1、,灼傷,破口,扭傷和挫傷,骨折,皮炎,Burns,Fractures,SprainsandStrains,Dermatits,Lacerations,HANDSAFETY,Yourhandsareyourmostvaluabletools.Nothinghaseverbeeninventedthatcanmatchthemforusefulnessandadaptability.Thatswhyitssoimportanttolearnhowtoprotectyourhands,bothatworkandathome.,手的價(jià)值無以倫比。從來沒有什么比手更有效更靈活的發(fā)明。因此，學(xué)會(huì)上下班如何

2、保護(hù)雙手，非常重要。,Yourelyonyourhandsconstantly.Thinkforamomentwhatlifewouldbelikewithoutoneofyourfingers.Notaverypleasantthoughtisit?Inthismaterialyouwilllearn10rulesforhandsafety.Therulesarelistedbelow,日常生活中，我們非常依賴雙手。想一下，缺了一支手指，生活會(huì)變成什么樣。想想就不舒服，是吧?以下列出了手的安全的十條規(guī)則,Howtoprotectyouhands,1.Keephandsawayfrompinc

3、hpointsandcrushinghazards.Inspectmaterialsforslivers,jaggededges,burrs,androughorslipperysurfaces.MATERIALHANDLING2.Alwaysconsiderergonomicsofthehands.3.Usethecorrecthandtoolforthejobanduseitproperly.4.AlwayswearsuitableglovesunlessnotedonyourWorkProcedure.Neverweargloveswhenworkingaroundrotatingequ

4、ipment.5.Removealljewelrybeforeperformingwork.6.Makesuresafetyguardsareinplacebeforeyoubeginanyjob.7.Neverreachintomachinerytorepair,oil,oradjustwithouttakingtheproperlockout/tagoutsteps.8.Cleanupwitharagorbrush-neverusesyourfingersorhands.9.KnowtheDangerZones.10.Keepyourhandsclean.Dontignorehandinj

5、uries.Knowthesignsofdermatitisandotherskindisorders.Getpromptmedicalattentionwhenrequired.,TENRULES,1.不要把手放在可能夾到或壓到的地方。處理材料，工具和設(shè)備前，一定要先檢查一下是否有毛刺、飛邊，材料表面是否粗糙、光滑。2.時(shí)刻想到手的生理結(jié)構(gòu)3.選用合適的手動(dòng)工具，并正確使用4.除非在WorkProcedure(工作程序)中有特別注明,所有作業(yè)都要戴合適的手套。而旋轉(zhuǎn)設(shè)備周圍作業(yè)時(shí)則禁止戴手套5.作業(yè)前摘掉所有可能影響安全的首飾6.開始作業(yè)前確認(rèn)機(jī)器是否有安全防護(hù)裝置7.沒有上鎖/掛標(biāo)簽之前，

6、禁止進(jìn)行機(jī)器的修理、上油或調(diào)試8.用抹布或刷子擦拭，不要用手指或手。9.了解危險(xiǎn)區(qū)域10.保持手的清潔，不要忽視任何可能的傷害。了解皮炎的癥狀或其它皮膚病，必要時(shí)立即就醫(yī)。,十條原則,Keephandsawayfrompinchpointsandcrushinghazards.Inspectmaterialsforslivers,jaggededges,burrs,androughorslipperysurfacesbeforehandling,1,MaterialHandling,Becarefulwhensettingdownheavyboxesorotheritems.,Checkthe

7、widthofthedoorwaybeforeyouventurethroughittobesureyourhandswillsafelyfit.,Carryloadsthroughdoorwaysandcloseareaswithhandsatthetopandbottomoftheload,notonthesides,ifpossible.,Setdrumsandcylindersdowncarefully.Gethelpifyouneedit.,Taglinesshouldbeusedtocontrolallloads.Taglinesmustneverbewrappedaroundha

8、ndsorbody.,不要把手放在可能夾到或壓到的地方。處理材料，工具和設(shè)備前，一定要先檢查一下是否有毛刺、飛邊，材料表面是否粗糙、光滑,1,處理材料,重的箱子或其它材料都要輕拿輕放,事先檢查一下門是否足夠?qū)?，過門時(shí)是否會(huì)傷到手,搬運(yùn)重物過門或其它狹窄區(qū)域時(shí)，盡可能將手放在物體的底部或上面，不要抱著兩邊,放桶或氣瓶時(shí)千萬小心，必要時(shí)要找人幫忙；,應(yīng)用牽引線控制好所有重物。牽引線不要纏在手上或身上,Pinchpointsandcrushinghazardsareeverywhere.夾傷和壓傷的危險(xiǎn)無處不在Keepthesafetyofyourhandsinmindatalltimes.頭腦中要

9、時(shí)刻想著手的安全I(xiàn)fyouareinjured,getfirstaidtreatmentimmediately.一但受傷，立刻采取急救措施,Alwaysconsiderergonomicsofthehands.時(shí)刻想到手的生理結(jié)構(gòu),Whydoweusehandtools?人類為什么要使用手動(dòng)工具？-Handtoolsallowustoperformtaskswithgreaterstrengthandprecisionthanwecoulddowithourbarehands.-與雙手比起來，手動(dòng)工具能使人們更有效、精確地完成工作任務(wù)。,2,Maintaininganeutralposture

10、putsyourhandintoapositionwhereyouhavethegreatestmechanicaladvantage.Musclesprovidinggripstrengtharelocatedintheforearms.Abentwristrequiresmorework,reducesstrengthandputsyourhandsatriskforchronicinjuriessuchastendonitis,tenosynovitis,carpaltunnelsyndrome,DeQuervainsdiseaseofthethumb,triggerfinger,and

11、ganglioncysts.Avoidstaticpositions.Avoidstressconcentrationoverthesofttissuesofthehand.Usetoolswithhandlesthatdonotterminateinthepalm.Longerhandlesonpliersandscrewdriversputthestressbeyondthesofttissuesofthehand.Reducegripforce.Usepaddingonhandtoolstolessentheforceandtoincreasegripspan.Avoidrepetiti

12、vefingertriggeractions.Protecthandsfromheatandcold.Avoidexcessivevibration.Vibrationabsorbingpaddinginglovescanhelplessentheadverseeffectsofsometools.Whenworkingwithvibratingtools,orwhenthehandissubjectedtostrikingforces,makecertainyouareusingalltheprotectionrequired.,身體直立，手放在能發(fā)揮最大機(jī)械優(yōu)勢的位置。提供抓力的肌肉位于前

13、臂。手腕彎曲，則需要做更多功，力量減小，長期如此，可能會(huì)引起腱鞘炎、手腕綜合癥、手指關(guān)節(jié)僵硬、腱鞘囊腫等慢性病癥。避免長期保持同一姿勢。避免將壓力集中在手的軟組織上。工具手柄的末端不可頂在手掌上。老虎鉗和螺絲刀的長手柄能將力量轉(zhuǎn)移到手的軟組織之外。減小相握的力道。在工具上加一塊軟墊以減小相握的力道，擴(kuò)大控制范圍避免手指重復(fù)彎曲的動(dòng)作。避免燙傷或凍傷。避免過多的震擊。手套中的減震襯墊有助于減小使用工具時(shí)的反作用力的影響。若工作中可能會(huì)使用震動(dòng)工具，或手可能受到震擊，要先確認(rèn)并采取所有必要的保護(hù),Usethecorrecthandtoolforthejobanduseitproperly選用合適的

14、手動(dòng)工具，并正確使用,Thinkaboutyourthumbsforamoment.Althoughthumbslookabitlikeshort,stubbyfingers,theyrereallyalotmoreimportantthanyoumightthink.Trytyingyourshoeswithoutthehelpofyourthumb,orunlockingadoor.Trystartingyourcar.Yourthumbisausefultool-andwithonewrongmoveyoucouldloseoneofthem.Soalwaysusetherighttoo

15、lforthejob-onethatisingoodcondition-anduseitcorrectly.想想你的拇指，盡管他們看起來又短又粗，但他們比你想象的要重要得多。試試不用拇指把鞋帶系上，把門打開，啟動(dòng)車子。拇指是不可或缺的工具且一不小心，就可能會(huì)失去他們。因此，要選用適合作業(yè)的工具，確保工具完好，并按正確的操作方法使用。,3,Knivesareconsideredamajorsourceofdisablinginjuries.Toavoidinjurywhenusingaknifeonthejob,followthesetips:1.Keeptheknifesharpsothaty

16、ouwonthavetouseasmuchforcetocutwithit.Thisreducesthelikelihoodthatitwillslipandinjureyou.2.Alwayscutawayfromyourbody,usingsmooth,evenmovements.Ifthatisnotpossible,besurehandsandbodyareclear.3.Concentrateonwhatyouredoing.Anydistractionsmightcauseyoutomakeawrongmoveandcutyourhand.4.Wearcutresistantglo

17、ves,(e.g.*Kevlar)whenusingknivesorhandlingmaterialwithsharpedges.Ahandleguardwillpreventyourhandfromslippingontotheblade.5.Keeptheknifeinasheathorretractthebladewhenitsnotinuse,andstoreitappropriatelywithedgesguardedwhenyourefinishedwithit.Neverleavekniveshiddenunderrags,paper,amongothertoolsindrawe

18、rsorworkboxes.6.InmostcasespocketknivesareNOTpermittedtobeusedastools.Knowtherequirementsonyourjobsite.7.Considertheuseofautomaticretractingbladeknives.,刀是使手致殘的一個(gè)重要因素。為了在使用刀的工作中避免手傷害，使用時(shí)請遵循以下建議：1.刀要鋒利，這樣切割時(shí)就不需要化太大的力氣。這樣可以減小刀滑脫傷人的可能性。2.確保切割時(shí)運(yùn)刀方向遠(yuǎn)離身體，切割的動(dòng)作要干凈利落。若工作條件不允許，也要確保不會(huì)傷到手和身體。3.集中注意力做手頭的工作。注意力不

19、集中，會(huì)使作業(yè)人員因操作失誤而割到手。,4.使用刀或搬運(yùn)有鋒利邊的材料時(shí)，要戴防切割手套（如Kevlar手套）。好的刀柄可避免手滑到刀刃上引起的傷害。5.不用的刀具要放在刀鞘里或折起來，用后要放好，刀刃要保護(hù)好。禁止將刀具藏在破布、紙張下，或和抽屜或工具箱內(nèi)的其它工具混在一起。6.通常，袖珍的刀具不允許當(dāng)作作工具使用。使用前要先了解工作現(xiàn)場的具體要求。7.推薦使用刀刃能自動(dòng)回縮的刀。,ALWAYSwearsuitableglovesunlessnotedonWorkProcedure.Neverweargloveswhenworkingaroundrotatingequipment.除非在Wo

20、rkProcedure(工作程序)上有注明，否則所有作業(yè)必須戴手套。而旋轉(zhuǎn)設(shè)備上作業(yè)時(shí)則禁止戴手套。,Glovesareprovidedtoprotectyou-knowwhichglovesarerequiredforthejobandwearthem.Whenyoumakeexcusesfornotwearingthem,suchas,“Whybother?Thisjobwillonlytakeaminute,”or“Theyreinmylocker-Idonthavetimetogetthem,”youareonlyaskingforaninjury.,4,手套是用來保護(hù)你自己了解工作所

21、需的手套種類，作業(yè)時(shí)戴好。若為作業(yè)時(shí)沒有戴手套而找借口，如:“何必麻煩，一會(huì)就做完了。”;“放在柜子里了，沒有時(shí)間去拿?！钡鹊龋鋵?shí)你是在自找傷害。,Removealljewelrythatcouldinterferewithyoursafetybeforeperforminganywork.作業(yè)前要摘掉所有可能影響安全的首飾。,Mostpeoplewearringsasamatterofhabitandseldomstoptothinkwhatcouldhappen.Ifyourringcatchesonamovingmachinepartoronafixedobjectwhenyourbo

22、dyismovingrapidly,yourfingercouldbetornoff.Ifyouthinktheringwillcomeoff,thinkagain.Testinghasfoundthatittakes1,670poundsofpulltobreakanaveragering.Thismeansthatitsdoubtfularingwillbreakbeforeyourfingerwill.Sodonttakeanychances-leaveyourringsandotherjewelryathome.,5,大多數(shù)人都習(xí)慣戴戒指，但很少去想戴著戒指作業(yè)會(huì)發(fā)生什么問題。若戒指被

23、旋轉(zhuǎn)的機(jī)器卡住或當(dāng)你走得很快時(shí)被固定的物體卡住了，則手指可能會(huì)被折斷。若你覺得此時(shí)戒指會(huì)先脫離，請?jiān)僮屑?xì)想想看。有測試表明，弄斷一普通的戒指所需的拉力為1670磅。這說明手指斷掉之前戒指先斷是不大可能的。所以還是不要冒險(xiǎn)為好請把戒指和其它首飾放在家里,Makesuresafetyguardsareinplacebeforeyoubeginanyjob.開始作業(yè)前先確認(rèn)機(jī)器是否有安全防護(hù)裝置。,Machineguardshavebeeninstalledtoprotectyou.Whenyoubypassthem,youriskseriousinjury.Besuretheyareinplace

24、beforeyoubeginyourwork.Knowwhatguardsshouldbeonyourtools,theirpurposeandwheretheyshouldbeplaced,6,機(jī)器的安全防護(hù)裝置是用來保護(hù)作業(yè)人員，若忽略了他們，則會(huì)增加作業(yè)的危險(xiǎn)性。作業(yè)前要先確認(rèn)機(jī)器設(shè)備有安全防護(hù)裝置。了解機(jī)器所需的安全防護(hù)裝置，安裝目的及安裝的位置。,Neverreachintomachinerytorepair,oil,oradjustwithouttakingtherequiredLockOut/TagOutsteps.,LockOut/TagOutrulesaredesignedt

25、opreventtheaccidentalstart-upofmachinery.Imaginewhatcouldhappentoyourhandifsomeoneaccidentallystartedamachinewhileyourhandwasinside,adjustingormakingrepairs.Youcanpreventthisfromhappeningbyfollowinglockout/tagoutproceduresanytimeyouhavetorepair,oil,oradjustamachine.,7,上鎖/貼標(biāo)簽的規(guī)定是為避免意外啟動(dòng)機(jī)器。想象一下，當(dāng)你的手在機(jī)

26、器內(nèi)調(diào)試或修理時(shí)，機(jī)器突然啟動(dòng)會(huì)發(fā)生什么？進(jìn)行機(jī)器的維修、上油或調(diào)試工作前，若遵循上鎖/掛標(biāo)簽程序，可以避免此類危害事故的發(fā)生。,Cleanupwitharagorabrush-notyourfingersorhands.用抹布或刷子擦拭，不要用手指或手,Protectyourhandsbyusingaragorabrushforcleaning.Itsalsoagoodideatoweargloveswhenyourecleaningtopreventinjury.Dontuseanairhoseinplaceofabrushorvacuum.Theair-streamcouldsendpr

27、ojectilesthroughtheairposingahazardforanypersonorobjectinitspath.,8,為保護(hù)雙手，要用抹布或刷子清潔，或戴手套也能避免手的傷害。禁止用壓縮空氣代替刷子或吸塵器。氣流的沖擊力可能會(huì)傷及任何在其前方的人或物體。,KnowtheDangerZones了解危險(xiǎn)區(qū)域,9,危險(xiǎn)區(qū)域可能是：被旋轉(zhuǎn)設(shè)備夾住；帶電的系統(tǒng)-沒有執(zhí)行上鎖程序；被物體撞到或撞到物體上；被夾持點(diǎn)夾住；不當(dāng)使用電動(dòng)工具；接觸到熱的物體或材料；接觸到腐蝕性材料；被尖利的物體碰到或撞擊；不良的衛(wèi)生習(xí)慣；重復(fù)的機(jī)械動(dòng)作/設(shè)備設(shè)計(jì)不合理；包扎傷口方法不當(dāng)；.手或身體的位置不當(dāng)。,

28、DANGERZONESCOULDBE:HHandlingorstruckbysharpobjects.CCaughtinrotatingequipment.EEnergizedSystems.-NoLOCKOUTSStruckbyoragainstobjects.CCaughtinpinchpoints.MMis-useofportablepowertools.CContactwithhotobjectsormaterials.CContactwithcausticorcorrosivematerials.PPoorhygienepractices.RRepetitivemotion/poor

29、equipmentdesign.IImproperlydressedwounds.PPoorhandorbodyposition.,Keepyourhandsclean.Dontignoreanyhandinjuries.Knowthesignsofdermatitisandotherskindisorders.Getpromptmedicalattentionwhenrequired.保持手的清潔。不要忽視任何可能的傷害。了解皮炎的癥狀或其它皮膚病。必要時(shí)要立即就醫(yī)。,Protectyourhandsbykeepingthemascleanaspossibleatalltimes.Washt

30、hemimmediatelyafterdirectexposuretoanychemicalsandalwaysbeforeyoueat,smoke,orapplylotionormakeup.Useapprovedcleanerswhenwashingyourhands.Iftheybecomedryandchapped,applyamoisturizer.Getpromptmedicalattentionforanyhandinjury.Aminorinjurycanturnintoamajoroneifyoudontattendtoitrightaway.,10,盡可能始終保持手部清潔以

31、保護(hù)您的雙手。接觸任何化學(xué)品后要立刻洗手，并且在吃飯、吸煙及化妝前都要洗手，且洗手液要是檢驗(yàn)合格的產(chǎn)品。若手有干裂跡象，要用保濕護(hù)膚品。如有任何損傷，立即就醫(yī)。若重視不夠，小病也會(huì)變大病。,Concentrateonwhatyouredoing.Thinkaboutyourhandsandguardthemeveryminute.專心工作，記著自己的雙手并時(shí)刻保護(hù)好,Howmanytimeshaveyoureachedforsomethingwithoutlookingwhereyourhandwasgoing?Whenyourecareless,preoccupied,oroverconfi

32、dent,youreonlyreachingfortrouble.Takecareofyourhandsbywatchingwheretheyregoingatalltimes.Iftheareaisdark,turnonlightsbeforeyoureachinwithyourhands.Iftheareaisdirtyputontheappropriategloves.Inotherwords,takeproactivestepstoprotectyourhandsfromharm.還記得有多少次，連看也不看就用手去拿東西？如果你太粗心、太專注別的事情，或太過自負(fù)，那么你拿到的可能就是麻煩。關(guān)照你的手，隨時(shí)知道它們的去向。如果太黑，去拿東西前先把燈打開。若物體臟，拿之前先戴好手套。換句話說，任何操作都要有預(yù)防措施，以保護(hù)你的雙手免受傷害。,HandSafetyAuditTool,DangerZone!,SafetyBuffer,PrimaryLev