PAGEPAGE12026春季學(xué)期國開電大本科《管理英語4》一平臺機考題庫說明：資料整理于2026年2月，適用于2026春季學(xué)期及以后學(xué)期國家開放大學(xué)本科學(xué)員一平臺期末機考考試。第四大題閱讀理解判斷題題庫本大題共包含5小題，每小題4分，共計20分。閱讀短文，判斷句子正誤，正確選“T”，錯誤選“F”。首字音序A★Astrategicplanisnottheendgoalofthestrategicplanningprocess-itistheframeworkforsuccessfullyimplementingastrategy.Untilastrategicplanisputintoeffect,ithasnorealvalue.Thereareseveralkeystosuccessfulimplementation.First,peopledirectlyinvolvedinexecutingthestrategymustbeincludedintheplanningprocess.Strategicplanningisnolongeratop-downdirective.Withouttheinputandfeedbackofthepeopleresponsibleforexecutingonthestrategy,aseeminglysolidstrategyislikelytofallapartwhenimplementationisattempted.Thenextkeytosuccessfulimplementationisclearlycommunicatingthestrategytothewholecompany.Thecommunicationshouldensurethateveryoneinthecompanyunderstandsandacceptsthestrategyasthebestpathforward,andnotsimplytheleadership’slatestidea.Withoutclearcommunication,employeeslackasenseofownershipandclarityofpurpose.Whenastrategyisnotunderstoodorembraced,itusuallyresultsinmisunderstandingandunevencommitmentstoimplementation.Anotherkeytothesuccessfulexecutionofastrategicplanistheclearandstraightforwarddescriptionoftheplananditsoperations.Eventhemostbrilliantstrategyfacesfailureifitcannotbeexplainedclearlyandconcisely.特別提醒：本題共5個小題，需要拉動答題框右邊的滾動條使5個試題顯示出來做答！！[判斷題]◆Thefinalgoalofthestrategicplanningprocessisastrategicplan.[答案]F[判斷題]◆Astrategicplanisvaluableifitisexecuted.[答案]T[判斷題]◆Therearefourkeystosuccessfulimplementation.[答案]F[判斷題]◆Agoodstrategyislikelytofallapartifwithouttheinputandfeedbackofthepeopleresponsibleforexecutingonthestrategy.[答案]T[判斷題]◆Leadership’sideadeterminesall.[答案]F首字音序C★CommunicationFailureThemeaningof“communication”goesalotdeeperthanpeopleoftenthink.Communicationisaboutconceiving,sending,receiving,andinterpretingmessagesaswellasconfirmingreceptionofthesemessages.Afailureatanypointinthischaincanresultinineffectivecommunication.Ineffectivecommunicationcanbedisastrous.ThereisafamousstoryofaBritishArmyCommanderwhosentthemessage“Sendreinforcements,we’regoingtoadvance.”backtohisCommandCenter,throughalongchainofsubordinates.WhenthemessagefinallyreachedtheCommandCenter,ithad“mutated”tobecome--“Sendthreeandfour-pence,we’regoingtoadance.”Thereinforcementsneverarrived.Youcandemonstratethissameprinciple,albeitonalessdramaticscale,bytryingtoplayChineseWhisperswithmorethan20people.Itishighlyunlikelythesamemessageyoustartedwithwillbetheoneyouendwith.Inabusiness,therearethreemaintypesofcommunicationfailure.Eachhasitsownindicativesigns.?Thefirsttypeisknownasallocativefailure.Thisoccurswhenafirmisnotgatheringenoughintelligenceaboutitsmarketor(mostoften),theinformationisnotreachingtherightpoints.Thefirmwillnotbeallocatingresourcesinstepwiththeshiftsindemand.Ifdemandisrisingbutthefirmissufferingfromallocativecommunicationfailure,thenstockswillfallandtherewillbeunderstaffing.Iftheinversehappens,therewillbeasurplusofstocksandoverstaffing.?Thesecondtypeisexecutivefailure,wherecommunicationtotriggerspecificevents/actionsiseitherlate,lackingorinerror.Thesymptomsofthisareagenerallossofdirectioninthecompanyordepartments,alossofco-ordinationandanincreaseincomplaintsfromcustomersasthingshappenlateornotatall.?Thefinaltypeishumanfailure.Thisoccurswhenthegeneralcultureofabusinessortherelationshipsbetweenparticularindividualsordepartmentsdonotfostereffectivecommunication.Thisleadstoalienatedstaff,anincreaseinstaffturnover,anincreaseinabsenteeismandgeneralfrustrationamongstaff.Creativity,especiallythatwhichtakesplaceacrossdepartmentalboundaries,islikelytosufferhugelyasteamsynergyslips.特別提醒：本題共5個小題，需要拉動答題框右邊的滾動條使5個試題顯示出來做答?。判斷題]◆Communicationchaindoesnotinvolveconfirmationofreceivingmessages.[答案]F[判斷題]◆Ifdemandisdecreasing,allocativecommunicationfailurewillresultinoverstockingandunderstaffing.[答案]T[判斷題]◆Increasingcustomercomplaintsisoneofthesymptomsofexecutivefailure.[答案]T[判斷題]◆Humanfailurehappenswhentwodepartmentsdonotcommunicateeffectively.[答案]T[判斷題]◆Thecommunicationchainiscompletelydifferentindailylifeasinabusiness.[答案]F★CREATEAPOSITIVEWORKPLACECULTUREIncompetitivemarkets,leadersareunderincreasedpressuretomaintainapositiveworkculture.Apositiveworkculturecultivatesgreateremployeesatisfaction;greateremployeesatisfactioncontributestohigherperformance;higherperformanceimpactsimprovedclientoutcomes;improvedclientoutcomescontributetoserviceexcellence.Positiveworkculturesarebuiltovertimeandneedconstantattention.Suchculturesaredependentonleadershipvisionandvalues.Aneffectiveleadersetsthetonefortheteam,encouragesapositiveworkplacecultureandisabletobringaboutculturalchange.Workplacecultureismadeupofthesharedattitudes,beliefs,behaviors,valuesandexpectationsthatinfluencethewaypeopleworkintheworkplace.Itisthewaywedothingsaroundhere.Someculturalaspectsareunderstoodbyallandareobvioussuchasturningupforwokontime,whileothersmaybeunwrittenrulesthatarenotsoobviousforexamplehowpersonalissuesareresolvedwithworkcolleagues.Manyfactorsthatinfluencewhetheraworkplacehasapositiveoutlookarewithinthecontrolofpeoplewhoworkinaworkplace.Therearealsofactorsoutoftheircontrol,suchasslumpsinglobalpricesorachangeindemandandsupply.Thecompanycan,however,controlhowtheyrespondtothesefactors.Thosecompaniesthatdocreatepositiveworkplaceenvironmentsdevelopareputationintheircommunityasbeing’goodtoworkfor’andhaveacompetitiveedge.Notonlyarethesecompaniesmoreabletoattractandretainpeople,theytendtobemorestableastheyproactivelydealwithissuesandadapttochange.Teamsworkbestwhentheyareclearaboutwhatisexpectedofthem.Theyaremoreabletodealwithdifficultissuesiftheyfeelthevaluesoftheorganizationaresupportiveofthem.Foraworkplaceculturetobepositive,thedirectionandactionsofthebusinessmustbeconsistentwiththecorevaluesofthepeopleintheworkplace.Thepeoplemusttrusteachotherandbeabletoopenlyexpressandexchangeideas.Workingthroughthesestepswillhelpwithdevelopingapositivebusinessculture.特別提醒：本題共5個小題，需要拉動答題框右邊的滾動條使5個試題顯示出來做答??！[判斷題]◆Apositiveworkculturewillgiveworkersmoresatisfaction.[答案]T[判斷題]◆Positivecultureshavealottodowithleadershipvisionandvalues.[答案]T[判斷題]◆Thedirectionandactionsforthebusinessmustdifferfromthecorevaluesoftheemployeesinorderforaworkplaceculturetobepositive.[答案]F[判斷題]◆Incompetitivemarkets,leadersareundermoreandmorepressuretokeepapositiveworkculture.[答案]T[判斷題]◆Positiveworkculturecanbebuiltinashortperiodoftime.[答案]F首字音序H★HABITSOFHIGHLYEFFECTIVECOMMUNICATORSIt’snosecretthatgoodleadersarealsogoodcommunicators.Indeed,communicationandleadershipareinextricablytied.Howcanyougalvanize,inspireorguideothersifyoudon’tcommunicateinaclear,credibleandauthenticway?Hereare5essentialcommunicationpracticesofeffectiveleaders：1.Mindthesay-dogap.Trustisthebedrockofeffectiveleadership-yourbehaviorisyoursinglegreatestmodeofcommunication,anditmustbecongruentwithwhatyousay.Ifyouractionsdon’talignwithyourwords,youarestoringuptroubleforthefuture.2.Makethecomplexsimple.Effectiveleadersdistillcomplexthoughtsandstrategiesintosimple,memorabletermsthatcolleaguesandcustomerscangraspandactupon.Themostimportantthingistoclarifywhatyouwanttosay,lookoutfortechnicaljargonandavoidbusinessspeak,whichaddcomplexity.Saywhatyoumeaninasfewwordsaspossible.3.Findyourownvoice.Uselanguagethat’sdistinctlyyourown;letyourvaluescomethroughinyourcommunication.Correctuseoflanguageandgrammarareimportant,ofcourse,butdon’tbecomeoverlyfixatedoneloquenceforeloquence’ssake;concentrateonbeingdistinctandreal.Peoplewantreal,peoplerespectreal,peoplefollowreal.4.Bevisible.Visibilityisaboutlettingyourkeystakeholdersgetafeelforwhoyouareandwhatyoucareabout.Don’thidebehindacomputerandonlyinteractwithpeopleelectronically-seethemfacetofaceandvoicetovoice,andinteractwiththeminareal,substantialway.Intoday’senvironment,wherepeopleareoftenburnedout,it’simportantforemployeestohaveapersonalconnectionwithyouandtheworkyoubelievein.Showthepeoplethatworkforyouthatyou’reengagedandthatyoucareaboutthemandtheirwork.5.Listenwithyoureyesaswellasyourears.Effectivecommunicationisatwo-wayprocess,andgoodleadersknowhowtoaskgoodquestions,andthenlistenwithboththeireyesandtheirears.Becauseyouareinapositionofauthority,othersmaybereluctanttoexpresstheirrealopinionstoyoudirectly.Youwon’talwaysgetdirectfeedback,soyouneedtoalsobeabletoreadbetweenthelinesandlookforthenon-verbalcues.特別提醒：本題共5個小題，需要拉動答題框右邊的滾動條使5個試題顯示出來做答??！[判斷題]◆Communicationandleadershipdon’talwaysgohandinhand.[答案]F[判斷題]◆Thesay-dogaphappenswhenpeoplemisunderstandtheirleader’sintention.[答案]F[判斷題]◆Usingtechnicaljargonmakesaleaderconvincing.[答案]F[判斷題]◆Communicatingsincerelyisalwaysthebest.[答案]T[判斷題]◆Observationisasimportantascommunicationwhenyouwanttoknowwhatpeoplereallythink.[答案]T首字音序I★Incompetitivemarkets,leadersareunderincreasedpressuretomaintainapositiveworkculture.Apositiveworkculturecultivatesgreateremployeesatisfaction;greateremployeesatisfactioncontributestohigherperformance;higherperformanceimpactsimprovedclientoutcomes;improvedclientoutcomescontributetoserviceexcellence.Positiveworkculturesarebuiltovertimeandneedconstantattention.Suchculturesaredependentonleadershipvisionandvalues.Aneffectiveleadersetsthetonefortheteam,encouragesapositiveworkplacecultureandisabletobringaboutculturalchange.Workplacecultureismadeupofthesharedattitudes,beliefs,behaviors,valuesandexpectationsthatinfluencethewaypeopleworkintheworkplace.Itis“thewaywedothingsaroundhere”.Someculturalaspectsareunderstoodbyallandareobvioussuchasturningupforwokontime,whileothersmaybe“unwrittenrules”thatarenotsoobviousforexamplehowpersonalissuesareresolvedwithworkcolleagues.Manyfactorsthatinfluencewhetheraworkplacehasapositiveoutlookarewithinthecontrolofpeoplewhoworkinaworkplace.Therearealsofactorsoutoftheircontrol,suchasslumpsinglobalpricesorachangeindemandandsupply.Thecompanycan,however,controlhowtheyrespondtothesefactors.Thosecompaniesthatdocreatepositiveworkplaceenvironmentsdevelopareputationintheircommunityasbeing’goodtoworkfor’andhaveacompetitiveedge.Notonlyarethesecompaniesmoreabletoattractandretainpeople,theytendtobemorestableastheyproactivelydealwithissuesandadapttochange.Teamsworkbestwhentheyareclearaboutwhatisexpectedofthem.Theyaremoreabletodealwithdifficultissuesiftheyfeelthevaluesoftheorganizationaresupportiveofthem.Foraworkplaceculturetobepositive,thedirectionandactionsofthebusinessmustbeconsistentwiththecorevaluesofthepeopleintheworkplace.Thepeoplemusttrusteachotherandbeabletoopenlyexpressandexchangeideas.Workingthroughthesestepswillhelpwithdevelopingapositivebusinessculture.特別提醒：本題共5個小題，需要拉動答題框右邊的滾動條使5個試題顯示出來做答??！[判斷題]◆Apositiveworkculturewillgiveworkersmoresatisfaction.[答案]T[判斷題]◆Positivecultureshavealottodowithleadershipvisionandvalues.[答案]T[判斷題]◆Thedirectionandactionsforthebusinessmustdifferfromthecorevaluesoftheemployeesinorderforaworkplaceculturetobepositive.[答案]F[判斷題]◆Incompetitivemarkets,leadersareundermoreandmorepressuretokeepapositiveworkculture.[答案]T[判斷題]◆Positiveworkculturecanbebuiltinashortperiodoftime.[答案]F★It’simportantforaCEOtobepassionateandenthusiastic,butthere’salineofprofessionalismthatmustalwaysbemaintained.AccordingtoareportfromthetechnologywebsiteVentureBeat,PayPalCEODavidMarcuswroteacriticallettertohisemployeesblamingthemfornotusingPayPalproductsandencouragingthemtoleaveiftheydidn’thavethepassiontousetheproductstheyworkfor.Accordingtothewebsite,partoftheleakedletterreads:It’sbeenbroughttomyattentionthatwhentestingpayingwithmobileatCafe17lastweek,someofyourefusedtoinstallthePayPalapp,andothersdidn’tevenremembertheirPayPalpasswords.That’sunacceptabletome,andtherestofmyteam,everyoneatPayPalshoulduseourproductswhereavailable.That’stheonlywaywecanmakethembetter,andbetter.Inclosing,ifyouareoneofthefolkswhorefusedtoinstallthePayPalapporifyoucan’trememberyourPayPalpassword,doyourselfafavor,goandfindsomethingthatwillconnectwithyourheartandmindelsewhere.Whilenotobviousatfirst,theletterrevealsaproblemofmoraleandcultureatPayPal.Asanexecutive,youcertainlywantyouremployeestouseandpromoteyourproducts.However,whenfacedwithasituationwherestaffisn’tembracingwhattheymake,youneedtoinvestigatetherootoftheproblem-notthreaten.Whenfacedwithinternalproblems,goodexecutivesstartbyaskingwhy.Theyreachouttotheirexecutiveteamfirstandthentotheentirestafftofindtherootofaproblemandhowtofixit.Sendingoutaone-sidednoteabouttheproblemisnotleading,it’sretreating.Leadershipstartsbylistening.Goodexecutivesneedtogetoutamongthestaffandaskquestionsandlistenwithoutjudgmentorreaction.ThefactthatcompanyemployeesarenotembracingandusingitsproductsisafailureofleadershipthatMarcusneedstoaddressbyself-reflection.Attheendoftheday,ifhisemployeeshavetobeforcedtousetheapp,howcanheexpectconsumerstowanttowillinglypaytouseit?Marcusshouldhavefocusedonthreequestions:●Whyareyounotusingtheapp?●Whatisitthatwecandotoensureyouuseourapp?●Whatdoyouneedfromme?特別提醒：本題共5個小題，需要拉動答題框右邊的滾動條使5個試題顯示出來做答?。判斷題]◆ACEOonlyneedstobepassionateandenthusiastic.[答案]F[判斷題]◆ItisnotprofessionalthatPayPalCEOblameshisemployeesnottousePayPalorforgetPayPalpasswords.[答案]T[判斷題]◆Aone-sidednotereferstotherootofPayPal’sproblem.[答案]F[判斷題]◆Whenfacedwithinternalproblems,goodexecutivesfindtherootofaproblemintheirexecutiveteamfirst.[答案]T[判斷題]◆Goodexecutivesneedtogivefeedbackimmediatelywhentheyarelisteningtothestaff.[答案]F★It’snosecretthatgoodleadersarealsogoodcommunicators.Indeed,communicationandleadershipareinextricablytied.Howcanyougalvanize,inspireorguideothersifyoudon’tcommunicateinaclear,credibleandauthenticway?Hereare5essentialcommunicationpracticesofeffectiveleaders:1.Mindthesay-dogap.Trustisthebedrockofeffectiveleadership–yourbehaviorisyoursinglegreatestmodeofcommunication,anditmustbecongruentwithwhatyousay.Ifyouractionsdon’talignwithyourwords,youarestoringuptroubleforthefuture.2.Makethecomplexsimple.Effectiveleadersdistillcomplexthoughtsandstrategiesintosimple,memorabletermsthatcolleaguesandcustomerscangraspandactupon.Themostimportantthingistoclarifywhatyouwanttosay,lookoutfortechnicaljargonandavoidbusinessspeak,whichaddcomplexity.Saywhatyoumeaninasfewwordsaspossible.3.Findyourownvoice.Uselanguagethat’sdistinctlyyourown;letyourvaluescomethroughinyourcommunication.Correctuseoflanguageandgrammarareimportant,ofcourse,butdon’tbecomeoverlyfixatedoneloquenceforeloquence’ssake;concentrateonbeingdistinctandreal.Peoplewantreal,peoplerespectreal,peoplefollowreal.4.BevisibleVisibilityisaboutlettingyourkeystakeholdersgetafeelforwhoyouareandwhatyoucareabout.Don’thidebehindacomputerandonlyinteractwithpeopleelectronically–seethemfacetofaceandvoicetovoice,andinteractwiththeminareal,substantialway.Intoday’senvironment,wherepeopleareoftenburnedout,it’simportantforemployeestohaveapersonalconnectionwithyouandtheworkyoubelievein.Showthepeoplethatworkforyouthatyou’reengagedandthatyoucareaboutthemandtheirwork.5.Listenwithyoureyesaswellasyourears.Effectivecommunicationisatwo-wayprocess,andgoodleadersknowhowtoaskgoodquestions,andthenlistenwithboththeireyesandtheirears.Becauseyouareinapositionofauthority,othersmaybereluctanttoexpresstheirrealopinionstoyoudirectly.Youwon’talwaysgetdirectfeedback,soyouneedtoalsobeabletoreadbetweenthelinesandlookforthenon-verbalcues.特別提醒：本題共5個小題，需要拉動答題框右邊的滾動條使5個試題顯示出來做答??！[判斷題]◆Communicationandleadershipdon’talwaysgohandinhand.[答案]F[判斷題]◆Thesay-dogaphappenswhenpeoplemisunderstandtheirleader’sintention.[答案]F[判斷題]◆Usingtechnicaljargonmakesaleaderconvincing.[答案]F[判斷題]◆Communicatingsincerelyisalwaysthebest.[答案]T[判斷題]◆Observationisasimportantascommunicationwhenyouwanttoknowwhatpeoplereallythink.[答案]T首字音序J★JackWelchLeadingOrganizationalChangeatGEWhenJackWelch,theChairmanandCEOatGeneralElectric(GE)retiredin2001,hecouldlookbackataverysuccessfulcareer.HebecameCEOin1981attheageof45.Atthattime,GEhadaverycomplexorganizationalstructurewithconsiderablybureaucraticrules.Oneofhisfirstchangeswastoinitiateastrategyformulationprocesswiththeguidelinethateachofthebusinessesshouldbenumberlor2intheirrespectiveareas.Ifthiswasnotthecase,managershadtheoptionsoffixingtheproblem,sellingtheirparticularbusiness,orclosingit.Inanefforttostreamlinetheorganization,Welchremovedthesectorlevelandeliminatedthousandsofsalariedandhourlyemployeepositions.TherestructuringwasfollowedbychangingtheorganizationalcultureandthemanagerialstylesofGE’smanagers.OnesuchprogramwastheWork-Out(群策群力).Groupsofmanagerswereassembledtosharetheirviewsopenlyinthree-daysessions.Atthebeginningofthemeetings,thesuperiorpresentedthechallengesforhisorherorganizationalunit.Thenthesuperiorhadtoleave,requestingthegroupstofindsolutionstotheproblems.Facilitators(會議主持人)helpedthesediscussions.Onthelastday,thesuperiorwaspresentedwithproposedsolutions.Heorshethenhadthreechoices:toaccepttheproposal,nottoacceptit,ortocollectmoreinformation.Thisprocessputgreatpressureonthesuperiortomakedecisions.AnotherprogramtoimproveeffectivenessandefficiencywasBestPractices.Theaimwastolearnfromothercompanieshowtheyobtainedcustomersatisfaction,howtheyrelatedtotheirsuppliers,andinwhatwaystheydevelopednewproducts.ThishelpedtheGEpeopletofocusontheprocessesintheiroperationsthatwouldimprovethecompany’sperformance.JackWelchwaspersonallyinvolvedindevelopingmanagersatGE’strainingcenterinCrotonville.Leaders,Welchsuggested,arenotonlythosewhoachieveresultsbutalsothosewhosharethevaluesofthecompany.特別提醒：本題共5個小題，需要拉動答題框右邊的滾動條使5個試題顯示出來做答??！[判斷題]◆JackWelchretiredattheageof65.[答案]T[判斷題]◆JackWelchinsistedthateachofthebusinessesshouldbeatleasttop5intheirrespectivearea.[答案]F[判斷題]◆IfthebusinesscouldnotmeetWelch’schangerequirements,itsmanagerhad3choices.[答案]T[判斷題]◆TherestructuringwentbeforechangingtheorganizationalcultureandthemanagerialstylesofGE’smanagers.[答案]T[判斷題]◆TheWorkOutlastedaweek.[答案]F首字音序N★Nokiaexecutivesattemptedtoexplainitsfallfromthetopofthesmartphonepyramidwiththreefactors:1)thatNokiawastechnicallyinferiortoApple,2)thatthecompanywascomplacentand,3)thatitsleadersdidn’tseethedisruptiveiPhonecoming.Ithasalsobeenarguedthatitwasnoneoftheabove.Nokialostthesmartphonebattlebecauseofdivergentsharedfearsamongthecompany’smiddleandtopmanagerswhichledtocompany-wideinertiathatleftitpowerlesstorespondtoApple’sgame.Basedonthefindingsofanin-depthinvestigationand76interviewswithtopandmiddlemanagers,engineersandexternalexperts,theresearchersdiscoveredacultureoffearduetotemperamentalleadersandthatfrightenedmiddlemanagerswerescaredoftellingthetruth.Thefearthatfrozethecompanycamefromtwoplaces.First,thecompany’stopmanagershadaterrifyingreputation.SomemembersofNokia’sboardandtopmanagementweredescribedas“extremelytemperamental”andtheyregularlyshoutedatpeople“atthetopoftheirlungs”.Itwasverydifficulttotellthemthingstheydidn’twanttohear.Secondly,topmanagerswereafraidoftheexternalenvironmentandnotmeetingtheirquarterlytargets,whichalsoimpactedhowtheytreatedmiddlemanagers.Topmanagersthusmademiddlemanagersafraidofdisappointingthem.Middlemanagersweretoldthattheywerenotambitiousenoughtomeettopmanagers’goals.Fearingthereactionsoftopmanagers,middlemanagersremainedsilentorprovidedoptimistic,filteredinformation.Thus,middlemanagersdirectlyliedtotopmanagement.Worse,acultureofstatusinsideNokiamadeeveryonewanttoholdontovestedpowerforfearofresourcesbeingallocatedelsewhereiftheydeliveredbadnewsorshowedthattheywerenotboldorambitiousenoughtoundertakechallengingassignments.Beyondverbalpressure,topmanagersalsoappliedpressureforfasterperformanceinpersonnelselection.Thisledmiddlemanagerstooverpromiseandunderdeliver.Onemiddlemanagertoldusthat“youcangetresourcesbypromisingsomethingearlier,orpromisingalot.It’ssaleswork.”Whilemodestfearmightbehealthyformotivation,abusingitcanbelikeoverusingadrug,whichrisksgeneratingharmfulsideeffects.Toreducethisrisk,leadersshouldcoordinatewiththevariedemotionsofthestaff.Nokia’stopmanagersshouldhaveencouragedsafedialogue,internalcoordinationandfeedbacktounderstandthetrueemotionintheorganization.特別提醒：本題共5個小題，需要拉動答題框右邊的滾動條使5個試題顯示出來做答！！[判斷題]◆NokialostthesmartphonebattlebecauseitstechnologyisnotasgoodasthatofApple.[答案]F[判斷題]◆Nokia’smiddlemanagerswerefranktotellthetruth,butthetoponesdidn’tlistentothem.[答案]F[判斷題]◆Nokia’stopmanagersweretoomoodytohearanythingunpleasant.[答案]T[判斷題]◆MiddlemanagersinNokiadeliveredresultsmorethantheypromisedearlier.[答案]F[判斷題]◆Nokia’stopmanagersshouldhavehadbetterconversationtechniquestoencourageinternalcoordinationandtruth.[答案]T首字音序P★PerformanceManagementandPerformanceAppraisalPerformancemanagementaimstoacknowledgeemployeeachievements,supporttheirpersonalandprofessionaldevelopment,andmotivateandempowerthemtoperformtheirworkeffectively.Performancemanagementhelpsemployeestodeveloptheirunderstanding,knowledgeandskillssothattheycancontributetotheachievementoftheenterprise’sgoalsandgainpersonalandjobsatisfaction.Itisavitalpartofanyqualityhumanresourcesystem.Everyenterprisewantsandshouldexpecthighperformancefromeachemployee.Theelementsofacompetency-basedperformancemanagementsystemwill,ifimplementedwell,enablehighperformancewhichwilldefineenterpriseandpersonalsuccess.Usingperformancemanagementprocesses,anenterprisecanbebetterplacedtomeetcompetitivechallenges.Thisisdoneby:●identifyingthecriticalpositions●determiningthemostimportantcompetenciesforthosepositions●providingtheeducation,trainingandfeedbackrequiredbyemployees●holdingeachpersonaccountablefortheirresultsThekeytotheperformancemanagementprocessis’performanceappraisal’.Performanceappraisalissimplyanevaluationofhowwellanemployeeperformshisorherjobcomparedtoasetofpredeterminedstandards.Itisasystematicprocessoffeedbackonanemployee’sworkperformance,andagreementtofuturetrainingplans,jobgoalsandjobaspirations.Tobeeffective,aperformanceappraisalneedstohaveasetofagreedcriteriathatwillbethebasisoffeedbackaswellasofsettingfuturegoals.Unitsofcompetencyprovideaveryeffectivetoolforsettingbenchmarksorcriteriaforworkperformance.Theperformancecriteriawithinunitsofcompetencycanbeusedasmeasurestoassessagainstinaperformanceappraisalorreview.特別提醒：本題共5個小題，需要拉動答題框右邊的滾動條使5個試題顯示出來做答??！[判斷題]◆Performancemanagementisaveryimportantpartofanyqualityhumanresourcesystem.[答案]T[判斷題]◆Theaimofperformancemanagementistopunishunqualifiedemployees.[答案]F[判斷題]◆Anenterprisecanbebetterplacedtomeetcompetitivechallengesbyprovidingtheeducation,training,andfeedbackrequiredbyemployees,forexample.[答案]T[判斷題]◆Everyenterprisecanexpecthighperformancefromeachemployee.[答案]F[判斷題]◆“Performancemanagement”isalsocalled“performanceappraisal”.[答案]F首字音序T★TIPSFORTEAMBUILDINGWhenyouthinkofteambuilding,doyouimmediatelypictureyourgroupoffataresortplayinggamesorhangingfromropes?Traditionally,manyorganizationsapproachteambuildinginthiswaybut,then,theywonderwhythatwonderfulsenseofteamworkthathasbeendisplayedattheretreatortheseminarfailstoimpactlong-termbeliefsandactionsbackatwork.I’mnotaversetoretreats,planningsessions,seminarsandteambuildingactivities-infactIleadthem-buttheyhavetoformpartofamuchlargerteamworkeffort.Youwillnotbuildteamworkby“retreating”asagroupforacoupleofdayseachyear,insteadyouneedtothinkofteambuildingassomethingyoudoeverysingleday.Formteamstosolverealworkissuesandtoimproverealworkprocesses.Providetraininginsystematicmethodssotheteamexpendsitsenergyontheproject,notontryingtoworkouthowtoworktogetherasateamtoapproachtheproblem.Holddepartmentmeetingstoreviewprojectsandprogress,toobtainbroadinput,andtocoordinatesharedworkprocesses.Ifthereisfrict