2026年研究生入學(xué)英語考試閱讀理解與寫作模擬題第一部分：閱讀理解（共4題，每題2分，滿分8分）Passage1(2題，每題2分)主題：數(shù)字經(jīng)濟(jì)對(duì)傳統(tǒng)制造業(yè)的轉(zhuǎn)型影響——以中國(guó)長(zhǎng)三角地區(qū)為例Therapidadvancementofdigitaltechnologyhasreshapedindustriesworldwide,withthemanufacturingsectorinChina'sYangtzeRiverDelta(YRD)experiencingprofoundchanges.Traditionalfactoriesinthisregion,oncereliantonlabor-intensiveproductionmodels,arenowadoptingautomationandartificialintelligence(AI)toenhanceefficiency.A2023reportbytheChineseAcademyofSciences(CAS)highlightsthatover60%ofmanufacturingfirmsintheYRDhaveintegrateddigitalsolutionsintotheiroperations.Thisshifthasnotonlyimprovedproductivitybutalsocreatednewchallenges,suchastheneedforskilledworkersindigitalsystems.However,thebenefitsareundeniable.Forinstance,thecityofSuzhouhasseena30%reductioninproductioncostsafterimplementingsmartfactories.Meanwhile,thelocalgovernmenthasinvestedheavilyintrainingprogramstobridgetheskillsgap.Despitetheseefforts,someexpertsarguethatthetransitioncouldleadtojoblossesinlower-skilledsectors.Asof2024,theYRDhasbecomeaglobalhubfordigitalmanufacturing,attractingforeigninvestmentandfosteringinnovation.Questions:1.Whatistheprimaryfocusofthepassage?A)TheeconomicimpactofdigitaltechnologyonChina'sruralareas.B)ThetransformationoftraditionalmanufacturingintheYangtzeRiverDelta.C)ThegovernmentpoliciessupportingdigitalizationinChineseindustries.D)ThechallengesofAIadoptioninsmallfactories.(Answer:B)2.Accordingtothepassage,whatisasignificantconcernaboutdigitalmanufacturing?A)Increasedproductioncostsduetoautomation.B)Thelackofgovernmentfundingfordigitalinitiatives.C)Potentialjoblossesinlower-skilledsectors.D)Theinefficiencyofsmartfactories.(Answer:C)Passage2(2題，每題2分)主題：氣候變化對(duì)東南亞農(nóng)業(yè)的影響及應(yīng)對(duì)策略SoutheastAsia,aregionheavilyreliantonagriculture,facesseverechallengesduetoclimatechange.Risingtemperaturesandirregularrainfallpatternshavedisruptedcropyields,particularlyincountrieslikeVietnamandIndonesia.A2023studybytheAsianDevelopmentBank(ADB)revealsthatclimatechangecouldreducericeproductioninSoutheastAsiaby10%by2030.Thissituationthreatensfoodsecurityandeconomicstabilityintheregion.Tomitigatetheseeffects,governmentsandNGOshaveproposedseveralsolutions.Oneapproachistheadoptionofclimate-resilientcrops,suchasdrought-resistantricevarieties.Additionally,agroforestry—integratingtreeswithcrops—hasshownpromiseinenhancingsoilfertilityandwaterconservation.However,theimplementationofthesemeasuresrequiressubstantialinvestment,whichisahurdleformanydevelopingnations.ThePhilippines,forexample,hasinitiatedanationalprogramtopromotesustainablefarmingpractices.Despiteprogress,expertsemphasizetheneedforbroaderinternationalcooperationtoaddresstherootcausesofclimatechange.Questions:3.Whatisthemainproblemdiscussedinthepassage?A)ThedeclineofindustrialmanufacturinginSoutheastAsia.B)Theimpactofclimatechangeonagriculturalproductivity.C)Thelackofgovernmentsupportforfarmersintheregion.D)Thespreadofwaterscarcityinurbanareas.(Answer:B)4.Accordingtothepassage,whatisonesolutiontoclimatechange'seffectsonagriculture?A)Increasingtheuseofchemicalfertilizers.B)Plantingdrought-resistantcrops.C)Reducinggovernmentspendingonagriculture.D)Encouragingurbanizationtoreducefarmingland.(Answer:B)第二部分：寫作（共1題，滿分20分）Prompt:Somepeoplebelievethatuniversitiesshouldprioritizeteachingpracticalskills(e.g.,coding,dataanalysis)overtheoreticalknowledge.Othersarguethatastrongfoundationintheoryisessentialforlong-termacademicandprofessionalsuccess.Discussbothviewsandgiveyourownopinion.Instructions:Writeanessayin200–300words.SampleAnswer:Thedebateoverwhetheruniversitiesshouldemphasizepracticalskillsortheoreticalknowledgereflectsdifferingeducationalphilosophies.Advocatesforpracticaltrainingarguethatindustriesincreasinglydemandhands-onabilities,suchascodingordataanalysis,todriveinnovation.Forexample,techcompaniesfavorgraduateswithreal-worldexperienceoverthosewithpurelyacademicbackgrounds.Thisapproachalignswiththefast-pacednatureofmoderncareers,whereadaptabilityiskey.However,criticscontendthattheoreticalknowledgeprovidesadeeperunderstandingofunderlyingprinciples,whichisvitalforlong-termgrowth.Fieldslikephysicsorphilosophyrelyonabstractconceptsthatshapefuturediscoveries.Withoutastrongtheoreticalfoundation,studentsmaystruggletosolvecomplexproblemscreatively.Moreover,theoreticallearningfosterscriticalthinking,askillvaluableacrossallprofessions.Inmyview,abalancedcurriculumisideal.Universitiesshouldintegratepracticaltrainingwhilemaintainingtheoreticalrigor.Forinstance,coursesinengineeringcouldcombineengineeringprincipleswithproject-basedlearning.Thisapproachequipsstudentswithbothbreadthanddepth,preparingthemfordynamiccareers.Ultimately,thegoalshouldbetoproducewell-roundedprofessionalswhocanadapttoevolvingdemands.答案與解析閱讀理解Passage11.B)ThetransformationoftraditionalmanufacturingintheYangtzeRiverDelta.解析：文章主要討論長(zhǎng)三角地區(qū)傳統(tǒng)制造業(yè)如何通過數(shù)字化實(shí)現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)型，選項(xiàng)B最符合主題。2.C)Potentialjoblossesinlower-skilledsectors.解析：文章提到自動(dòng)化可能導(dǎo)致低技能崗位減少，選項(xiàng)C為正確答案。Passage23.B)Theimpactofclimatechan