圖，梳理主要信息；（2）要點以關(guān)鍵詞或短語形式呈現(xiàn)，且條理清晰；（3）作答內(nèi)容控制在20—40詞。_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________B閱讀下面文本，完成40至45小題。（共13分）Toimprovephysicalhealth,studentsinChinashouldhaveatleastonehouradaytodosports.QingdaoSunshineMiddleSchooliscallingoneachclasstomakeachoiceofonesportfortheirown30-minuteclassbreaks.YuMeiistheleaderofa5-memberteamoftheproject.Asuccessfulprojectneedsaproperplan,thewaysofsolvingtheproblemsandhowtoachievetheteam’sgoal.Andallteammembersshoulddotheirshareofthework.Let’sseehowtheirprojectgoes!◆TheteamprojectplanStepandTaskMemberDayStep1:Searchforinformationaboutsports.HuangLei,WangMing2daysStep2:Doaquestionnaire(問卷)onourclassmates’preferencesforsportsYuMei,XiangHua2daysStep3:Makeareport.ZhongWei1day◆SomeinformationaboutsportsTugofwarisagamebetweentwoteamsatoppositeendsofarope.Theplayerspullthelongandstrongropewithtwohands.Eachteamtriestopulltheotheracrossacenterline.Strength(力量)andteamworkarethekeyinthissport.Pickleballcanbeplayedindoublesorsingles.Itisplayedwithplasticballswithholes.Ithasbeencalledacrossbetweenping-pongandtennis.Playershittheballbackandforth(向前).Itisoneoftheworld’sfastest-growingsports.Fencinghasarichhistoryofthousandsofyears.Twofencersfaceoffagainsteachotherwithlong,thintools.Theirgoalistoscorepointsbytouchingtheiropponent(對手)withtheirtool.Touchinganopponentrequiresskills,quickthinkingandquickmovements.◆Aquestionnaire1.Areyoua________?□□2.Whatdoyoudosportsmainlyfor?□Keepinghealthy.□Makingfriends.□Challengingyourself.□Knowingthecultureofanewsport.3.Howdoyouusuallydosports?□Indoubles/singles.?Inteams.4.Wheredoyouliketodosports?Outdoors(gostraighttoNo.5).Indoors(gostraighttoNo.6).5.Ifyoulikeoutdoorsports,whichsportdoyoulike?□Jianzi.□Tugofwar.?Baduanjin.?Basketball.?Pickleball.6.Ifyoulikeindoorsports,whichsportdoyoulike?□Fencing.□Dancing.□Swimming.HappySunshineSports,(A)____________________!40WhatcanyouknowfromYuMei’steamprojectplan?（列舉兩點）____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________41.Matchthewordswiththepictures.（填寫字母選項）(1)tugofwar________(2)pickleball________(3)fencing________A. B. C.42.補全問卷中(A)處口號。__________________________________________________________________43.于梅在發(fā)放問卷前進行班級動員。根據(jù)文本信息填空。（每空填寫1詞）

Hi,everyone!Ourschoolaskedusto_______onesportforourbreaks.Asaleader,I’vecalledonthe_______fourteammemberstojoinmerecently.We’vemadeaprojectplanandcollectedsomeinformation.Wethinkyoumightbeinterestedintugofwar,pickleball,fencingandsoon.Yourideasmattertous!Wehavealsomadeaquestionnaire,includingthe_______,theways,theplacesandthesportskinds.Canyouhelpus?44.如果你是于梅的同班同學(xué)，根據(jù)問卷回答問題。(1)Whichsportdoyoulikefortheclassbreaks?__________________________________________________________________________________(2)Whydoyoulikeit?__________________________________________________________________________________45DoyouthinkYuMei’steamwillcompletetheprojectsuccessfully?Whyorwhynot?__________________________________________________________________________________Ⅴ.書面表達（共15分）46.學(xué)校開展以“LearnfromFamousPeopleinAncientTimes”為題的征文活動。請你根據(jù)以下材料寫一篇英語短文投稿。從材料中找出宋濂的優(yōu)秀品質(zhì)，結(jié)合自身經(jīng)歷講述你的故事，并談?wù)勀愕母形蚺c體會。要求：（1）詞數(shù)80—100；（2）文中不得出現(xiàn)真實姓名、校名、地名等個人信息。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2025年青島市初中學(xué)業(yè)水平考試英語試題（考試時間：100分鐘滿分：90分）說明：1.本試卷分為第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷兩部分，共五大題。第Ⅰ卷包含完形填空和閱讀理解，共25小題；第Ⅱ卷包含短文填空、閱讀表達和書面表達，共21小題。2.所有題目均在答題卡上作答，在試題上作答無效。第Ⅰ卷（滿分35分）1.完形填空（本題10小題，每小題1分，共10分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Doyouremembertheusefulsentenceslike“It’sapieceofcake”or“Itservesyouright”inEnglishlearning?Theycarrymore___1___thanthewordsthemselves.InChineseculture,wealsohavelotsofsimilarusefulexpressionslike“drinkingink(墨水)”and“Aninch(寸)oftimeisworthaninchofgold”.“Drinkingink”isacommonexpressiontoshowthatapersonis___2___.Isthereanyonewhoreallydrinksink?ItcouldbetrueinChinesehistory.DuringtheNorthernQiDynasty,thosewho___3___verybadlyintheexamwouldbepunishedbydrinkingoneliter(升)ofink.Eveniftheywerefoundtohavepoorhandwritingormakeupsomethingterrible,theywouldbetakenintoaspecialroomtodrinkink.Therulewasacceptedbythefollowingdynasties.Nowadays,thisexpressionis___4___usedtodescribepeople’swaysofreceivingeducationortheirlevelofeducation.Forexample,“drinkingforeignink”meansonehasstudiedoverseas.“Drinkinglittleink”meansa___5___levelofeducation.sundial“Aninchoftimeisworthaninchofgold”meansthataninchoftimehasthesame___6___asaninchofgold.Itisalsothefirsthalfofasaying,“Aninchoftimeisworthaninchofgold,butaninchoftimecannotbebought___7___aninchofgold”.Inancienttimes,timewasmeasured(測量)byinchesbecausepeopleusedthesundialasatime-keepingtool.Itismadeofaflatand___8___plateonwhichtimedegreesareshown.Asthesunmovesfromrisingtosetting,thelengthofthegnomon’sshadowchangesfromlongtoshortandshorttolong.Thisis___9___thesundialtellstime.Languagecannotbeseparatedfromculture.Languagelearningcanhelpus___10___understandtheculturesbehindthecountriesandcommunicatemorewiththepeoplefromdifferentcountries.1.A.suggestions B.chances C.meanings D.promises2.A.expected B.educated C.remembered D.missed3.A.performed B.planned C.guessed D.prepared4.A.quietly B.quickly C.widely D.suddenly5.A.low B.basic C.normal D.perfect6.A.size B.value C.standard D.shape7.A.for B.from C.in D.with8.A.long B.round C.square D.deep9.A.where B.when C.why D.how10.A.harder B.less C.better D.worse【答案】1.C2.B3.A4.C5.A6.B7.D8.B9.D10.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文通過“喝墨水”和“一寸光陰一寸金”兩個中文習語，講述了語言背后的文化故事。【1題詳解】句意：它們所承載的意義超過了詞語本身。suggestions建議；chances機會；meanings意義；promises承諾。根據(jù)“Theycarrymore...thanthewordsthemselves”可知這些習語所承載的意義遠不止于字面本身。故選C?！?題詳解】句意：“喝墨水”是一個常見的表達，表示一個人受過教育。expected期待；educated教育；remembered記?。籱issed錯過。根據(jù)“Nowadays,thisexpressionis...usedtodescribepeople’swaysofreceivingeducationortheirlevelofeducation”可知，“喝墨水”現(xiàn)在用來描述人們接受教育的方式或教育水平，因此這個表達表示一個人受過教育。故選B?！?題詳解】句意：在北齊時期，那些在考試中表現(xiàn)很差的人會被懲罰喝一升墨水。performed表現(xiàn)；planned計劃；guessed猜測；prepared準備。根據(jù)“verybadlyintheexam”可知，此處指在考試中表現(xiàn)很差。故選A?！?題詳解】句意：如今，這個表達被廣泛用來描述人們接受教育的方式或他們的教育水平。quietly安靜地；quickly快速地；widely廣泛地；suddenly突然地。根據(jù)“usedtodescribepeople’swaysofreceivingeducationortheirlevelofeducation”可知，這個表達現(xiàn)在被廣泛地用來描述人們的教育方式或水平。故選C?！?題詳解】句意：“墨水喝得不多”意味著教育水平低。low低的；basic基本的；normal正常的；perfect完美的。根據(jù)“Drinkinglittleink”可知，喝墨水少意味著教育水平低。故選A?！?題詳解】句意：“一寸光陰一寸金”意味著一寸時間和一寸黃金有相同的價值。size尺寸；value價值；standard標準；shape形狀。根據(jù)“Aninchoftimeisworthaninchofgold”可知，一寸時間和一寸黃金有相同的價值。故選B。【7題詳解】句意：它也是諺語“一寸光陰一寸金，寸金難買寸光陰”的前半部分。for為了；from從；in在里面；with用。根據(jù)“aninchoftimecannotbebought…aninchofgold”可知，此處指寸金買不到寸光陰，buysth.withsth.意為“用某物買某物”。故選D?！?題詳解】句意：它是由一個扁平的圓形板制成的，上面顯示時間度數(shù)。long長的；round圓的；square方的；deep深的。根據(jù)“sundial”以及常識可知，日晷通常是圓形的。故選B?！?題詳解】句意：這就是日晷如何報時。where哪里；when何時；why為什么；how如何。根據(jù)“Asthesunmovesfromrisingtosetting,thelengthofgnomon’sshadowchangesfromlongtoshortandshorttolong”可知，此處描述的是日晷如何報時。故選D?！?0題詳解】句意：語言學(xué)習可以幫助我們更好地理解國家背后的文化，并與來自不同國家的人進行更多交流。harder更努力地；less更少地；better更好地；worse更糟糕地。根據(jù)“understandtheculturesbehindthecountriesandcommunicatemorewiththepeoplefromdifferentcountries”可知，語言學(xué)習可以幫助我們更好地理解文化和交流。故選C。Ⅱ.閱讀理解（本題15小題，A、B篇每小題1.5分，C篇每小題2分，共25分）閱讀A、B兩個文本，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。ACOMETOWINPRIZESTHATMONEYCANNOTBUYIfyoulovetrainsrailwaysorenjoydesigningthings,haveatryatoneofthesegreatcompetitions.Thecompetitionsareforthe200-yearanniversary(周年紀念日)ofthefirstpassengerjourneyontheStocktonandDarlingtonrailway.Thisjourney,in1825,isregardedasthebirthofthemodernrailway.LondonNorthEasternRailway(LNER)andtheNationalRailwayMuseumareaskingyoungpeopletosharetheirwonderfulideasofwhatthenext200yearsofrailwouldlooklike.Therearesomefantasticprizestobewonthatyoucannotgetanywhereelse,includingarideinthedriver’scab(駕駛室)ofahigh-speedtrain.DesignauniformofthefutureForthoseaged11andunderDesignauniformforsomeonewhoworksontherailway.Forexample,thiscouldbeforatrainmanager,adriver,etc.Winner’sprize:Areal-lifeuniformofyourwinningdesignmadebyLNER’suniformsupplier(供應(yīng)商),andfirst-classLNERticketsforyouandyourfamily.DesignatrainofthefutureForages12to17Thisisyourchancetodesignatrainforthefuture.Butwhatmakesagreattrain?Thefirstthingtoconsideristheoutside.Willthetrainbestylish?Don’tforgetthattheinsideofthetrainisimportant,too.Wherewillpeoplesit,storetheirluggage(行李),gotothetoilet,charge(充電)theirphones,andwherewilltheygettheirfoodanddrink?Winner’sprize:Atrainride,adriversimulator(模擬器)experience,andfirst-classLNERticketsforyouandyourfamily.HowtoenterThecompetitionscloseonAugust31,2025.VisitInr.co.lrail200formoreinformation.Goodluck!11.Whyarethecompetitionsheld?A.Tocelebratethe200yearsofthefirstrailjourney.B.ToencouragemoreteenagerstotakeLNERtrains.C.Toraisemoneyforthosewhoworkontherailway.D.Toprepareforthe200-yearanniversaryofthemuseum.12.Whowillmostprobablywintheuniformdesigningcompetition?A. B. C. D.13.Whichofthefollowingpicturesarementionedinthetraindesign?A.①②③ B.②③④ C.①③④ D.①②④14.Whatdothetwocompetitionshaveincommon?A.Passengers’convenienceshouldbeconsidered.B.Adrivingexperiencewillbeprovidedforthewinners.C.Theinsideandtheoutsideofthetrainshouldbedesigned.D.Thewinnerswillgetfreetrainticketsforthewholefamily.15.Inwhichpartofamagazinecanweprobablyreadthetext?A.News. B.Photo. C.Story. D.Advertisement.【答案】11.A12.A13.C14.D15.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了為慶?，F(xiàn)代鐵路誕生200周年，LNER與國家鐵路博物館聯(lián)合舉辦兩項面向未成年人的設(shè)計大賽，參賽者有機會贏取獨一無二的獎品?！?1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Thecompetitionsareforthe200-yearanniversary(周年紀念日)ofthefirstpassengerjourneyontheStocktonandDarlingtonrailway.Thisjourney,in1825,isregardedasthebirthofthemodernrailway.”可知比賽是為了紀念斯托克頓和達靈頓鐵路首次客運旅行200周年，這次旅行被認為是現(xiàn)代鐵路的誕生。故選A。【12題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Designauniformofthefuture...Forthoseaged11andunder”以及“Designauniformforsomeonewhoworksontherailway.Forexample,thiscouldbeforatrainmanager,adriver,etc”可知參賽者是11歲及以下的兒童，要求設(shè)計一件供鐵路工作人員穿著的制服，例如火車經(jīng)理、司機等，由此可推測出，10歲的對做衣服感興趣的瑪麗最有可能贏得制服設(shè)計比賽。故選A?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Thefirstthingtoconsideristheoutside.Willthetrainbestylish?Don’tforgetthattheinsideofthetrainisimportant,too.Wherewillpeoplesit,storetheirluggage(行李),gotothetoilet,charge(充電)theirphones,andwherewilltheygettheirfoodanddrink?”可知列車設(shè)計需考慮外觀及內(nèi)部座椅、行李存放、衛(wèi)生間、手機充電、餐飲供應(yīng)等，即①③④。故選C?！?4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Winner’sprize: Areal-lifeuniformofyourwinningdesignmadebyLNER’suniformsupplier(供應(yīng)商),andfirst-classLNERticketsforyouandyourfamily.”以及“Winner’sprize:Atrainride,adriversimulator( 模擬器 )experience,andfirst-classLNERticketsforyouandyourfamily.”可知兩項比賽的獎品均包含全家免費火車票。故選D?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。本文主要介紹了為紀念斯托克頓和達靈頓鐵路首次客運旅行200周年而舉辦的兩項設(shè)計競賽，可推知這是一個廣告。故選D。BForChenSheng,ayoungmaninMeitan,Guizhouprovince,caringfortheelderly(年老的)ismorethanajob—it’sacallinginhisheart.ChenShengwasraisedbyhisgrandparents,andhisdreamwastotakecareofmoreelderlypeople.Aftergraduatingin2017withadegreeinhealthcare,ChenShengcompletedeightmonthsoftraininginalocalhospitalandstartedtoworkinanursinghome.Inhisearlyworkingdays,whathemetwasmoredifficultthanexpected.Hegotupat6a.m.tohelpwithmorningtasks.Heprovidedfullbedsidecare,especiallyfortheelderlywhohadtostayinbedallthetime.Often,hisdaydidn’tenduntil11p.m.Hewantedtoquitatfirst,butafteraperiod,thewarmthandtrust