1東北草甸草原家畜混合放牧技術(shù)規(guī)程（征求意見(jiàn)稿）編制說(shuō)明7號(hào)）要求“牧區(qū)要以實(shí)現(xiàn)草畜平衡為目標(biāo)，優(yōu)化畜群結(jié)構(gòu)，控制放牧牲畜數(shù)量，草地放牧的管理方法與技術(shù)能夠成為草地畜2表1標(biāo)準(zhǔn)起草組成員構(gòu)成表姓名性別專業(yè)所在單位職稱主要任務(wù)組長(zhǎng)劉鞠善男生態(tài)學(xué)東北師范大學(xué)教授標(biāo)準(zhǔn)制定組員王德利男生態(tài)學(xué)東北師范大學(xué)教授標(biāo)準(zhǔn)制定朱慧女生態(tài)學(xué)東北師范大學(xué)教授試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)分析張敏娜女草學(xué)東北師范大學(xué)副教授試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)分析女草學(xué)東北師范大學(xué)教授標(biāo)準(zhǔn)制定孫偉男生態(tài)學(xué)東北師范大學(xué)教授標(biāo)準(zhǔn)制定唐士明男草學(xué)中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院草原研究所副研究員試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)分析李西良男草學(xué)中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院草原研究所研究員相關(guān)資料收集孫世賢男草學(xué)中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院草原研究所副研究員相關(guān)資料收集男草學(xué)中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院草原研究所研究員標(biāo)準(zhǔn)制定潘多鋒男草學(xué)黑龍江省農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院草業(yè)研究所副研究員相關(guān)資料收集3中國(guó)草學(xué)會(huì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化領(lǐng)導(dǎo)小組組織于2025年6月18日召開(kāi)團(tuán)體標(biāo)準(zhǔn)評(píng)審會(huì)，并于標(biāo)準(zhǔn)起草小組人員認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí)《中國(guó)草學(xué)會(huì)團(tuán)體標(biāo)準(zhǔn)制定程序》和GB／T1.1-2020《團(tuán)體標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的結(jié)構(gòu)和編寫(xiě)指南》等文件，對(duì)團(tuán)體標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的格式、內(nèi)容、術(shù)語(yǔ)20001.4-2015《標(biāo)準(zhǔn)編寫(xiě)規(guī)則第4部分試驗(yàn)方法標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》所規(guī)定的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)編寫(xiě)按照GB/T1.1-2009《標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化工作在技術(shù)內(nèi)容上力求涵蓋松嫩草地適宜載畜量45表2生長(zhǎng)育肥牛和生長(zhǎng)母牛日采食量體重（kg）采食量（kg）生長(zhǎng)肥育牛生長(zhǎng)母牛02.662.660.33.293.290.43.493.490.53.703.700.63.913.910.70.84.334.330.94.544.544.754.754.95-5.16-02.982.980.33.633.630.43.853.850.54.074.070.64.294.290.74.514.510.84.724.720.94.944.945.165.165.38-5.59-20003.303.300.33.983.980.44.214.2160.54.444.440.64.664.660.74.894.890.80.95.345.345.575.575.80-6.03-22503.603.600.34.314.310.44.554.550.54.784.780.65.025.020.75.265.260.85.495.490.95.735.735.965.966.20-6.44-25003.93.90.34.644.640.44.884.880.55.135.130.65.375.370.75.625.620.85.875.870.96.366.366.60-6.85-27504.194.190.34.964.960.45.215.210.55.475.470.65.725.720.75.985.980.86.236.230.96.496.496.746.747.00-7.25-730004.464.460.35.265.260.45.535.530.55.795.790.66.066.060.76.326.320.86.586.580.96.856.857.38-7.64-32504.754.750.35.575.570.45.845.840.50.66.396.390.76.666.660.86.946.940.97.217.217.497.497.76-8.03-35005.025.020.35.875.870.46.156.150.56.436.430.66.726.720.77.007.000.87.287.280.97.577.577.857.858.13-8.41-37505.285.280.36.166.160.46.456.450.56.746.740.67.037.030.77.327.320.87.627.620.97.917.9188.208.208.49-8.79-40005.555.550.36.456.450.46.766.760.57.067.060.67.367.360.77.667.660.87.967.960.98.268.268.568.568.87-9.17-42505.80-0.36.73-0.47.04-0.57.35-0.67.66-0.77.97-0.88.29-0.98.60-8.91-9.22-9.53-45006.066.060.37.027.020.47.347.340.57.667.650.67.987.970.78.308.290.88.628.610.98.948.939.269.259.58-9.90-47506.31-0.37.30-0.47.63-0.57.96-0.68.29-90.78.61-0.88.94-0.99.27-9.60-9.93--50006.566.560.37.587.570.47.917.910.58.258.250.68.598.580.78.938.920.89.279.260.99.619.609.949.93--表3妊娠母牛日采食量體重（kg）妊娠月份采食量（kg）30066.3276.4386.696.7735066.8676.9887.1597.3240067.3977.5187.6897.8445067.9078.0288.1998.3650068.4078.5288.6998.8655068.8979.0089.1799.34表4哺乳母牛日采食量體重（kg）標(biāo)準(zhǔn)乳產(chǎn)量（kg）采食量（kg）30004.4735.8246.2756.7267.1777.6288.0798.528.9735005.0236.3746.8257.2767.7278.1788.6299.079.5240005.5536.9047.3557.8068.2578.7089.1599.6045006.0637.4147.8658.3168.7679.2189.66950006.5637.9148.3658.8169.2679.718955007.0438.3948.8459.2969.74789表5成年母牛和種公牛日采食量成年母牛種公牛體重（kg）采食量（kg）體重（kg）采食量（kg）3505.025007.994005.556009.174506.067005006.568005507.049006007.526507.987008.447508.89--表6成年母牛每產(chǎn)1kg奶的日采食量乳脂率（%）采食量（kg）2.50.31~0.353.00.34~0.383.50.37~0.414.00.40~0.454.50.43~0.495.00.46~0.525.50.49~0.55表7母牛妊娠最后四個(gè)月日采食量體重（kg）妊娠月份采食量（kg）35065.7876.2887.2398.740066.376.8187.7699.2245066.8177.3288.2799.7350067.3177.8288.78955067.8078.3189.26960068.2778.7889.73965068.7479.258970069.2279.718975069.65789表8生長(zhǎng)母牛和生長(zhǎng)公牛日采食量體重（kg）采食量（kg）生長(zhǎng)母牛生長(zhǎng)公牛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表9生長(zhǎng)肥育綿羊羔羊日采食量體重（kg）采食量（kg）40.10.20.360.10.130.20.130.30.1380.10.160.20.160.30.160.10.240.20.240.30.240.10.320.20.320.30.320.10.400.20.400.30.400.10.480.20.480.30.480.10.560.20.560.30.56200.10.640.20.640.30.64表10育成母綿羊日采食量體重（kg）采食量（kg）2500.80.030.80.060.80.090.83000.030.060.093500.030.060.094000.030.060.094500.030.060.095000.030.060.09表11育成公綿羊日采食量體重（kg）采食量（kg）200.050.90.100.90.15250.050.100.15300.050.100.15350.050.100.15400.050.100.15450.050.100.15500.050.100.15550.050.100.15600.050.100.15650.050.100.15700.050.100.15表12育肥綿羊日采食量體重（kg）采食量（kg）200.100.80.200.90.300.45250.100.90.200.300.45300.100.200.300.45350.100.200.300.45400.100.200.300.45450.100.200.300.45500.100.200.300.45表13妊娠母綿羊日采食量妊娠階段采食量（kg）前期a4050602702.2后期b4045502552.1602.2652.3702.4后期c4045502552.1602.2652.3702.4前期a指妊娠期的第1個(gè)月至第3個(gè)月。前期b指母羊懷單羔妊娠期的第4個(gè)月至第5個(gè)月。前期c指母羊懷雙羔妊娠期的第4個(gè)月至第5個(gè)月。表14泌乳母綿羊日采食量體重（kg）日泌乳量（kg）采食量（kg）400.22.000.42.000.62.000.82.002.002.002.002.002.00500.22.200.42.200.62.200.82.202.202.202.202.202.20600.22.400.42.400.62.400.82.402.402.402.402.402.40700.22.600.42.600.62.600.82.602.602.602.602.602.60適宜載畜量。該計(jì)算方法主要參照了NY/T635NY/T41292草地家畜最適采食強(qiáng)度測(cè)三、主要試驗(yàn)（或驗(yàn)證）的分析、綜述報(bào)告，技術(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)論證，預(yù)期的本技術(shù)規(guī)程主要起草單位東北師范大學(xué)自2000起開(kāi)展放牧生態(tài)學(xué)研究，先后vegetationandsoilnitrogenbetweenpre-andpost-snowcoveronintensivegrazingla2.劉穎,王德利,王旭等.2001.不同放牧強(qiáng)度下羊草草地三3.王旭,王德利,劉穎等.2002.不同放牧率下綿羊的4.王旭,王德利,劉穎等.2002.羊草草地生長(zhǎng)季放牧山羊采食量和5.劉穎,王德利,王旭等.206.劉穎,王德利,王旭等.2002.7.王德利,滕星,王涌鑫等.2003.放牧條件下人工草8.劉穎,王德利,韓士杰等.2004.放牧強(qiáng)9.滕星,王德利,程志茹等.2004.不同放牧強(qiáng)度下綿cornstalkdiets:Associateeffectsonintake,digestibilitylargeherbivoresingrasslanddependonplantspeciesdgainofewesisaffectedbyroughagemixesduringwinterinnorlivestockpromotesmultidiversityandmultifunctionalityinmanagedgrassland2.地方標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：王德利、劉鞠善、王嶺.2018.天然、半天然草松嫩草地合理利用技術(shù)規(guī)程.2020.11.季牧場(chǎng)牦牛藏羊混合放牧技術(shù)規(guī)程.202嫩草地動(dòng)態(tài)放牧率測(cè)算方法.2020.11志偉.2020.松嫩草地綿羊放牧-府從2000年開(kāi)始，針對(duì)草原超載過(guò)牧、草地退化嚴(yán)重、草原畜牧業(yè)質(zhì)量和效益低表14綿羊和牛對(duì)松嫩草地牧草的總采食量（單位：g/m2）綿羊牛