1、Sonnet:London,1802,byWilliamWordsworth(1770-1850),London,1802isasonnetbytheEnglishRomanticpoetWilliamWordsworth.InthepoemWordsworthdescribestheEnglishpeopleasstagnantandselfish,andeulogisesju:ldaizseventeenth-centurypoetJohnMilton.,AccordingtoWordswirth,thispoemwas“Writtenimmediatelyaftermyreturnfro

2、mFrancetoLondon,whenIcouldnotbestruck,asheredescribed,withthevanityandparadeofourowncountryascontrastedwiththequiet,andImaysaythedesolation,thattherevolutionhadproducedinFrance.”,Background,IndustrialRevolution英國經(jīng)過18世紀(jì)后期的工業(yè)革命迅速成為世界上第一個工業(yè)化國家,倫敦成了工業(yè)革命的搖籃。工業(yè)革命的發(fā)展促使資本主義社會固有矛盾日益激化,出現(xiàn)了人剝削人、人壓迫人的現(xiàn)象。道德墮落,身心

3、腐敗,社會風(fēng)氣每況愈下,勞苦大眾生活苦不堪言。WilliamBlake(17571827)BOh!raiseusup,returntousagain;AAndgiveusmanners,virtue,freedom,power.,倫敦，一八O二年,彌爾頓！你該活在這個時候，英國需要你！她成了死水一潭：教會，朝廷，武將，文官，廟堂上的英雄，宅第里的公侯，都把英國的古風(fēng)拋丟，失了內(nèi)心的樂。我們何等貪婪！啊，回來吧，快把我們扶持，給我們良心，美德，自由，力量！,Content,CThysoulwaslikeaStar,anddweltapart;DThouhadstavoicewhosesoundw

4、aslikethesea:DPureasthenakedheavens,majestic,free,ESodidstthoutravelonlifescommonway,CIncheerfulgodliness;andyetthyheartEThelowliestdutiesonherselfdidlay.,倫敦，一八O二年,你的靈魂是獨(dú)立的明星，你的聲音如大海的波濤，你純潔如天空，奔放，崇高，你走在人生大道上，面對上帝，虔誠而愉快，還有一顆赤心愿將最卑微的職責(zé)擔(dān)起。,TypeofWork,“London,1802”isaItalian(orPetrarchan)Sonnet（i.e.ther

5、hymeisiambicpentameter五音步抑揚(yáng)格），witharhymeschemeofABBAABBACDDECE.,Content,AMilton!thoushouldstbelivingatthishour:BEnglandhathneedofthee:sheisafenBOfstagnantwaters:altar,sword,andpen,AFireside,theheroicwealthofhallandbower,AHaveforfeitedtheirancientEnglishdowerBOfinwardhappiness.Weareselfishmen;BOh!rai

6、seusup,returntousagain;AAndgiveusmanners,virtue,freedom,power.,Content,CThysoulwaslikeaStar,anddweltapart;DThouhadstavoicewhosesoundwaslikethesea:DPureasthenakedheavens,majestic,free,ESodidstthoutravelonlifescommonway,CIncheerfulgodliness;andyetthyheartEThelowliestdutiesonherselfdidlay.,Italian(orPe

7、trarchan)Sonnet,Thepointhereisthatthepoemisdividedintotwosectionsbythetwodifferingrhymegroups.Inaccordancewiththeprinciple(whichsupposedlyappliestoallrhymedpoetrybutoftendoesnt),achangefromonerhymegrouptoanothersignifiesachangeinsubjectmatter.ThischangeoccursatthebeginningofL9intheItaliansonnetandis

8、calledthevolta,orturn;theturnisanessentialelementofthesonnetform,perhapstheessentialelement.Itisatthevoltathatthesecondideaisintroduced,asinthissonnetbyWordsworth:/view/101990/242595,Intheoctave（八行詩節(jié)）,thespeaker:wishMiltontobacktoearthlistthevicesruiningBritainemployingmetophe

9、rtoidentifythecurrentstatethealtar(representingreligion)thesword(representingthemilitary),thepen(representingliterature),thefireside(representingthehome),Inthesestet(六行詩節(jié)）,thespeakerdescribesMiltonscharacter,explainingwhatheeulogisesMiltonforhissoulwasasbrightasastarstoodapartfromthecrowdheliveinhisownstyleheneverceasedtobehavehumbly.,AComparisonBetweenWilliamBlakesLondonandWilliamWordsworthsLondon,1802,WilliamBlakesLondon(Book1P287)andWilliamWordsworthsLon