1、Unit3,Inventorsandinventions,Learningaboutlanguage,Usefulphrases,callupnowandthengetridofsetaboutdecideonwithcautionbenddownseizetheopportunityfillintheform,給打電話,有時(shí)；偶爾,擺脫；除去,開始；著手,決定,選定,慎重地；小心翼翼地,倔身；彎腰,抓住機(jī)會(huì),填表,Languagepoints,1.Herewasachanceformetodistinguishmyselfbyinventingsomethingmercifulthat,di

2、stinguishv.區(qū)別,辨認(rèn),顯示的差別Hecandistinguishagenuineantiquefromareproduction.Icandistinguishmyroommatesbytheirfootsteps.Shedistinguishedherselfasablacklawyer.Shedistinguishedherselfbyhercoolnessandbravery.,distinguishedadj.卓越的；著名的,2.Isetaboutresearchingthehabitsofsnakestofindtheeasiestwaytotrapthem.,setab

3、out開始,著手Youmustsetaboutyourworkatonce.Doyouknowhowtosetaboutgoingonthiswork?,setout也可表示“開始”，后加動(dòng)詞不定式，即setouttodosth.,而setabout后加v-ing形式，即setaboutdoingsth.,set構(gòu)成的短語有：,setoff:出發(fā),側(cè)重于去某個(gè)地方Ifyouwanttocatchthattrain,wedbettersetoffforthestationimmediately.Theyvesetoffonajourneyroundtheworld.,setout:出發(fā)、開始，側(cè)

4、重于開始做某事，還有規(guī)劃、展現(xiàn)的意思Theysucceededinwhattheysetouttodo.Shesetoutthereasonsforherresignationinalongletter.,setdown寫下；記下Iwillsetdownthestoryasitwastoldtome.,setaside保留；撇開；取消；放棄Shesetsasideabitofmoneyeverymonth.Letssetasideourpersonalfeelings.,setup建立Anewgovernmentwassetupafterthewar.Iamcallingtosetupamee

5、tingwithMr.Hammer.,setonesmindon把心思用于.；決心做Ifhessethismindondoingit,nothingwillstophim.,Completethesentenceswithcorrectadverbs.,Theyneededthemoneytoset_aspecialschoolforgiftedchildren.2.Thechildrenwerealwaysexcitedtoset_onacampingtrip.3.Youcansetthetelephonebill_asabusinesscost.4.Settingthechair_,hes

6、atonthefloor.5.Thechildrengatheredinthegardentoset_thefireworks.,up,off,down,aside,off,3.Thisisintheexpectationthatthesnakeswouldbiteagain.thatthesnakeswouldbiteagain是同位語從句，作expectation的同位語。expectationn.預(yù)料，期待，期望Hisnewbookdidnotcomeuptoexpectation.Theresnoexpectationofsnowtonight.WeknewthatMarywouldd

7、owell,butshehassucceededbeyondexpectation.,4.Onlyafteryouhavehadthatrecognitioncanyousaythatyouaretrulyaninventor.,only修飾狀語、置于句首時(shí)，主句的語序需要倒裝。此句的正常語序是：Youcansaythatyouaretrulyaninventoronlyafteryouhavehadthatrecognition.如:,Onlythendidsherealizehowmuchdamagehadbeencaused.OnlywhenIleftmyparentsforItalyd

8、idIrealizehowmuchIlovedthem.,1.表示否定意義的副詞或短語(never,little,seldom,notonly,notuntil,hardly/scarcelywhen置于句首時(shí)引起部分倒裝。NeverbeforehaveImethim.HardlydidIthinkitpossible.Notuntilmidnightdiditstopraining.,2.in,out,down,up,back,over,away,off等用做狀語的副詞放在句首時(shí),句子要倒裝。Incametheteacherandthelessonbegan.Offwentthehorses

9、.,英語中引起句子倒裝的情況還有：,4.在以here,there,now,then等副詞開頭的句子中,句子要倒裝，但是如果主語是代詞就不倒裝。Therecomesthebus.Therehecomes.,3.sothat句式中把so所修飾的形容詞或副詞置于句首，so從句用倒裝。Somuchhomeworkdidwehavetodothatwehadnotimetohavearest.,5.在以neither,nor,nomore開頭的句子中,表示”也不這樣”,句子要倒裝。Thefirstonewasntgoodandneitherwasthesecond.Hedoesntcaremuchfor

10、sweets.NomoredoI.,6.在以so開頭,表示謂語所述情況也適用于另一個(gè)人或另一事物的肯定句,表示“也一樣、也這樣”，句子要倒裝。Hesawit,andsodidI.,-ThePastParticiple,Discoveringusefulstructures,Readthesentencesfromthereadingpassageandrewritethesentences,especiallytheunderlinedparts.,1.Thereonlyseemedtobepowdersdesignedtokillsnakes.Thereonlyseemedtobepowde

11、rswhicharedesignedtokillsnakes.,2.Preparedwithsomeresearchfindings,Idecidedonthreepossibleapproaches.,AsIwaspreparedwithsomeresearchfindings,Idecidedonthreepossibleapproaches.,3.Butoncepickedup,theytriedtobiteme.,4.Butmonitoredcarefully,thesnakesprovedtobenotrouble.,Butoncetheywerepickedup,theytried

12、tobiteme.,Butastheyweremonitoredcarefully,thesnakesprovedtobenotrouble.,一、過去分詞的定義動(dòng)詞的-ed分詞即過去分詞，是由動(dòng)詞的過去分詞構(gòu)成，一般只有一種形式。二、過去分詞的語法作用過去分詞一方面具有動(dòng)詞的性質(zhì)，另一方面也相當(dāng)于一個(gè)形容詞或副詞，在句中可以作表語、定語、狀語和補(bǔ)足語。,Thereviewofthepastparticiple,1)作定語：單個(gè)過去分詞作定語通常放在所修飾的名詞之前，過去分詞短語作定語通常放在所修飾的名詞之后,，其意義相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語從句。如：Abrokencupislyingonthegrou

13、nd.Isitaletterwritteninpen?,提醒：過去分詞作表語不同于被動(dòng)語態(tài)，過去分詞作表語表示主語的狀態(tài)，被動(dòng)語態(tài)則表示被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作。,2)作表語：過去分詞通常在系動(dòng)詞后面作表語，相當(dāng)于形容詞，多表示主語的心理感覺或所處的狀態(tài)。Shewasexcitedatthenews.Theteacherlooksverypleased.,Theroadiscoveredwithfallenleaves.(表狀態(tài)）Theroadiscoveredbythefallenleaves.(表動(dòng)作),3).作賓語補(bǔ)足語過去分詞（短語）在感官動(dòng)詞和使役動(dòng)詞等之后作賓語補(bǔ)足語，這些詞語有：have(讓，

14、使)keep(使處于某狀態(tài))get(使得)seehearfindfeelleave(使處于某狀態(tài))makewantstartnoticeobservewatchset(使處于某狀態(tài)),Theworklefthimexhausted.Idontwantmynamelinkedwithhim.,(2)過去分詞(短語)在使役動(dòng)詞get或have之后作賓語補(bǔ)足語，表示的動(dòng)作往往是由別人完成的。如：Ihadmycarrepaired.(別人修的)Ihadmyhaircut.(別人給我理的)Wemustgetthetelevisionsetrepaired.(讓別人修理),三、過去分詞與現(xiàn)在分詞的區(qū)別,兩

15、者的區(qū)別主要表現(xiàn)在語態(tài)和時(shí)間概念上。在語態(tài)上，現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)意思，過去分詞表示被動(dòng)意思；在時(shí)間上，現(xiàn)在分詞表示動(dòng)作政治進(jìn)行，過去分詞則表示動(dòng)作的完成。比較：Whathesaidwasverytouching.(主動(dòng))Iwastouchedbythesight.(被動(dòng))therisingsun正在生起的太陽therisensun升起了的太陽,Fillineachblankwiththecorrectverbform:,Englishisalanguage_(speak)allaroundtheworldandisthe_(work)languageofmostinternationalorga

16、nization.Theproblem_(discuss)nowisveryimportant.Howtofeela_(grow)populationisaproblemthatis_(trouble)manypeople.Hefoundamagazine_(mark)withtheownersname_(lie)onthedeskwiththebackcover_(tear)off.5.Therewasaterriblenoise_(follow)asuddenburstoflight.,spoken,working,beingdiscussed,growing,troubling,mark

17、ed,lying,torn,following,OnemorningMr.Readisreadinginthelibrary.HeisanEnglishteacher_(love)byhisstudents.Whatsthelanguage_(speak)inhiscountry,doyouknow?English!Heoftenreadsintheschoollibrary,oneofthehouses_(build)lastyear.The_(rise)sunisshining.Suddenly,thewindowis_(break).“Whatsthematter?”Mr.Readloo

18、ksoutofthewindow,andaboy_(dress)inwhiteisthere.“Sorry,sir!”,Completethepassageinthecorrectformofeachgivenword.,loved,spoken,built,risen,broken,dressed,Theboyhasa_(worry)expressiononhisface.“Myfatherwillcomeandrepairit”.“Oh,dontworry.Pleasecomeupstairs,OK?”“Allright”.Whentheboycomesup,andsocomeshisfa

19、ther,a_(grow)man.Afewminuteslater,allthethingsare_(do).Thelibraryisnow_(close).Mr.Readgoeshomeandsaysgoodbyetotheboyandhisfather.,worried,grown,done,closed,1.突然出現(xiàn)一個(gè)穿綠衣的女子。Suddenlythereappearedayoungwomandressedingreen.2.老師們上演的戲很成功。Theplayputonbytheteacherswasabigsuccess.3.他沒有注意到她臉上驚訝的表情。,Hedidntnoticethesurprisedlookonherface.,TranslatethesentencesintoChinese.,4.明天我要理發(fā)。,Illhavemyhaircutto