高考2025年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試（天津卷）英語筆試（第二次）1.—Letmetry,captain!Iwon’tletyoudown.—OK,Paul!.A.Yougotmewrong B.ItisyourtimetoshineCYoumustbekidding D.Mindyourownbusiness2.________virtualrealitybecomesmoreaccessible,manyschoolsaresettingupvirtualsciencelabs.A.As B.Until C.Unless D.Although3.TheStoneAgeisthenamegiventothetimeover2,000,000yearsago,lifewasverydifferentfromtoday.A.why B.which C.when D.where4.DengJiaxianwasoneofthe23scientistswhoawardedfortheirextraordinarycontributionstoChina’s“twobombs,onesatellite”project.A.was B.were C.has D.have5.Thechildrenareencouragedtofollowtheirnatural,andlearnaboutwhatintereststhem.A.curiosity B.balance C.defence D.limitation6.EngineersintheUKaregoingtobuildanewsatellitetotracksolarstorms.A.designed B.designing C.todesign D.havingdesigned7.—Withmybrother’shelp,Ifinallycompletedmychemistryproject.—Congratulations!.A.Looselipssinkships B.Don’tjumpinwithtwofeetC.Don’tbeawetblanket D.Twoheadsarebetterthanone8.TheSongDynastytheintroductionofjiaozi,whichissupposedlytheworld’sfirstpapermoney.A.hasseen B.hadseen C.sees D.saw9.Withrobotsvariousindustrialtasks,factorieshaveincreasedproductionefficiency.A.toperform B.tobeperformed C.performing D.beingperformed10.Knowingyourweaknessliesisoneofthefirstandmostchallengingstepsinlearningtomanageyourself.A.that B.what C.how D.where11.Therearenodisplaysintheartmuseumandexhibitionschangeallthetime.A.permanent B.temporary C.elegant D.alternative12.NewmeasuresaretoimproveEnglishtranslationsinpublicplacesinChina.A.atrest B.inplace C.underpressure D.beyondreach13.Afamilydayoutisanopportunitytoworkandschoolandspendqualitytimetogether.A.putaside B.passon C.takeup D.giveaway14.Noreaderremoveabookfromthelibrarywithoutpermission.A.would B.might C.shall D.need15.Therearemanythingsteensshouldwhendecidingwhatcollegestoapplyto.A.setinmotion B.getundercontrolC.bringtoanend D.takeintoconsiderationLifeisaroadfullofminorinconveniencesandmajorsetbacks,whicheveryonefaces,____16____wealthorsocialrank.Thatiswhyoptimism,theabilitytoseethe____17____sideofeverynegativesituation,iskeytosuccess.WhatmadeoptimismsomeaningfultomewaswhenI____18____theAteamofthebasketballclubfortheupcomingseason.Ihadalwaysbeenthestartingpointguard,andmy____19____ontheAteamwassomethingItookforgranted.However,IonlymadetheBteam,____20____Iworkedmyhardest.Ididn’tunderstandwhyuntilIsawthenewAteam,crowdedwithplayersthatall____21____me.IhadtogivetheBteamachance.Buttomy____22____,theplaylevelwasmuchlowerthanwhatIwasusedto.IlostthedriveI’dhadbeforeandgraduallybecame____23____.OnedayIcameacrossasocialmediapostofanotherbasketballteam,whosepointguardwasmuchmore____24____thanherteammates.Whenherteammatesmademultiplemistakes_____25_____,whichcostthemseveralpoints,Iexpectedhertobeupset,but_____26_____,shepattedherteammatesonthebackandcomfortedthem.AsIwatchedhermore,Inoticedthatsheledherteam,always_____27_____andupliftingherteammates.Therealizationhitmelikelightning.WhatIthoughtwasa_____28_____turnedouttobeavaluableopportunity,presentingararechancetodevelop_____29_____.So,Istartedusingmy_____30_____tobealeaderformyteam.Whenourcoachneededa(n)_____31_____,Iwasthefirsttoraisemyhand.Whenmyteammatesneededhelpwithaskill,I_____32_____taughtthemoverandoveragain.MyeffortpaidoffasI_____33_____remarkablynotjustasaplayer,butasaperson—somethingIcouldhaveneverachievedontheAteam.Whenfacingchallengesinlife,somepeople_____34_____themwithoptimism,whileotherstendtocomplain.Optimismisapalette,withwhichyoucanpaintyourownlightinthedarkness,shelterinastorm,andmostimportantly,abetter_____35_____ofyourself!16.A.regardlessof B.dueto C.butfor D.apartfrom17.A.commercial B.positive C.crucial D.practical18.A.lookedbackon B.gaveinto C.putupwith D.triedoutfor19.A.position B.focus C.comment D.impression20.A.asif B.incase C.nowthat D.eventhough21.A.raninto B.agreedwith C.toweredover D.sawthrough22.A.relief B.confusion C.amazement D.disappointment23.A.unmotivated B.disqualified C.determined D.engaged24.A.amused B.advanced C.emotional D.familiar25.A.toadegree B.asarule C.inarow D.atadistance26.A.instead B.meanwhile C.otherwise D.furthermore27.A.evaluating B.interrupting C.encouraging D.interviewing28.A.trick B.misfortune C.mistake D.conflict29.A.reputation B.innovation C.leadership D.friendship30.A.privacy B.experience C.schedule D.occupation31.A.example B.announcement C.competitor D.donation32.A.nervously B.patiently C.gratefully D.hesitantly33.A.protested B.resigned C.developed D.emerged34.A.create B.approach C.influence D.perform35.A.appearance B.shape C.identity D.versionAWelcometoouruniversity’sBotanicGarden—planyourvisit,andfindoutaboutwhatwedo!YoucaneitherpayattheTicketOfficeonarrival,orbookyourticketsonline.Pleasenote:Ticketscannotbeusedonanydateotherthantheonetheywerebookedforandarenon-refundable(不可退款的).GuidelinesforVisitorsTheGardenisanactiveresearchfacilityandalivingmuseumwithacollectionofover8,000plants.Pleasebearinmindsomesimplerulesforyourvisit:OnlytrainedworkingdogsarepermittedtoentertheGarden.Childrenmuststaywithagrown-upatalltimes.Stickstrictlytothepathsandlawns(草坪).Donotclimbthetrees.Pleasedonotpickanypartofagrowingplant.CyclingandballgamesarenotpermittedintheGarden.GuidedToursintheGardenWithover8,000plantspeciesandawonderfulrangeofgardensandplantingstoenjoy,thereissomethingforeveryoneattheGarden,andmanydifferentaspectstoappealtoawidevarietyofinterestgroups.◆FreeDrop-inWeekendToursEnjoyafree-of-chargeGardentourwithoneofourexpertguides,takingintheseasonalhighlightsoftheGarden.OurweekendtoursareavailableeverySundayat11:30a.m.and2p.m.throughouttheyear.DuringthemonthsofJanuaryandFebruarythesetoursfocusontheWinterGarden,Snowdropsandgeneralwinterinterest.ThefreetourslastonehourandstartfromtheFountain,neartheMainLawn.GroupToursOurexperiencedvolunteerguideswillhelpyouenjoythehighlightsandprovidesomeofthebackgroundhistoryanddevelopmentofthisamazinggarden.These90-minute,pre-bookabletoursareidealforadultgroupswishingtomakethemostoftheirvisittoour40-acresite.PleasevisittheGroupGuidedTourspageformoredetails.36.WhatshouldapotentialvisitortakenoteofbeforebookingatickettotheGarden?A.Whetheronecanaffordthevisit.B.WhethertheGardenwebsiteisaccessible.C.Whetheronecanaccepttheticket-bookingpolicy.D.WhethertheticketsarestillavailableattheTicketOffice.37.AkidisallowedtovisittheGardenwhentheyare.A.welltrained B.withabicycleC.accompaniedbyanadult D.guidedbytheirworkingdog38.WhatbehaviourisacceptableintheGarden?A.Pickingaflower. B.Climbingatree.C.Playingaballgame. D.Walkingonthelawns.39.Wheredothefreedrop-inweekendtoursstart?A.Snowdrops. B.TheFountain.C.TheMainLawn. D.TheWinterGarden.40.Whatspecialservicecanvisitorsenjoyonthegrouptour?A.Thecompanyofprofessionalguides.B.TheexplanationofhowtheGardenworks.C.TheextendedvisitinandaroundtheGarden.D.TheintroductiontothebirthandgrowthoftheGarden.BMygreatgrandmotherreceivedthedollhouse(玩具小屋)fromafamilyfriendbackinthelate1800s.Itwasthenpasseddownfromgenerationtogeneration.IwassevenwhenIdiscovereditunderneaththetreeonChristmasmorning.Inourhouse,Momsetupasewingarea.Isatathersewingmachine,myfeetbarelyreachingthepresserfoot.Mombentoverme,herhandsonmine,gentlyguidingsmallbitsofclothundertheneedletocreatedollhousebedding.Shealsotaughtmetomakemini-blankets.Withalittlepaintandglue,Momdemonstratedthatanythingcouldbeturnedintodollhousefurniture.Ilearnttoviewtheworldasaplaceofpossibility.Ispenthoursofmygirlhoodsittingbeforemydollhouse,tellingmade-upstories,andcreatingminiatures(縮微模型).Buteventuallyschoolactivitiestookover,andthedollhousewasmovedtotheattic(閣樓).Overthenext40years,thestorytellingskillsI’dpracticedwiththedollhousegrewintonovelwritingskills,andIdevelopedacareerasanauthor.Oneday,afterhoursofworkingonmyfourthbook,ItookabreakbysurfingtheInternetandhappenedtonoticethebeautifuldollhousespeoplepostedonsocialmedia.Theyremindedmeofmine.Iwenttotheattic,broughtitbacktomyroomandstartedupdatingit.Duringthemindlesshoursofsewingandfurnishing(布置家具),Ilistenedtoaudiobooksaboutthehistoryofdollhouses,learningthattheywerenotinventedforplay.There’salong,richhistoryofpeopleinhardshipturningtodollhousestofindcomfort.Theyweren’tproducedastoysuntilmassproductionbecamestandardafter1945.Thisinspiredmetocreateanovelwhereartsavestheday.ThetruthwasImyselfneededarttosavetheday.Momwasthenslippingawayfrommeowingtoprogressivememoryloss.Theonlytopicwecoulddiscusswithanygenuinejoywastheupdateofthedollhouse.Shelovedretellingitshistory—thoseoldmemories.Momdidn’tfinditstrangeatallthather50-year-olddaughterwasupdatingthedollhouse.Shejustthoughtitfunandbeautiful.Anditwas.ItwasaworldwhereMomandIwereatourbesttogether.41.Whatdidtheauthor’smotherteachhertodo?A.Tosewandcreateminiatures.B.Toaddimaginaryfigurestothedollhouse.C.Tomakeupfairytalessetinthedollhouse.D.Todooilpaintingsandgluethemontothelittlewalls.42.Whydidtheauthordecidetoupdatethedollhousedecadeslater?A.Sheintendedtofollowthetrendonsocialmedia.B.Shewaseagertostartanewcareerasatoydesigner.C.Shefelttheurgetocompetewithotherdollhousemakers.D.Shewasinspiredbypeoplesharingtheirdollhousesonline.43.Whatdidtheauthorlearnaboutdollhousesfromtheaudiobooks?A.Theywereinitiallycreatedforplay.BPeopleoncesoughtcomfortinthem.C.Richpeoplesoldthemformoneyduringdifficulttimes.D.Auniformstandardfortheirproductionwassetin1945.44.Whatroledidthedollhouseplayinstrengtheningtheemotionaltiesbetweentheauthorandheragingmother?A.Areminderoftheirchildhooddreams. B.Amirroroftheeventfulfamilyhistory.C.Atooltobringbackgoodoldmemories. D.Ameanstoimprovehermother’smemory.45Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheDollhouse:ALifelongToy B.GrowingupwiththeDollhouseC.TheDollhouse:MoreThanJustaToy D.DollhouseMakingandNovelWritingCAllanimalstakeinoxygenfromtheairtheybreathein,andreleaseCO?fromtheirbloodwhenbreathingout.Mostmammals(哺乳動物)can’tdirectlydetectoxygenlevelsinthebloodsuppliedtotheirtissues.Instead,theyrelyontherisinglevelofCO?intheirbloodtosignalthattheymightneedtotakeabreath.ButarecentstudypublishedinSciencesuggestsseals(海豹)cansensetheamountofoxygenintheblood,andchangetheirdivingbehaviorinresponse.TofindoutifoxygenlevelsaffectedsealbehaviorProfessorMcKnightattheUniversityofSt.Andrewsandhiscolleaguescreatedaspecialsectioninapoolwhereyoungsealswereheld.Inonecorner,therewasabreathingchamber(呼吸室),wheretheywereshelteredfromtherainandthewind.Thebreathingchamberwassurroundedbypanelsthatpreventedsurfaceswimming,yetswimmingbelowthesurfaceforabout200feetwouldgivethesealsaccesstoafeederwheretheycouldeatasmuchfishastheyliked.Oncethesealsgotfamiliarwiththesetup,theresearchersstartedtograduallychangethecompositionoftheairinthebreathingchamber,increasingorreducingthelevelsofoxygenandCO?toseeaneffectontheirbehavior.Sureenough:thehigherthelevelofoxygen,thelongerthesealsstayedatthefeeder.Thefindingsuggeststhatsealsdon’tjustphysicallyrespondtooxygenlevelsbychangingtheirheartrateorbreathing,butthattheyaresufficientlyawareofthemtochangetheirbehavior.Thisabilitywouldputsealsinaclassbeyondanylandmammalsthathavebeentested.Sinceoxygenlevelsonlandremainstable,humansdon’tseemtohaveevolved(演化)tonoticelowbloodoxygenlevels,sometimesnotevenwhenthey’reabouttopassoutinfree-diving.Therefore,infree-divingwithoutoxygentanks,accidentsarequitecommon.OurrelianceonsensingCO?levelsinourbloodinsteadofoxygenmaybetoblame.Actually,thisisaperfectlyreasonablestrategyonland,wheregrowingCO?tendstosignalbreathingissues.Butwhenholdingourbreathduringdiving,relyingonCO?levelsisrisky,especiallyonrepeateddives.Becauseeverytimewesurfaceandbreathein,oursensitivitytoCO?isdecreased,evenifitslevelsarealreadyhigh,andthisincreasesthechancethatapersonwill,withoutawareness,passoutbeforetheygettothesurface.46.Whatdomostmammalsrelyontodeterminewhentotakeabreath?A.ThegrowingamountofCO?intheirblood.B.Therisinglevelofoxygenintheirlungs.C.Theintensityoftheirphysicalactivity.D.Thebloodsupplytobodytissues.47.Whenwouldthesealsstayatthefeederforalongerperiodoftime?A.Whentheyneededtotakeinmorefoodatthefeeder.B.Whentheoxygenlevelinthechambergrewhigher.C.Whentheyfamiliarizedthemselveswiththesetup.D.WhentheCO?levelinthechamberwasraised.48.Whatresultsinhumans’inabilitytonoticelowoxygenlevelsintheirblood?A.TheunstableCO?levelsintheair.B.Theirlackofattentiontobreathing.C.Theconstantoxygenlevelsonland.D.Theirfunctionallychangeableheartrate.49.Whydoaccidentsoftenoccurwhendiversgofree-diving?A.Theirbreathcannotbeheldlongenough.B.Theycannotadjusttheconsumptionofoxygen.C.TheymayfailtonoticerisingCO?levelssoonenough.D.Theirbreathingorgansstopworkingproperlyunderwater.50.WhichstatementisprobablysupportedbyMcKnight’ssealresearch?A.Sealshaveevolvedtosurviveinlowoxygenenvironments.B.Sealsarequicktosenseoxygenlevelsandactaccordingly.C.Sealscanmaintaintheirheartrateevenwithlowbloodoxygenlevels.D.Sealsaremoresensitivetochangesintheenvironmentthanothermammals.DScienceservesasapowerfultoolforunlockingthemysteriesoftheuniversebutunderstandingitslimitationsisessentialforitseffectiveapplication.ThereareoccasionswhereIhaveusedthehandleofaknifeasahammer(錘子),buttheresultwouldhavebeenbetterifI’dhadamoresuitabletoolathand.Asfarassciencegoes,itisreallygoodattestingthingsthataretestable,butnotsoforthosethatarenot.Wecando,andhavedone,animpressiveamountwithourbrains.Buttherearelimits.Sometimestheselimitsgoawayifwekeepatitforlongenough—wejustneedbetterfacilitiesandexperimentstogettheanswer.Breakingnewgroundinmodernsciencethiswaycanbecostly.Next-generationsupercomputersorincrediblylargetelescopesareexpensive,yetthesemayberequiredtofindanswerstosomeoftheunsolvedmysteriesoftheuniverse.Sometimesthelimitsweencounterintryingtounlockthenatureoftheuniversearecognitive(認(rèn)知的).Thinkaboutthis:humanDNAisonlyabout1.2percentdifferentfromthatofchimps(黑猩猩).Chimpsaresmart,noquestion.Butcouldyouteachthemadvancedmathematics?WhatifourDNAwereanother1.2percentfurtherevolvedthanitis?Whatmightourbrainsbecapableofthen?Thelevelofabstractthinkingmightbeunimaginable.Sometimesthelimitswehitarefundamental.Therearelawsofnaturewemayneverbeabletounderstand,howeveradvancedourbrainsmightbecome.Thereareexperimentswemightneverbeabletoperform.Wemayneverbeabletotestwhatcausedtheuniversetobecreated,andwhatcausedthecauseoftheuniversebeingcreated.Thisiswheresciencemayneverbreakthrough.Forsomethingtobeconsideredscientific,itmust,bydefinition,betestable.Thereisaproblemhere:itmaynotneedtobetestablerightnow,butitmustbetestableatsomepointinthefuturebyexperiment.Ifanideaisuntestable,thatdoesn’tmeanitiswrong.Itmeansitisuntestablefornow.Theseuntestableideasalsohappentobesomeofthemostinterestingones,probablybecausethey’vepuzzledhumanityforcenturies.51.Whydoestheauthormention“knife”and“hammer”inParagraph1?A.Todemonstratehowtoolscanbeusedcreatively.B.Tohighlightconsequencesofusingawrongtool.C.Toshowthenecessityofkeepingahandytoolwithinreach.D.Tostresstheneedfortherighttooltoachievedesiredresults.52.Whatisoftenrequiredinbreakingnewgroundinscience?A.Broaderscienceeducation. B.Moreadvancedfacilitiesforexperiments.C.Deeperunderstandingofthebrainpower. D.Moreinvestmentinnext-generationscientists.53.Howdoestheauthorassesshumanbeingsintermsoftheircognitivecapacity?A.Theyarejust2.4%awayfromtrueabstractthinking.B.Theyareslightlysmarterthanotherintelligentbeings.C.Theyareyettoevolvefurthertolearnmoreabouttheuniverse.D.Theyaregoodatsolvingproblemswithadvancedmathematics.54.WhatmessagedoesParagraph4convey?A.Somepuzzlesabouttheuniversearewaybeyondscientificexploration.B.Experimentalresearchlayssolidfoundationsforspacetechnology.C.Boundariesofsciencecanbepushedbackwithdeterminedefforts.D.Limitationsofsciencemayresultfrominsufficienttesting.55.Whathastheauthoraddedtothedefinitionofascientificidea?A.Correctideasaretestable. B.Untestableideascanbetrue.C.Somescientificideasmayneverbetestable. D.Anideamustbetestabletobeseenascorrect.閱讀表達(dá)Inthemorning,Iwritethisto-dolist:1.Gotothebank.2.Getanicehaircut.3.Pickupmyacademicstatementfromcollege.4.Submitmypoems.Ithink,“That’senoughforoneday.”Upuntilafewyearsago,Ididn’taimtobeanywhere.Andinordertobenowhere,onedoesnotneedato-dolistasaguide.Focusingonlyonthemostpressingmatterinfrontofmewasenough.Letthenexturgentmomentthinkforme.MymotherhadtriedtoteachmeaboutplanningmydayeversinceIwas10.ButIneverpracticedituntilIwas25anddonewithcollege.That’swhenIawoketothefactthatIdidn’twanttowasteanymoretime.IliveinNigeria,wherelifeandsuccesscanbedifficult.Thereseemtobemanyroadstofailurehere.Igrewupseeingmymotherfirmlyinchargeofherday.Sheknew—andstillknows—wheresheneededtobeateverymoment,ineverydetail.Shemaynotbegoodatsinging,acting,orsports.Butsheisexcellentatplanning.Everydayshewritesalist.Ineverunderstoodwhyshehadtowritedownalistthatconsistsofitemsyoucaneasilyholdinyourmind.“Yourto-dolistislikeyoursecondmind,”shetoldmyyoungerself.“Ifyoueverfeellostoroverwhelmed,youconsultyoursecondmind.”Ididn’tunderstandwhatshemeantby“asecondmind”untilIseemedtolosemyfirstmindinmyeverydaylife.Sometimes,itseemsasthoughit’stherainyseasoninmymind,floodedwithconfusedanddistractingthoughtsthatleadnowhere.Ineedasecondmind—now!AsIsitinthebarbershopawaitingmynicehaircut,afriendasksme,“What’snext?”“Pickupmyacademicstatementfromcollege,”Isay.“Thensubmitmypoems.”“You’vegotitfiguredoutlikeagranny,”hejokes.“No,”Isay,“l(fā)ikemymother.”56.Whydidtheauthorbelievehedidn’tneedato-dolistbeforeheturned25?(nomorethan10words)_____________________________________________________________________________57.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrasemean?(nomorethan3words)_____________________________________________________________________________58.Whatkindofpersonistheauthor’smother?(nomorethan10words)_____________________________________________________________________________59.Whendidtheauthorturnto“asecondmind”forhelp?(nomorethan10words)_____________________________________________________________________________60.Howhaveyoubenefitedfromsomeadvicegivenbyafamilymember?Pleaseexplainwithanexample.(nomorethan20words)_____________________________________________________________________________61.假如你是晨光中學(xué)的李津，你在宇航愛好者論壇“SpaceAwaits”看到一則英文討論帖：一張記錄地球文明的光盤將隨探測器飛向外太空，光盤擬收錄具有代表性的音像資料。根據(jù)各國網(wǎng)友的提名，圖中六項人氣較高。請你根據(jù)以下提示用英文跟帖：（1）對提名的項目進(jìn)行概括性評論；（2）從中選取或另行推介一個你認(rèn)為最值得收錄的項目，并說明理由。SpaceAwaitsLiJinPostedonJune8th,20254:30p.m.此處不能答題注意：（1）詞數(shù)不少于100；（2）可適當(dāng)加入細(xì)節(jié)，使內(nèi)容充實、行文連貫。_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2025年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試（天津卷）英語筆試（第二次）1.—Letmetry,captain!Iwon’tletyoudown.—OK,Paul!.A.Yougotmewrong B.ItisyourtimetoshineC.Youmustbekidding D.Mindyourownbusiness【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查情景交際。句意：——讓我試試，船長！我不會讓你失望的?！玫?，保羅！該你大顯身手了。A.Yougotmewrong你誤解我了；B.Itisyourtimetoshine該你大顯身手了；C.Youmustbekidding你一定是在開玩笑；D.Mindyourownbusiness管好你自己的事。根據(jù)“OK,Paul!”可知，船長同意保羅嘗試，所以此處應(yīng)該是鼓勵保羅，說“該你大顯身手了”。故選B項。2.________virtualrealitybecomesmoreaccessible,manyschoolsaresettingupvirtualsciencelabs.A.As B.Until C.Unless D.Although【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查狀語從句。句意：隨著虛擬現(xiàn)實技術(shù)變得越來越普及，許多學(xué)校都在設(shè)立虛擬科學(xué)實驗室。根據(jù)后文“virtualrealitybecomesmoreaccessible”可知，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，表示“隨著”用as。故選A。3.TheStoneAgeisthenamegiventothetimeover2,000,000yearsago,lifewasverydifferentfromtoday.A.why B.which C.when D.where【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：“石器時代”指是大約200萬年前的那個時期，在那個時期，人類的生活與如今大不相同。非限制性定語從句修飾先行詞time，在從句作時間狀語，用when。故選C。4.DengJiaxianwasoneofthe23scientistswhoawardedfortheirextraordinarycontributionstoChina’s“twobombs,onesatellite”project.A.was B.were C.has D.have【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查主謂一致和動詞語態(tài)。句意：鄧稼先，是因?qū)χ袊皟蓮椧恍恰惫こ套龀鲎吭截暙I(xiàn)而獲獎的23位科學(xué)家之一。who引導(dǎo)定語從句，先行詞是the23scientists（復(fù)數(shù)名詞），關(guān)系詞who代替先行詞在從句中作主語，且與award為被動關(guān)系，事情發(fā)生在過去，時態(tài)用一般過去時，從句用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，be動詞用were。故選B。5.Thechildrenareencouragedtofollowtheirnatural,andlearnaboutwhatintereststhem.A.curiosity B.balance C.defence D.limitation【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：孩子們被鼓勵去追隨自己天生的好奇心，去探索他們感興趣的事物。A.curiosity好奇心；B.balance平衡；C.defence防御；D.limitation限制。根據(jù)后文“andlearnaboutwhatintereststhem”指鼓勵孩子追隨自己的好奇心。故選A。6.EngineersintheUKaregoingtobuildanewsatellitetotracksolarstorms.A.designed B.designing C.todesign D.havingdesigned【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：英國的工程師們將建造一顆新的衛(wèi)星，該衛(wèi)星旨在監(jiān)測太陽風(fēng)暴。此處design與satellite構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作定語。故選A。7.—Withmybrother’shelp,Ifinallycompletedmychemistryproject.—Congratulations!.A.Looselipssinkships B.Don’tjumpinwithtwofeetC.Don’tbeawetblanket D.Twoheadsarebetterthanone【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查固定表達(dá)。句意：——在哥哥的幫助下，我終于完成了我的化學(xué)實驗項目。——祝賀！三個臭皮匠頂個諸葛亮。A.Looselipssinkships口無遮攔會釀成大禍；B.Don’tjumpinwithtwofeet不要魯莽行事；C.Don’tbeawetblanket別掃大家的興；D.Twoheadsarebetterthanone三個臭皮匠頂個諸葛亮。根據(jù)上文“Withmybrother’shelp,”可知，夸贊多人合作比一人單獨做更有效，故選D。8.TheSongDynastytheintroductionofjiaozi,whichissupposedlytheworld’sfirstpapermoney.A.hasseen B.hadseen C.sees D.saw【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：宋朝見證了交子的出現(xiàn)，交子據(jù)說是世界上第一種紙幣。see(見證)作主句謂語，結(jié)合“TheSongDynasty”可知，這一動作發(fā)生在過去，應(yīng)用一般過去時。故選D項。9.Withrobotsvariousindustrialtasks,factorieshaveincreasedproductionefficiency.A.toperform B.tobeperformed C.performing D.beingperformed【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：隨著機器人執(zhí)行各種工業(yè)任務(wù)，工廠提高了生產(chǎn)效率。perform(執(zhí)行)在with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中作賓語補足語，用非謂語形式，與其邏輯主語robots之間是主動關(guān)系，應(yīng)現(xiàn)在分詞表主動。故選C項。10.Knowingyourweaknessliesisoneofthefirstandmostchallengingstepsinlearningtomanageyourself.A.that B.what C.how D.where【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查賓語從句。句意：知道你的弱點在哪里是學(xué)習(xí)自我管理的第一步也是最具挑戰(zhàn)性的步驟之一?！皔ourweaknesslies”是賓語從句，表示“你的弱點在哪里”，用連接副詞where引導(dǎo)賓語從句，在從句中作地點狀語。故選D項。11.Therearenodisplaysintheartmuseumandexhibitionschangeallthetime.A.permanent B.temporary C.elegant D.alternative【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：藝術(shù)博物館沒有永久性的展覽，展覽總是在變化。A.permanent永久的；B.temporary臨時的；C.elegant優(yōu)雅的；D.alternative可供選擇的。根據(jù)“exhibitionschangeallthetime”可推知，藝術(shù)博物館的展覽不是固定不變的，即沒有永久性的展覽，用形容詞permanent作定語，描述展覽的性質(zhì)。故選A項。12.NewmeasuresaretoimproveEnglishtranslationsinpublicplacesinChina.A.atrest B.inplace C.underpressure D.beyondreach【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：中國已出臺新措施以改善公共場所的英文翻譯工作。A.atrest靜止的；B.inplace實施；C.underpressure受到壓力；D.beyondreach無法達(dá)到。根據(jù)上文“Newmeasuresare”可知，指措施得到實施。故選B。13.Afamilydayoutisanopportunitytoworkandschoolandspendqualitytimetogether.A.putaside B.passon C.takeup D.giveaway【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：全家外出游玩是一個放下工作和學(xué)校事務(wù)，共度美好時光的機會。A.putaside把……放在一邊，暫不考慮；B.passon傳遞；C.takeup占據(jù)；D.giveaway贈送。結(jié)合“andspendqualitytimetogether”可知，空格處應(yīng)表達(dá)“放下（工作和學(xué)校事務(wù)）”，故用putaside。故選A。14.Noreaderremoveabookfromthelibrarywithoutpermission.A.would B.might C.shall D.need【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查情態(tài)動詞。句意：未經(jīng)圖書館管理員允許，任何讀者不得將書帶出圖書館。考查情態(tài)動詞。A.would將會；B.might可能；C.shall將要，將會；D.need需要。shall用于第二、三人稱表示命令、威脅、許諾、警告、規(guī)定等。故選C。15.Therearemanythingsteensshouldwhendecidingwhatcollegestoapplyto.A.setinmotion B.getundercontrolC.bringtoanend D.takeintoconsideration【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：青少年在決定申請哪所大學(xué)時，有很多事情需要考慮。A.setinmotion使開始；B.getundercontrol控制住；C.bringtoanend結(jié)束；D.takeintoconsideration考慮。根據(jù)“whendecidingwhatcollegestoapplyto”可知，在決定申請大學(xué)時，需要考慮很多事情，用動詞短語takeintoconsideration表示“考慮”，符合語境。故選D項。Life