五、NormalCurvesofvertebralcolumnCervicalcurvature頸曲

convexforwardThoraciccurvature胸曲

convexbackward

Lumbarcurvature腰曲

convexforwardSacralcurvature骶曲

convexbackwardGeneralfeaturesofvertebraeVertebralbody椎體Vertebralarch椎弓pedicleofvertebralarch椎弓根:sup.andinf.Vertebralnotch

椎上、下切跡

laminaofvertebralarch椎弓板process(7):spinousprocess棘突transverseprocess橫突sup.andinf.articularprocesses

上、下關(guān)節(jié)突Vertebralforamen椎孔

Vertebralcanal椎管Intervertebralforamen椎間孔Lumbarvertebrae

VertebraeBody：

larger,kidney-shapeVertebralforamen:largerandtriangularSpinousprocesses:projectshorizontallyTransverseprocesses:longArticularprocesses:sagittal1.Jointsofthevertebralbodies椎體間的連結(jié)Intervertebraldiscs

椎間盤

betweenbodiesofadjacentvertebrae,composedof:Nucleuspulpous髓核,aninnersoft,pulpy,highlyelasticstructure(gelatinouscore)Annulusfibrosus纖維環(huán)

anouterfibrousringconsistingoffibrocartilageHerniaofnucleuspulpous

髓核脫出7891011122.Jointsofthevertebralarches椎弓間的連結(jié)Ligamentaflava

黃韌帶―elasticligament,unitelaminaeofadjacentvertebrae,andcompletetheposteriorwallofvertebralcanal;tendtopreventhyperflexionofthevertebralcolumnInterspinalligament棘間韌帶Supraspinalligament棘上韌帶Ligamentumnuchae項韌帶

Intertansverseligament橫突間韌帶Zygapophysialjoint關(guān)節(jié)突關(guān)節(jié)1415椎管狹窄發(fā)生于椎管、側(cè)隱窩和椎間孔。先天或后天性。頸<10mm，腰<11.5mmCT：①椎體后緣骨贅向椎管內(nèi)突入。②側(cè)隱窩狹窄：椎間盤退變膨出和上下關(guān)節(jié)突肥大是其主要原因，前后徑<2mm為狹窄，2-4mm為可疑。③黃韌帶或后縱韌帶肥厚、骨化。④椎體滑脫—椎板峽部裂或椎間盤、韌帶退變。MRI