2026年研究生入學(xué)英語(yǔ)考試翻譯與寫作專項(xiàng)練習(xí)題一、翻譯（共2題，每題15分，總計(jì)30分）1.翻譯：中文原文：近年來，隨著數(shù)字經(jīng)濟(jì)的蓬勃發(fā)展，人工智能技術(shù)在全球范圍內(nèi)得到廣泛應(yīng)用，深刻改變了傳統(tǒng)制造業(yè)的生產(chǎn)模式。企業(yè)通過引入自動(dòng)化生產(chǎn)線和大數(shù)據(jù)分析系統(tǒng)，不僅提高了生產(chǎn)效率，還優(yōu)化了資源配置。然而，這種轉(zhuǎn)型也帶來了新的挑戰(zhàn)，如技術(shù)依賴、就業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整等問題，需要政府、企業(yè)和社會(huì)各界共同努力尋求解決方案。要求：將上述中文段落翻譯成英文，注意保持專業(yè)性和邏輯連貫性。2.翻譯：中文原文：杭州作為浙江省的省會(huì)，是中國(guó)東南沿海的重要城市之一。近年來，杭州依托其優(yōu)越的地理位置和完善的交通網(wǎng)絡(luò)，積極推動(dòng)“數(shù)字經(jīng)濟(jì)第一城”建設(shè)，吸引了大量科技企業(yè)入駐。同時(shí)，杭州還注重城市文化建設(shè)，以西湖、宋城等歷史遺跡為核心，打造了獨(dú)特的文化旅游品牌。未來，杭州將繼續(xù)深化與世界的聯(lián)系，努力成為具有全球影響力的創(chuàng)新中心。要求：將上述中文段落翻譯成英文，確保語(yǔ)言流暢且符合國(guó)際表達(dá)習(xí)慣。二、寫作（共2題，總計(jì)40分）1.小作文（20分）題目：ShouldUniversitiesEmphasizePracticalSkillsTrainingMoreThanTheoreticalKnowledge?要求：寫一篇150-200字的議論文，闡述你對(duì)大學(xué)教育應(yīng)更注重實(shí)踐技能而非理論知識(shí)的看法。可從就業(yè)市場(chǎng)需求、學(xué)生職業(yè)發(fā)展等角度展開論述。2.大作文（20分）題目：TheImpactofRemoteWorkonModernSociety要求：寫一篇200-250字的議論文，探討遠(yuǎn)程工作對(duì)現(xiàn)代社會(huì)的影響?？缮婕肮ぷ餍?、人際關(guān)系、企業(yè)文化等方面，并提出自己的觀點(diǎn)。答案與解析一、翻譯答案與解析1.翻譯答案：Inrecentyears,withthevigorousdevelopmentofthedigitaleconomy,artificialintelligencetechnologyhasbeenwidelyappliedglobally,profoundlytransformingtheproductionmodelsoftraditionalmanufacturing.Enterpriseshavenotonlyimprovedproductionefficiencybutalsooptimizedresourceallocationbyintroducingautomatedproductionlinesandbigdataanalysissystems.However,thistransformationhasalsobroughtnewchallenges,suchastechnologicaldependencyandemploymentstructureadjustments,whichrequirejointeffortsfromgovernments,enterprises,andsocietytoseeksolutions.解析：-數(shù)字經(jīng)濟(jì)的蓬勃發(fā)展→"thevigorousdevelopmentofthedigitaleconomy"（使用"vigorous"強(qiáng)調(diào)快速發(fā)展）-人工智能技術(shù)→"artificialintelligencetechnology"（標(biāo)準(zhǔn)術(shù)語(yǔ)）-傳統(tǒng)制造業(yè)的生產(chǎn)模式→"theproductionmodelsoftraditionalmanufacturing"（準(zhǔn)確對(duì)應(yīng)）-自動(dòng)化生產(chǎn)線和大數(shù)據(jù)分析系統(tǒng)→"automatedproductionlinesandbigdataanalysissystems"（具體化技術(shù)細(xì)節(jié)）-技術(shù)依賴、就業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整→"technologicaldependencyandemploymentstructureadjustments"（專業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ)）-政府、企業(yè)和社會(huì)各界→"governments,enterprises,andsociety"（分詞短語(yǔ)"jointeffortsfrom..."體現(xiàn)合作）2.翻譯答案：Hangzhou,asthecapitalofZhejiangProvince,isoneofthekeycitiesalongChina'ssoutheasterncoast.Inrecentyears,leveragingitssuperiorgeographicallocationandwell-developedtransportationnetwork,Hangzhouhasactivelypromoteditsconstructionasa"FirstCityoftheDigitalEconomy,"attractingnumeroustechenterprises.Meanwhile,Hangzhouhasalsofocusedonurbanculturaldevelopment,creatingauniquetourismandculturalbrandcenteredaroundhistoricalsitessuchasWestLakeandSongcheng.Inthefuture,Hangzhouwillcontinuetodeepenitsconnectionswiththeworld,strivingtobecomeaninnovativehubwithglobalinfluence.解析：-省會(huì)→"capitalofZhejiangProvince"（明確行政級(jí)別）-東南沿海的重要城市→"keycitiesalongChina'ssoutheasterncoast"（地理定位準(zhǔn)確）-數(shù)字經(jīng)濟(jì)第一城→"FirstCityoftheDigitalEconomy"（直譯并加引號(hào)突出概念）-歷史遺跡→"historicalsites"（與"tourismandculturalbrand"搭配自然）-全球影響力→"globalinfluence"（符合國(guó)際表達(dá)習(xí)慣）二、寫作答案與解析1.小作文答案：Universitiesshouldemphasizepracticalskillstrainingmorethantheoreticalknowledgebecauseitbetterpreparesstudentsforthejobmarket.Intoday'scompetitiveeconomy,employersprioritizecandidateswhocanapplytheirknowledgetoreal-worldproblems.Forexample,engineeringstudentswithhands-onexperienceinroboticsaremorelikelytosecurehigh-payingjobsthanthosewhofocussolelyontextbooktheories.Practicalskillsalsofostercreativityandproblem-solvingabilities,whichareessentialforinnovation.Whiletheoreticalknowledgeremainsimportant,universitiesmustadapttoindustrydemandsbyintegratingmoreexperientiallearningopportunities,suchasinternshipsandproject-basedcourses.Thisapproachensuresgraduatesarejob-readyandcontributeeffectivelytotheirorganizations.解析：-論點(diǎn)明確：強(qiáng)調(diào)實(shí)踐技能對(duì)就業(yè)的重要性。-論據(jù)具體：以工程學(xué)為例，對(duì)比理論派與實(shí)踐派的就業(yè)差異。-邏輯連貫：從就業(yè)需求→能力培養(yǎng)→教育改革，層層遞進(jìn)。-語(yǔ)言簡(jiǎn)潔：避免冗余表達(dá)，如"whiletheoreticalknowledgeremainsimportant"自然過渡。2.大作文答案：Remoteworkhassignificantlyreshapedmodernsocietybyofferingflexibilityandefficiencybutalsoposingchallengestowork-lifebalance.Ononehand,itallowsemployeestosavecommutingtimeandworkinacomfortableenvironment,boostingproductivity.CompanieslikeTwitterandGitHubhavebenefitedfromremoteteams,reportinghigherjobsatisfactionandlowerturnoverrates.Ontheotherhand,remoteworkcanblurboundariesbetweenpersonalandprofessionallife,leadingtoburnout.Forinstance,employeesmayfeelpressuredtorespondtoemailslateatnight,disruptingfamilytime.Additionally,remoteworkrequiresstrongself-discipline,assomeindividualsstrugglewithmotivationwithoutface-to-facesupervision.Thus,whileremoteworkoffersadvantages,itiscrucialfororganizationstoestablishclearguidelinestomaint