1、,李談肸、黃英、 李慧、李希,LOVE IS A FALLACY (79-104),I fought despair: I struggled to keep away the feeling of despair. Get nowhere: to make no progress; accomplish nothing. I am nothing persistent: a case of a double negative making a positive , I am very persistent. Next comes Post Hoc: Next comes the logica

2、l fallacy called Post Hoc.,Post-Hoc 假性因果/牽強(qiáng)附會: A fallacy in which one event is said to be the cause of a later event simply because it occurred earlier. Examples : Most young criminals watch violent movies before they commit their crimes; obviously, violent movies lead to juvenile delinquency（少年犯罪）.

3、 點(diǎn)評：甲事情發(fā)生在乙事情之前，這并不代表著先發(fā)生的甲事情就是后發(fā)生的乙事情的原因。,exclaim: to say something suddenly and loudly ,especially because of strong emotion or pain 1 (由于強(qiáng)烈的情感或痛苦而)驚叫，呼喊 2 (表示抗議等)大聲叫嚷(+against/at/on/upon) E.G. 1、She exclaimed in astonishment at the size of the bill. 她看到帳單上的數(shù)目嚇得叫起來。 2The newspapers exclaimed again

4、st the outrageous distortion of truth. 報界強(qiáng)烈譴責(zé)對真相無恥的歪曲。,Every singlepicnic-: Every single time we take her on a picnic it rains. You are guiltyHoc: metonymy(借代). You have committed the logical fallacy called Post Hoc.,contritely 懊悔地 contrite的變形 contrite：very sorry for sth. Bad that you have done 懊悔的

5、E.G. After his crime was brought to light, Yu said contritely, I deserve to be punished.,Are you .at me: Are you very angry with me ? Mad ： （American colloquialism）angry,矛盾前提 （Contradictory Premises）: Conclusions are drawn from the interactions of premises: where two premises contradict each other,

6、there can be no interaction and hence no conclusion. Examples：If God can do everything, can he make a stone so heavy that he cant carry? 點(diǎn)評：前提條件中就有相互矛盾的地方，結(jié)論當(dāng)然是錯誤的。,Chirp：to make the short ,shrill sound of some birds or insects ；to speak in a lively ,shrill way 鳥叫聲，嘰嘰喳喳地講話 E.G. She heard nothing but

7、 the chirps and whirrs of insects. 除了蟲的鳴叫聲外,她什么也沒聽見。,Frown：to make a serious ,angry or worried expression by bringing your eyebrows closer together so that lines apear on your forehead 皺眉；不同意； 蹙額 E.G. Is what I say right ? Smile for yes. Frown for no. The father frowned on his sons behavior. 父親不滿他兒子

8、的行為。,Plungeplnd：to move or make sb/sth move suddenly forwards and/or downwards 使突然前沖或降落 E.G.1使陷入,使遭受 A power failure plunged the house into darkness. 斷電使房子陷入一片黑暗之中。 2投(入);跳(入);沖 The boys plunged into the river to swim. 男孩們跳入河里游泳。 plunge into 投入；跳入；突然或倉促地開始某事 take the plunge冒險嘗試；采取決定性步驟,promptly：with

9、out delay 迅速地；立即地；敏捷地 pay promptly 迅速付款 ; 快速付款 E.G. She deals with all the correspondence promptly and efficiently. They arrived promptly at two oclock.,Scratch: to rub your skin with your nails ,usually because it is itching抓 from scratch從頭開始 ; 白手起家 ; 從無到有 ; up to scratch 達(dá)到標(biāo)準(zhǔn) without a scratch 一點(diǎn)兒

10、也沒受傷，安然無恙 E.G. The cat scratched my hand.貓把我的手給搔了。 He has a curious habit of scratching his ear while he speaks.他有一種奇怪的習(xí)慣,一講話就搔耳朵。,If there is force: antithesis,“irresistible”and “immovable” are balanced against each other. Tell me keen stuff: tell me some more of this excellent stuff. Irresistible不

11、可抵抗的；不可阻擋的 Immovable不動的；固定的；不改變的,Stuff: used to refer to a substance, when you do not know the name, when the name is not important or when it is obvious what you are talking about 東西，物品，玩意兒 and stuff 等等；諸如此類 stuff with用把堵住；用裝/填/塞 old stuff adj. 很普通的；不足為奇的,Stuff 名詞 n. U 1材料,原料;木料 Some parts nowadays

12、 are made of plastic or similar stuff. 現(xiàn)在有些零件是由塑料或類似的材料制造的。 2. 物品,東西 Ive got quite a lot of stuff to read. 我有許多東西要讀。 3. 紡織品;毛呢 4. 素質(zhì);本質(zhì);要素 The young man has good stuff in him. 那個年輕人素質(zhì)很好。 5. 廢物,劣貨;廢話 Get rid of that stuff in the garage. 把車庫里那些沒有用的東西處理掉。 6. 填充物7. 槍彈,炮彈8. 【口】錢,鈔票9. 【俚】毒品;尤,I consult my

13、 watch : I looked at my watch to see what time it is . Consult: to refer to or turn to , especially for information. Call it a night : (colloquialism) to stop working for the night; also “call it a day” I depositeddormitory : I took her back and left her at the girls dormitory.,Deposit: to put or la

14、y sb/sth down in a particular place 放下， 放置 Bank deposit 銀行存款 Time deposit 定期存款 E.G. She deposited a pile of books on my desk. Glum: sad, quiet, unhappy 悶悶不樂的，陰郁的 E.G Glum views on the economy sparked a retreat from risky bets on Thursday. 受市場對經(jīng)濟(jì)的悲觀看法刺激，人們對高風(fēng)險資產(chǎn)的投資熱情周四出現(xiàn)回落。,The raccoon coat.at his fe

15、et: simile. The coat looked like a hairy animal sitting at the foot of Peteys bed. Huddle: to crowd, push, or nestle close together 擠作一團(tuán)，聚在一起 Beast ： n. 野獸；畜生，人面獸心的人,The girl simply head: Polly had a head that was resistant to (would not be affected by ) logic. Proof: resistant to ; unaffected by -w

16、aterproof; fireproof ,etc,Who knew? Maybe somewhere in the extinct crater of her mind, a few embers still smoldered. Maybe somehow I could fan them into flame. (Para.98) Who knew: a rhetorical question, expressing some doubt or some hope. He might still succeed in teaching Polly some logic. Nobody k

17、new whether he would be able to teach Polly some logic or not.,Ember: a glowing piece of coal ,wood, etc. from a fire 余火，余燼 E.G. Instead, the devil gave him a single ember to light the frigid darkness. 惡魔給了他一把余火，去照亮寒冷的黑夜。 The ember was placed inside a hollowed-out turnip to keep it glowing longer. 余

18、燼被放在一個中空的蘿卜里，以便可以燃得更久一點(diǎn)。,Smolder: 1 to burn and smoke without flame 悶燃 E.G. It can smolder undetected for hours, then suddenly explode in fiery destruction. 也有可能好幾小時內(nèi)不被發(fā)覺，突然激烈的爆炸。 2(憤怒等)悶在心里,郁積;怒火中燒(+with) The workforce were smoldering with discontent. 工人們流露出難以抑制的不滿。 。,Maybe somewhere into flame: me

19、taphor, comparing Pollys mind to the extinct （熄滅的）crater(坑) of a volcano, and “embers”(小火苗) to some spark of intelligence, Perhaps there is still some intelligence left in Pollys empty mind.,Maybe somehow into flame: the metaphor is carried through- extented metophor(延喻).“Them” stands for “embers”(灰

20、燼) .perhaps I could develop the little intelligence still existing in Pollys mind.,Who knew? Maybe somewhere in the extinct crater of her mind, a few embers still smoldered. Maybe somehow I could fan them into flame. (Para.98),天曉得，說不定她頭腦里的死火山口中的什么地方，還有些火星會噴射出來呢。也許我會有辦法能把這些火星扇成熊熊烈焰。,譯文：,Admittedly hope: one must admit the outcome does not look very hopeful. Admittedly ; confesse