專題01細(xì)節(jié)理解題TOC\o"13"\h\z\u01析·考點精解 102構(gòu)·知能架構(gòu) 203破·考點攻堅 2考點一具體信息定位與匹配 2考點二是非判斷與細(xì)節(jié)辨析 20考點三因果/目的關(guān)系識別 36考點四數(shù)字與時間細(xì)節(jié)考查 5301析·考點精解命題軌跡透視細(xì)節(jié)理解題是天津高考英語閱讀理解的核心題型，占比高、難度中等，主要考查考生對文章中具體事實、數(shù)據(jù)、邏輯關(guān)系等細(xì)節(jié)信息的篩選、定位與理解能力。題目答案多直接或間接源于原文，需精準(zhǔn)匹配信息，避免主觀臆斷?？键c頻次總結(jié)考點2025首考2025二考2024首考2024二考2023首考2023二考2022首考2022二考2021首考2021二考A篇3639364036393640363936403639374036393638B篇40,43414341434144424441,43,44404142,4440,414143C篇46,48,49464946,49474947,4946494548474547,504647,49D篇51525253,5551,5352545153515451,5351,52,55525351542026命題預(yù)測結(jié)合近年天津高考真題，此類題目常圍繞“具體信息查詢”“是非判斷”“因果關(guān)系”“數(shù)字計算”等核心考點展開。02構(gòu)·知能架構(gòu) 03破·考點攻堅 考點一具體信息定位與匹配（2025年天津6月考）Weletoouruniversity’sBotanicGarden—planyourvisit,andfindoutaboutwhatwedo!YoucaneitherpayattheTicketOfficeonarrival,orbookyourticketsonline.Pleasenote:Ticketscannotbeusedonanydateotherthantheonetheywerebookedforandarenonrefundable(不可退款的).GuidelinesforVisitorsTheGardenisanactiveresearchfacilityandalivingmuseumwithacollectionofover8,000plants.Pleasebearinmindsomesimplerulesforyourvisit:OnlytrainedworkingdogsarepermittedtoentertheGarden.Childrenmuststaywithagrownupatalltimes.Stickstrictlytothepathsandlawns(草坪).Donotclimbthetrees.Pleasedonotpickanypartofagrowingplant.CyclingandballgamesarenotpermittedintheGarden.GuidedToursintheGardenWithover8,000plantspeciesandawonderfulrangeofgardensandplantingstoenjoy,thereissomethingforeveryoneattheGarden,andmanydifferentaspectstoappealtoawidevarietyofinterestgroups.◆FreeDropinWeekendToursEnjoyafreeofchargeGardentourwithoneofourexpertguides,takingintheseasonalhighlightsoftheGarden.OurweekendtoursareavailableeverySundayat11:30a.m.and2p.m.throughouttheyear.DuringthemonthsofJanuaryandFebruarythesetoursfocusontheWinterGarden,Snowdropsandgeneralwinterinterest.ThefreetourslastonehourandstartfromtheFountain,neartheMainLawn.GroupToursOurexperiencedvolunteerguideswillhelpyouenjoythehighlightsandprovidesomeofthebackgroundhistoryanddevelopmentofthisamazinggarden.These90minute,prebookabletoursareidealforadultgroupswishingtomakethemostoftheirvisittoour40acresite.PleasevisittheGroupGuidedTourspageformoredetails.36．WhatshouldapotentialvisitortakenoteofbeforebookingatickettotheGarden?A．Whetheronecanaffordthevisit.B．WhethertheGardenwebsiteisaccessible.C．Whetheronecanaccepttheticketbookingpolicy.D．WhethertheticketsarestillavailableattheTicketOffice.37．AkidisallowedtovisittheGardenwhentheyare.A．welltrained B．withabicycleC．a(chǎn)cpaniedbyanadult D．guidedbytheirworkingdog38．WhatbehaviourisacceptableintheGarden?A．Pickingaflower. B．Climbingatree.C．Playingaballgame. D．Walkingonthelawns.39．Wheredothefreedropinweekendtoursstart?A．Snowdrops. B．TheFountain.C．TheMainLawn. D．TheWinterGarden.40．Whatspecialservicecanvisitorsenjoyonthegrouptour?A．Thepanyofprofessionalguides.B．TheexplanationofhowtheGardenworks.C．TheextendedvisitinandaroundtheGarden.D．TheintroductiontothebirthandgrowthoftheGarden.命題解讀新情境：真實場景下的實用文本，貼合高考命題導(dǎo)向1.文本選材：聚焦生活化、功能性場景本文選取“高校植物園參觀指南”這一真實場景文本，屬于“公共服務(wù)類說明文體”，完全契合高考英語“語篇選材貼近學(xué)生生活、社會實際和時代發(fā)展”的命題原則。文本涵蓋購票規(guī)則、游客須知、導(dǎo)覽服務(wù)等實用信息，模擬了學(xué)生在校園生活、社會實踐中可能接觸到的真實情境，打破了傳統(tǒng)閱讀理解中單純的記敘文、議論文選材局限，突出語言的“工具性”和“實用性”。2.情境價值：強化語言應(yīng)用的真實意義該文本的核心功能是“指導(dǎo)游客規(guī)范參觀、選擇合適服務(wù)”，學(xué)生閱讀的過程本質(zhì)上是“解決實際問題”的過程——如如何購票、帶兒童參觀需注意什么、選擇哪種導(dǎo)覽服務(wù)等。這種情境設(shè)置徹底摒棄了“為做題而閱讀”的應(yīng)試導(dǎo)向，轉(zhuǎn)向“用閱讀解決真實問題”的能力考查，呼應(yīng)了高考“培養(yǎng)學(xué)生語言運用能力，服務(wù)終身發(fā)展”的核心目標(biāo)。新考法：從細(xì)節(jié)定位到高階思維，凸顯能力分層考查1.基礎(chǔ)考法：細(xì)節(jié)定位的“精準(zhǔn)化”升級傳統(tǒng)細(xì)節(jié)題多為“點對點”的簡單匹配，而本文題目在細(xì)節(jié)考查上更注重“精準(zhǔn)理解”。如第37題考查“兒童入園條件”，原文表述為“Childrenmuststaywithagrownupatalltimes”，選項C“acpaniedbyanadult”是同義替換，而干擾項A將“工作犬需訓(xùn)練”的規(guī)則偷換為“兒童需訓(xùn)練”，要求學(xué)生不僅能找到對應(yīng)句，還需精準(zhǔn)區(qū)分規(guī)則適用對象，避免概念混淆。2.進(jìn)階考法：從“信息提取”到“信息加工”本文題目跳出單純的細(xì)節(jié)查找，側(cè)重對信息的加工處理，體現(xiàn)高考對高階思維的考查：規(guī)則理解與應(yīng)用：第36題“預(yù)訂門票前需注意什么”，并非直接定位某一句細(xì)節(jié)，而是要求學(xué)生整合“門票僅限預(yù)訂日期使用、不可退款”的規(guī)則，歸納為“購票政策”，考查學(xué)生對規(guī)則的整體理解和歸納能力。反向篩選與判斷：第38題“園內(nèi)可接受的行為”，需要學(xué)生逐一排除“采摘、爬樹、球類運動”等禁止行為，鎖定“在草坪行走”這一允許行為，屬于“反向推理”考法，要求學(xué)生具備對文本信息的反向甄別能力。對比分析與差異識別：第40題“團(tuán)體導(dǎo)覽的專屬服務(wù)”，需要學(xué)生對比“免費導(dǎo)覽”和“團(tuán)體導(dǎo)覽”的服務(wù)內(nèi)容，排除兩者共有的“導(dǎo)游陪同”，鎖定團(tuán)體導(dǎo)覽特有的“歷史與發(fā)展講解”，考查學(xué)生的信息對比和邏輯判斷能力。3.考法本質(zhì)：指向“語言運用能力”的核心考查所有題目均圍繞“游客在參觀過程中可能遇到的實際問題”展開，如購票、帶娃參觀、選擇導(dǎo)覽服務(wù)等，學(xué)生做題的過程就是“模擬解決實際問題”的過程。這種考法徹底擺脫了對文本字面意思的機械考查，轉(zhuǎn)向?qū)φZ言實用功能的考查，符合高考“從知識立意到能力立意”的轉(zhuǎn)型方向。新角度：干擾項設(shè)置與考查維度的創(chuàng)新1.干擾項設(shè)置：更具迷惑性，側(cè)重邏輯誤導(dǎo)本文題目干擾項的設(shè)置不再是簡單的“與原文不符”，而是采用更隱蔽的邏輯誤導(dǎo)方式，精準(zhǔn)擊中學(xué)生的思維漏洞。2.考查維度：從“語言知識”到“思維品質(zhì)”的延伸本文題目不僅考查學(xué)生的語言理解能力，更滲透對思維品質(zhì)的考查：邏輯思維：第38題的反向篩選、第40題的服務(wù)對比，均需學(xué)生進(jìn)行清晰的邏輯推理，排除干擾，鎖定正確答案。批判性思維：干擾項的設(shè)置要求學(xué)生不輕易相信選項表述，而是回歸原文進(jìn)行驗證，避免“想當(dāng)然”的主觀判斷，培養(yǎng)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)呐行运季S。實用思維：題目均圍繞真實參觀場景中的實際問題，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生用“實用視角”閱讀文本，提取對自己有用的信息，體現(xiàn)“學(xué)以致用”的思維導(dǎo)向。（2023年天津3月考）STUDENTEMPLOYMENTONCAMPUSAllstudentsmayapplytoworkoncampus.GettingstartedBeforestartinganyposition,allstudentsneedtopleterequiredtaformsandshowidentification.Internationalstudentsalsoneed:*SocialSecuritycard

*Bank

account*Valid

passport

*Officialworkpermit*LetterofsupportfromtheofficeofInternationalStudentLifeLookingforajobonHandshakeHandshakeisanonlinejobsearchplatformforcollegestudents.WithaHandshakeaccount,studentscanreceiveinformationaboutcareereventsandpersonalizedjobremendations.TouseHandshake,justfollowthesesteps:*LogintoHandshakeusingyouremailaddressalreadyprovidedbythecollege.*pletepersonalizationofyourprofile.*Startyourjobsearchbyclicking“Jobs”button.*Filloutdesiredinformation:location,jobtype,etc.*Applydirectlybyclicking“ApplyNow”button.Youcanalsomakeappointmentstomeetwithacareercoach,accesscareerresources,andexplorecareersthatinterestyou.Oncampusjobsavailableforstudents*Academicdepartmentassistant(FlexibleworkinghoursonMonday/Thursday)*Diningservices(Lunchtimeonweekdays)*Libraryassistant(FlexibleworkinghoursonMonday/Wednesday/Friday)*Bookstore/mailroom(9:0012:00atweekends)*Athleticdepartment(18:0022:00onweekdays)Maximumworkinghours*Duringthesemester(學(xué)期),domesticstudentscanworkamaximumof10hoursaweek;internationalstudentscanworkamaximumof20hoursaweek.*Duringthesummerbreak,astudentmaynotworkmorethan30hoursaweek.*Thetotalnumberofhoursmaynotexceed(超過)themaximumhoursallowedevenifastudenthasmorethanonejob.Formoreinformation,findusatCareerDevelopmentOffice,211HughesHall;,555520131434．Whatdocumentsarenecessaryforaninternationalstudenttoseekemployment?A．PassportandInsuranceCertificate.B．WorkpermitandAcademicreport.C．BankaccountandLetterofsupport.D．HealthCertificateandSocialSecuritycard.35．BeforesearchingforajobonHandshake,youneedto_________.A．consultacareercoach B．personalizeyourprofileC．a(chǎn)ttendjobtraining D．setupanewemailaccount36．WherecouldyouworkonTuesdayevenings?A．Intheathleticdepartment. B．Inthedininghall.C．Inthelibrary. D．Inthebookstore.37．Whichworkingarrangementisallowedforadomesticstudent?A．40hoursperweekduringthesummerbreak.B．20hoursperweekduringthesemester.C．2jobs,eachwith16hoursperweek.D．3jobs,eachwith2hoursperweek.考點解讀要求考生根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞（如人名、地名、時間、數(shù)字、核心名詞/動詞等），快速在原文中找到對應(yīng)信息句，再對比選項與原文細(xì)節(jié)，選出一致答案。天津高考中此類題目占比最高，答案多為原文信息的同義改寫或直接提取。真題示例1（2025年天津3月考）36．HowmanywordsarerequiredfortheentriestothepetitionsponsoredbyMoniackMhorCentre?A．Upto300.B．2,500to5,000.C．15,000to20,000.D．Atleast50,000.原文定位：“TheCaledoniaNovelAward”部分：“Allentriesmustbeoriginalmanuscriptsatleast50,000wordslongbyunpublishedwriters.ThereisaspecialprizeofafreeplaceonacreativewritingcourseatMoniackMhorCentre,thesponsorofthepetition.”解析：題干關(guān)鍵詞：“MoniackMhorCentre”“wordsrequired”。定位原文后發(fā)現(xiàn)，該中心贊助的比賽要求參賽作品“至少5萬字”，直接匹配選項D。真題示例2（2025年天津6月考）39．Wheredothefreedropinweekendtoursstart?A．Snowdrops.B．TheFountain.C．TheMainLawn.D．TheWinterGarden.原文定位：“FreeDropinWeekendTours”部分：“ThefreetourslastonehourandstartfromtheFountain,neartheMainLawn.”解析：題干關(guān)鍵詞“freedropinweekendtours”“start”，定位原文后直接找到起點為“TheFountain”，對應(yīng)選項B。真題示例3（2023年天津6月考）41．WhatfascinatedTaraduringherschoolorchestra'sdemonstration?A．Thetuneoftheflutes. B．Thebeatofthedrums.C．Thesoundoftheviolin. D．Themannerofthemusicians.原文定位：第六段最后兩句“Buttheviolin…ah,theviolin.ItmadethesweetestsoundI'deverheard!Myheartwasdancingalongwithitsflowingtune.Forthefirsttimeinmylife,Iwentsowildwithjoy.”解析：題干關(guān)鍵詞“fascinated”“schoolorchestra'sdemonstration”，定位原文可知小提琴的聲音讓作者癡迷，對應(yīng)選項C。（2526高三上·天津靜?！て谥校㏒ummerprogramsareavailabletostudentsuponapplication.Pleaseconsultindividualcoursedescriptionsforrestrictionsandrequirements.★IntensiveBeginningSwahiliIntensiveBeginningSwahiliissummerabroadcourseforstudentswhohavenopriorproficiency(熟練)intheSwahililanguage.ThecourseistaughtmSwahiliandfocusesonacquiringbeginnerlevelskillstoperformbasicmunicationfunctionsinthecultureofSwahilispeakers.Opentocurrentfirstyearundergraduates,sophomoresandjuniors.Days:25June—20August★IntermediateChineseThiscourseisafourweeksummerintensivelanguagecourse,conductedinpersonatPrincetonTheologicalSeminary.StudentsworkondevelopingastrongfoundationformodernspokenandwrittenChinese,withemphasisonthereadingofcontemporaryChinesedialogue.Enrollmentbyapplicationorinterview.Days:10July—6August★StudiesinSpanishLanguageandStyleThisisanintensive,fullimmersecourseinSpanishlanguageandArgentinehistory,cultureandart.Studentsdevelopadvancedlanguageskillswhilestudyinglanguageincontext,throughtheexplorationofthecityofBuenosAires,itsarchitecture,museums,andcultureandpoliticallife.OpentostudentswhohavepletedtheSpanishlanguagerequirement.Days:18July—20August★AcceleratedSummerStudyTaughtattheScuolaNormaleSuperiorePisa,Italy,thecoursewillbeteamtaughtbyaresidentPrincetonfacultyandanSNSfacultymember.Thecourseisdesignedtoincreasestudents’writingandspeakinglanguageabilityproficiencylevelsandenablestudentstounderstandItalianculture,historyandliteraturewhileexploringtheforeigncity.Notopentoseniors.Days:24July—24August1．Ifyousubmittheapplicationforsummerprograms,whatshouldyoudo?A．Consulttheteachersinchargeofthedifferentcourses.B．Improveyourlanguageproficiencyandculturalawareness.C．Acquiremoredetailedinformationaboutthecourses.D．Refertothelimitationsandqualificationsofeachcourse.2．WhatcanthestudentstakingIntermediateChinesedo?A．LearnclassicalChinese. B．Sharpenstudents’skills.C．PracticespokenChinese. D．Attendonlinelectures.3．Whatdothelasttwocourseshaveinmon?A．TheylastforthewholemonthofJuly. B．Theyareopentoanycollegestudent.C．Theyfollowtheideaoflearningbydoing. D．Theyaretaughtinthesametargetlanguage.4．Wherecanyouprobablyfindthepassage?A．Inageographicalmagazine. B．Inatravelbrochure.C．Inanacademicjournal. D．Onacollegewebsite.（2021高三下·天津·階段練習(xí)）WhileflatbreadhasahistorythatdatesbacktoancientEgypt,realpizza—pizzawithtomatosauce—wasinventedinNaples,Italy.Legendholdsthatpizzamargherita—filledwithtomato,cheese,andbasil,intheredwhiteandgreenofItaly’sflag—wasfirstcreatedbyNaples’PizzeriaBranditohonorQueenMargheritaofItalyduringan1886visit.Today,ofcourse,thereareallkindsofpizzashapes,sizesandflavorsaroundtheworld,buttheoriginalNeapolitanpizzaisround,withasoft,thincenterandthinker,crunchiersides.Youshouldbeabletofolditinfourandeatitlikeacrepe.Andthat'sthedelicioustreatthat'snowupforprotectionasanirreplaceablepieceofglobalhumanheritage:Thisyear,Italyisputting"theartoftheNeopolitanpizzamaker"onthelistofcandidatestobeetreasuresofworldheritagerecognizedbytheUnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganizationUniversallyrecognizable,"pizza"happenstototheItalianlanguage'sbestknownword,butthatdoesn'tmeanit'sashooin."UNESCOhasneverlistedaculturaltraditionlinkedtofoodproduction,"PeirluigiPetrillo,whopreparedthedocumentstobediscussedatUNESCO,toldTheLocal.TheEuropeanUnionincludedpizzainitsofficiallistof“guaranteedtraditionalspecialities”in2016.Thelistspecifiesthatanypizzacalled“Neapolitan”mustbenomorethan35cmwide,withcrustofupto2cmhigh,toppedwithcannedtomatoes,cheesefromNaples,Campaniaregion,oilandbasil.Thepizzamustbecookedinawoodenoven,andbeelasticandsoft.ItalyalsosaysthatithasmoreUNESCOrecognizedculturaltreasuresthananyothercountry.Thefinaldecisiononwhetherpizzamakingmakesonemorewillbeannouncedin2022,afterdiscussionwithall193UNmemberstates.5．Pizzamargheritagotsuchanamebecause________.A．QueenMargheritagaveitthename B．itwasspeciallycreatedforQueenMargheritaC．itwascreatedinQueenMargherita’stime D．QueenMargheritalikedeatingitverymuch6．ThisyearItalyisgoingtomake________.A．Neapolitanpizzaknownintheworld B．NeapolitanpizzasoldallovertheworldC．thepizzamakingartbeeaworldheritage D．Neapolitanpizzabethoughthighlyof7．WhatconclusioncanbedrawnaccordingtowhatPierluigiPetrillosaid?A．NeapolitanpizzaisonlywellknowninItalyB．Neapolitanpizzawillberecognizedintheworld.C．ThedreamofItalyissuretoetruein2022.D．NeapolitanpizzamightberefusedbyUNESCO.8．Pizzaincludedinthelistof“guaranteedtraditionalspecialities”________.A．hasspecificrequirements B．willbeepopularnextyearC．mustbeadmittedbyUNESCO D．mustbecreatedbyNaples’PizzeriaBrandi9．Inwhichpartofamagazinecanyouprobablyfindthepassage?A．TravelandSightseeing B．FoodandCultureC．EconomyandFinance D．RecreationandRelaxation（2026·天津·一模）The20thcenturywasafamouslyfruitfultimeforvisionsofthefuture,butthe21stcenturyhasfailedtoinspiretheminthesameway.SciencefictionwriterWilliamGibsonhascalledthis“futurefatigue”,pointingoutthatwebarelyevermakereferencetothe22ndcentury.Onereasonisthatmostoftheideasofthefuturethatcapturedpeople’simaginationsinthe20thcenturyhavemutatedsincethen.Plastic,forexample,oncebilledasthematerialofthefuture,hasbeeanenvironmentalandhealthcrisis—itsdurabilityandabundanceturneddownsides.Thedominantimagesofthefuturethatwearepresentedwithatthemomentallhavelonghistoriestothem.Theyincludespacecolonization,dystopianartificialintelligenceandalongingtobringbackthepast—butapastthatneverwas.Thismakessensegiventheclimateanxietyanddreadaboutthefuturefeltbymanypeople.Thefuturehasstartedtofeellikeitisclosingoffratherthanopeningout.JeanLouisMissika,aformerdeputymayorofParis,haswrittenthat“whenthefutureisdark,peopleturntoanidealisedpast,alostgoldenage.Nostalgia(懷舊)beesarefugeagainstdangers,acocoonagainsttheannounceddeclines.”It’snotthatabsolutelynonewfuturevisionshaveemergedthiscentury.Butitisnotablethatnomajor,forwardlookingfuturevisionshavetakenrootinourcollectiveimaginationsincesmartphonescametodominateourwayofmunicating.Ithinkaboutthefutureforalivinganditismyexperiencethatunifiedvisionsofdesirablefuturescaninspirepeopletobringaboutchange.Theyactasmotivatorsandimaginationengines.Wecanusethemtovisualisethesocietywewantandthenmittoworktowardsthatfuture.Unifyingvisionsofthefuturearealsoeffectivelyusedinarchitecturalpictures,adsandTVshows;StarTrekhasinspiredtechnologistsfordecades.We’reinacrucialtransition—fromfossilfuelstorenewables.Thiscanfeelterrifying,butalsomotivating.Thereareplentyofhotspotsofinnovationtoday:lookattheriseofrooftopsolarenergyinPakistan,wherehouseholdsandsmallbusinessesareenergeticallyembarkingontheshifttorenewables.Butwelackintegration:futurethinkingthatassemblestheseinnovationstogetherintounifiedvisions,putstheminasocialcontextandthenconstructsfromthepresentintothefuture.Inmynewbook,Ilookatfourfuturevisionsbeingdevelopedtoday:morethanhumanfuturesreimaginesourrelationshipwithnature;degrowthredesignstheroleoftheeconomy;solarpunkrechargesculturalinnovation;andthemetaverseimmersesusinvividdigitalworlds.Butthefuturedoesn’tstopwiththese—thereshouldbemanymorevisionsemerging.Weneedtoseedthem,growthemandseewhatshapetheytakewhenwetellstoriesofthefutureonceagain.10．Whydoesfuturefailtoattractpeopleinthe21stcentury?A．Becausenostalgiareplaceshopefortomorrow.B．Becauseitrepeatsolddreamsinthe20thcentury.C．Because20thcenturyvisionshaveturnedproblematic.D．Becauseclimatefearhasdestroyedpeople’sconfidence.11．Whatcanbelearnedfromthepassage?A．Theenergyshiftplaysakeyroleinfuturethinking.B．Lookingbackwardhelpsbuildstrongermunities.C．Theabsenceofsharedvisionsholdsbackfutureprogress.D．Rapidtechnologicalgrowthhasrestoredpeople’soptimism.12．Whatdoestheauthorthinkofunifiedfuturevisions?A．Theyaremainlyreflectedinsciencefictionworks.B．Theycanencouragepeopletoworkforsocialchange.C．Theyhavebeenreplacedbydigitalworldexperiences.D．Theyarelesseffectivethanindividualinnovativeideas.13．Regardingthe“futurefatigue”,theauthoris________.A．concerned B．critical C．doubtful D．a(chǎn)pproving14．Whatistheauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthisarticle?A．Toexplainwhy“futurefatigue”exists.B．Topromotehernewbookaboutfuturevisions.C．Towarnagainstwidespreadfatiguetowardsfuture.D．Toinspirecollectiveimaginationoffuturenarratives.（2526高三上·天津北辰·月考）PeoplefromEastAsiatendtohavemoredifficultythanthosefromEuropeindistinguishingfacialexpressions—andanewreportpublishedonlineinCurrentBiologyexplainswhy.RachaelJack,UniversityofGlasgowresearcher,saidthatratherthanscanningevenly(均勻的)acrossafaceasWesternersdo,Easternersfixtheirattentionontheeyes.“WeshowthatEasternersandWesternerslookatdifferentfacefeaturestoreadfacialexpressions,”Jacksaid.“Westernerslookattheeyesandthemouthinequalmeasure,whereasEasternersfavortheeyesandneglect(忽略)themouth.”AccordingtoJackandhercolleagues,thediscoveryshowsthathumanmunicationofemotionismoreplexthanpreviouslybelieved.Asaresult,facialexpressionsthathadbeenconsidereduniversallyrecognizablecannotbeusedtoreliablyconveyemotionincrossculturalsituations.Theresearchersstudiedculturaldifferencesintherecognitionoffacialexpressionsbyrecordingtheeyemovementsof13WesternCaucasianand13EastAsianpeoplewhiletheyobservedpicturesofexpressivefacesandputthemintocategories:happy,sad,surprised,fearful,disgusted,angry,orneutral.Theyparedhowaccuratelyparticipantsreadthosefacialexpressionsusingtheirparticulareyemovementstrategies.ItturnedoutthatEasternersfocusedmuchgreaterattentionontheeyesandmadesignificantlymoreerrorsthandidWesterners.“Theculturaldifferenceineyemovementsthattheyshowisprobablyareflectionofculturaldifferenceinfacialexpressions,”Jacksaid.“OurdatasuggestthatwhereasWesternersusethewholefacetoconveyemotion,Easternersusetheeyesmoreandmouthless.”Inshort,thedatashowthatfacialexpressionsarenotuniversalsignalsofhumanemotion.Fromhereon,examininghowculturalfactorshavediversifiedthesebasicsocialskillswillhelpourunderstandingofhumanemotion.Otherwise,whenitestomunicatingemotionsacrosscultures,EasternersandWesternerswillfindthemselveslostintranslation.15．ThediscoveryshowsthatWesterners________A．considerfacialexpressionsuniversallyreliable.B．payequalattentiontotheeyesandthemouthC．observetheeyesandthemouthindifferentwaysD．havemoredifficultyinrecognizingfacialexpressions16．Whatwerethepeopleaskedtodointhestudy?A．Toclassifysomefacepictures. B．Togettheirfacesimpressive.C．Tomakeafaceateachother. D．Toobservetheresearchers’faces.17．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”inParagraph6referto?A．Theresearchersofthestudy. B．Theparticipantsinthestudy.C．Theerrorsmadeduringthestudy. D．Thedatacollectedfromthestudy.18．InparisonwithWesterners,Easternersarelikelyto________.A．dotranslationmoresuccessfullyB．studythemouthmorefrequentlyC．examinetheeyesmoreattentivelyD．readfacialexpressionsmorecorrectly19．Accordingtothepassage,wecaninferthattheresearcher,RachaelJack________.A．isastudentinUniversityofGlasgowB．studiesthefieldsrelatedtobiologyorculturesC．haspublishedanewreportonhumanrightsD．showsthatfacialexpressionsareuniversalsignalsofhumanemotion（2021·天津河西·二模）TheNationalAssociationofTeachersofSinging(NATS)celebratestheartofsingingthroughaseriesofpetitionsandprograms.Theyaredesignedtoshowcasethetalentedsingersandperformerswhoaresoontoberisingstarsintheprofession.NationalStudentAuditionsStudentsofNATSmemberswillbeginbyperformingduringtheirregionalauditions.Fivesingersfromeachregionalcategorywilladvanceloanationalonlinescreeninground,whereentrantswillsubmitavideooftheirperformancesforjudgmentbyagroupofnationaljudges.EntryFee:$75percategoryPrizes:S35,000for1st,2ndand3rdplacesintotal.DeadlineforApplications:April13,2021(applicationsbyemailedinvitationonly;followingregionalauditions)NATSArtistAwards(NATSAA)Preliminarypetitionsareheldattheregionallevel,withonewinnerpickedoutofeachofthe14NATSregions.The14semifinaliststhengatheratthesiteortheNATSWinterWorkshopforthefinaltworoundsofthepetition.EntryFee:$75Prizes:Thewinnerisawarded$13,000;the2ndplace,$6,000.DeadlineforApplications:September5,2021ArtSongpositionAwardThepetitionisopentoanyposerwhosesubminedworkmeetstherequirements.ThewinningposerwillreceiveacashawardandaperformanceofthewinningpositionatthenextscheduledNATSNationalConference.EntryFee:$30Prizes:Thewinnerisawarded$5,000;the2ndplace,$2,500.DeadlineforApplications:December1,2021NationalMusicTheaterpetitionThepetitionisseekingthebestrisingmusictheatersoloists,thosewhojustneedonebreaktomovetheircareersforward.Applicantsmustbebetweenages2028.Preliminaryroundsofthepetitionarescheduledtotakeplaceinfall2021andabout24singersadvancetothesemifinalandfinalrounds.EntryFee:$90.Prizes:Thefirstprizeisawarded55,000;the2ndplace,$52,000.DeadlineforApplications:May15,202120．WhatisthepurposeoftheseNATSpetitions?A．TodecidewhocanjoinNATS.B．Tocelebrateimportantmusicfestivals.C．TotestandgradeNATSteachers'professionalskills.D．ToletNATSmembersandtheirstudentsshowmusicaltalent.21．Anemailedinvitationisamustforthosewhowanttoattend.A．NATSArtistAwards B．NationalStudentAuditionsC．AnSongpositionAward D．NationalMusicTheaterpetition22．IfyoucamesecondafterthetwoNATSAAfinalrounds,howmuchcouldyouget?A．1,7500dollars. B．6,000dollars. C．2,500dollars. D．2,000dollars.23．ApplicationsforArtSongpositionAwardshouldbesubmittedbeforewhichday?A．April13,2021. B．May15,2021. C．Septembers,2021. D．December1,2021.24．WhichkindofpeopleisNationalMusicTheaterpetitionseeking?A．Thebestmusictheatermanagers. B．Seniorartistswhohaveliveconcertexperiences.C．Soloperformersaged2028. D．Thosewhoaregoodatplayingmusicalinstruments.考點二是非判斷與細(xì)節(jié)辨析（2025年天津6月考）Mygreatgrandmotherreceivedthedollhouse(玩具小屋)fromafamilyfriendbackinthelate1800s.Itwasthenpasseddownfromgenerationtogeneration.IwassevenwhenIdiscovereditunderneaththetreeonChristmasmorning.Inourhouse,Momsetupasewingarea.Isatathersewingmachine,myfeetbarelyreachingthepresserfoot.Mombentoverme,herhandsonmine,gentlyguidingsmallbitsofclothundertheneedletocreatedollhousebedding.Shealsotaughtmetomakeminiblankets.Withalittlepaintandglue,Momdemonstratedthatanythingcouldbeturnedintodollhousefurniture.Ilearnttoviewtheworldasaplaceofpossibility.Ispenthoursofmygirlhoodsittingbeforemydollhouse,tellingmadeupstories,andcreatingminiatures(縮微模型).Buteventuallyschoolactivitiestookover,andthedollhousewasmovedtotheattic(閣樓).Overthenext40years,thestorytellingskillsI’dpracticedwiththedollhousegrewintonovelwritingskills,andIdevelopedacareerasanauthor.Oneday,afterhoursofworkingonmyfourthbook,ItookabreakbysurfingtheInternetandhappenedtonoticethebeautifuldollhousespeoplepostedonsocialmedia.Theyremindedmeofmine.Iwenttotheattic,broughtitbacktomyroomandstartedupdatingit.Duringthemindlesshoursofsewingandfurnishing(布置家具),Ilistenedtoaudiobooksaboutthehistoryofdollhouses,learningthattheywerenotinventedforplay.There’salong,richhistoryofpeopleinhardshipturningtodollhousestofindfort.Theyweren’tproducedastoysuntilmassproductionbecamestandardafter1945.Thisinspiredmetocreateanovelwhereartsavestheday.ThetruthwasImyselfneededarttosavetheday.Momwasthenslippingawayfrommeowingtoprogressivememoryloss.Theonlytopicwecoulddiscusswithanygenuinejoywastheupdateofthedollhouse.Shelovedretellingitshistory—thoseoldmemories.Momdidn’tfinditstrangeatallthather50yearolddaughterwasupdatingthedollhouse.Shejustthoughtitfunandbeautiful.Anditwas.ItwasaworldwhereMomandIwereatourbesttogether.41．Whatdidtheauthor’smotherteachhertodo?A．Tosewandcreateminiatures.B．Toaddimaginaryfigurestothedollhouse.C．Tomakeupfairytalessetinthedollhouse.D．Todooilpaintingsandgluethemontothelittlewalls.42．Whydidtheauthordecidetoupdatethedollhousedecadeslater?A．Sheintendedtofollowthetrendonsocialmedia.B．Shewaseagertostartanewcareerasatoydesigner.C．Shefelttheurgetopetewithotherdollhousemakers.D．Shewasinspiredbypeoplesharingtheirdollhousesonline