1、Section Introduction & Reading and VocabularyLanguage Study,速效提能演練,Unit 1,重點難點探究,Section ,重點難點探究,1.We will also have to rely more on alternative energy，such as solar and wind power. 我們也將不得不過多的依賴于像太陽能和風(fēng)能這樣的替代能源。,品味經(jīng)典 I offered the alternative suggestions of spending the vacation in the mountains or b

2、y the sea. 我建議這次假期不到山上就到海邊去。,自我探究 alternative是形容詞，意為“替換的，其他的，供選擇的”。,歸納拓展,alternative n選擇，供選擇的東西 alternatively adv. 供選擇地，代替地 have no alternative/choice but to do. 別無選擇，只能,I had no alternative but to report him to the police. 除了向警察舉報他，我別無選擇。 We could walk or alternatively we could go in Teds car. 我們可以

3、走路去，也可以乘特德的車去。,As there is less and less coal and oil，scientists are exploring new ways of making use of_energy，such as sunlight，wind and water for power and fuel. Aprimary Balternative Cinstant Dunique,牛刀小試,解析：選B。考查形容詞。既然石油和煤都越來越少，科學(xué)家正在探索使用一些其他可替代這些燃料的東西，alternative有“可選擇的，可替代的”之意，符合句意。primary“首要的，初

4、期的”；instant“立即的，迅速的”；unique“獨特的”。所以選B。,2.No one knows for sure，and making predictions is a risky business. 沒有人確切地了解，預(yù)測也是一件很冒險的事。,品味經(jīng)典 I think China may get the most medals in the 2012 London Olympics，but I couldnt say for sure. 我認為在2012倫敦奧運會上中國可能得到最多的獎牌，但我不敢肯定。 I dont know the number for sureIll loo

5、k in the telephone book. 那個號碼我知道得不確切我在電話簿里查一下吧。,自我探究 for sure意為“確切地”，作形容詞用時，可作表語，相當于certain。作副詞用時，可作狀語，相當于certainly。,歸納拓展,be sure of/about sth. 確信，對某事有把握 be sure to do sth. 一定要做某事 be sure that. 確信 make sure of sth. 對有把握 make sure(that) 確保，弄明白,Be sure to ring and let us know youve got back safely. 一定

6、要來個電話，讓我們知道你已經(jīng)平安返回。 Youre sure of a warm welcome. 你一定會受到熱烈歡迎的。 Youre sure of passing the exam if you work hard. 只要用功，就一定能考及格。 I think the door is locked，but Id better go and make sure (it is) 我想門已經(jīng)鎖了，但我最好還是去查看一下。,牛刀小試 _that to lead is to serve.However，I can say_not all leaders can serve all the peop

7、le. AIts sure；for sure BIts certain；for sure CWhats sure；for certain DWhats certain；for certain 解析：選B。Its certain that to lead is to serve中，it 是形式主語，真正的主語是后面的that從句。sure的主語不能是形式主語it。第二個空用for sure與for certain皆可。,3.In the future，care for the environment will become very important as earths natural res

8、ources run out. 在未來，愛護環(huán)境將會很重要，因為地球上的自然資源將瀕臨枯竭。,品味經(jīng)典 Wed just reached the motorway when the petrol ran out. 我們剛開到高速公路上，汽油就耗完了。 My money is running out，so Ill withdraw some from the bank. 我的錢快花完了，所以我要從銀行里取一些。,自我探究 run out 為不及物動詞短語，意為“(某物)用完了”。,易混辨析 run out of，run out，use up，give out,He is always runni

9、ng out of money before pay day. 他總是在發(fā)工資的日子還沒有到時就把錢花完了。 The petrol is running out.汽油快用光了。 They have used up their money. Their money has been used up. 他們已經(jīng)把錢花光了。 His strength gave out after he ran that long distance. 跑完那段長路，他已精疲力竭了。,歸納拓展 in the long/short run 從長遠/短期觀點看 run across 穿過；穿越；偶然碰到 run after

10、 追逐 run away 跑掉 run into 撞上；遇到 run over 碾過,I ran across an old friend last week. 上星期我偶然碰見了一個老朋友。 Youve got to stop running away，and learn to face your problems. 你不能再逃避了，要學(xué)會面對問題。 The business ran into financial difficulties almost immediately. 生意幾乎馬上就遇到了經(jīng)濟困難。,牛刀小試 Im still working on my project. Oh，y

11、oull miss the deadline.Time is _. Arunning out Bgoing out Cgiving out Dlosing out 解析：選A?？疾閯釉~短語詞義辨析。run out的意思是“(期限)到期”。此處用現(xiàn)在進行時表示：即將到期。go out (燈)熄滅；give out 發(fā)出(熱、味)；lose out 輸給(to sb.)。,4.We will also have to rely more on alternative energy，such as solar and wind power. 我們也將不得不更多地依賴其他能源，例如太陽能和風(fēng)能。,品味

12、經(jīng)典 We are relying on your decision.我們相信你的判斷。 Nowadays we rely increasingly on computers for help. 現(xiàn)在我們越來越依賴計算機協(xié)助工作。 You should rely on your own efforts to earn money. 你應(yīng)該依靠自己的努力去賺錢。,You cant just rely on your parents lending you the money. 你不能只指望父母借錢給你。 You can rely upon it that it will rain this we

13、ekend. 你放心好了，本周末一定下雨。,自我探究 rely on/upon意為“依靠”。同義詞為depend on。常用于： rely ons th./sb.for.依靠某人/物獲得； rely on sb./sth.to do sth.指望某人/某物做某事； rely on sb./sth.doing sth.指望某人/某物做某事； rely on it that.相信，指望。,牛刀小試 (2011年鄭州高一檢測)Were not sure if well go camping next week.It_the weather. Arelies on Bgets on Ccarries

14、on Dturns on 解析：選A?？疾閯釉~短語。rely on“依靠”；get on“進展；進行”；carry on“繼續(xù)”；turn on“打開”。句意：我們不能確定下周是否去野營。這取決于天氣。,5.To get rid of garbage problems，the city will load huge spaceships with waste materials and send them towards the sun. 為了擺脫垃圾問題的困擾，城市將會用巨型宇宙飛船裝載廢棄材料，朝太陽發(fā)射,品味經(jīng)典 Once you form a bad habit，its very di

15、fficult to get rid of it. 一旦養(yǎng)成了壞習(xí)慣，你就很難改掉它。 Its time for us to get rid of the waste. 到我們處理這些垃圾的時候了。 He is always following me.I shall find a way to get rid of him. 他總跟著我，我得想個辦法擺脫他。,自我探究 get rid of 是及物動詞短語，意為“擺脫；除掉；處理掉”。,歸納拓展 rid vt. 使擺脫，解除負擔，從中清除 He struggled to rid himself of his fears. 他努力擺脫掉自己的恐懼

16、。 Will science finally rid us of this disease? 科學(xué)能最終使我們擺脫這種疾病嗎？,牛刀小試 No matter how low you consider yourself，there is always someone_you wishing they were that high. Agetting rid of Bgetting along with Clooking up to Dlooking down upon 解析：選C?？疾閯釉~短語辨析。句意：不管你對自己的評價多低，總有人尊敬你，并希望自己也那么好。look up to 尊敬，敬仰，

17、符合句意。get rid of除去，擺脫；get along with與相處；look down upon輕視。,6.No smoking will be allowed within a future citys limits. 在未來的城市內(nèi)將不允許吸煙。,品味經(jīng)典 As we grow older we learn the limits of our abilities. 隨著年齡的增長，我們就會知道我們的能力是有限的。 There is a limit to everything. 一切事物均有限度。 It is beyond the limit of my ability. 這超出了

18、我的能力。 No fishing is allowed within a twentymile limit. 二十英里范圍內(nèi)不準垂釣。,自我探究 limit用作可數(shù)名詞，意為“極限；界限；限度”。Theres a limit to.“有的限度”；beyond the limit of.“超出界限”。,歸納拓展 limits 范圍；極限 within limits 適度地；有限度地 without limit 無限地；無限制地 limit sb./sth.to sth. 把限制在之內(nèi) limited adj. 有限的,You can come and go when you wantwithin

19、 limits. 你可以自愿來去在一定限度之內(nèi)。 My time is more limited now that I have a baby. 由于我有了孩子，我現(xiàn)在的時間就更有限了。 We must limit the speech to 15 minutes. 我們必須把演講限制在15分鐘之內(nèi)。,牛刀小試 完成句子 (1)五英里內(nèi)禁止人們倒垃圾。 People are forbidden to pour waste_five miles. (2)我愿意適度地幫助你。 Im willing to help you_.,(3)我的時間是有限的，所以我將限制自己只談?wù)撨@個問題的兩個方面。 My

20、 time is_，so Ill_myself_two aspects of the problem. 答案：(1)within a limit of (2)within limits (3)limited；limit；to,7.In the future all shopping will be done online，and catalogues will have voice commands to place orders. 將來所有的購物將會在網(wǎng)上進行，商品目錄將會有語音指令供人下訂單。 (1)command,品味經(jīng)典 Fire when I give the command. 我一

21、下命令就開火。 Who is in command of the army? 誰統(tǒng)帥這支隊伍？ The army is in the command of general Brown. 由布朗將軍統(tǒng)率。,He has (a) good command of the French language. 他精通法語。 The headmaster commanded all the teachers to sign on time. 校長命令所有的老師按時簽到。 He commanded that the troops (should) cross the water. 他命令部隊要過河。,自我探究

22、 command用作名詞，意為“指揮，命令，掌握”。常用結(jié)構(gòu)為： in command of sth.某人統(tǒng)帥某事物； in the command of sb.某事物在某人的統(tǒng)帥下； have (a) good command of.很好地掌握； do sth.at/byones command奉某人之命做某事。 用作及物動詞，意為“命令”，常用結(jié)構(gòu)為： command sb.to do sth.命令某人做某事； command that sb.(should) do sth.命令某人應(yīng)該做某事，注意后跟賓語從句時，從句的謂語用(should)do形式。,牛刀小試 (1)He command

23、ed that all the students _silence. Akept Bkeep Cbe kept Dkeeping 解析：選B。command作“命令，要求”講時，后跟“should動詞原形”故可排除A、D兩項。另外根據(jù)句意：“他要求所有學(xué)生保持沉默”可知應(yīng)用主動形式，故可排除C。 (2)place an order/orders,品味經(jīng)典 I would like to place an order for ten copies of this book. 這本書我想訂購十冊。 The Canadian Air Force has placed a large order fo

24、r electronic equipment. 加拿大空軍訂購了一大批電子設(shè)備。 We may place orders for some of your other machines. 我們可能訂購你們的一些其他機器。,自我探究 place an order/orders意為“訂購，下訂單”，后面跟介詞for表示訂購的東西。,歸納拓展,order n 順序；訂貨(單)；(點的)飯菜；秩序；命令 order v. 命令；訂購，叫(菜) receive an order of. 接到一份的訂單 in order 整齊；有條理 out of order 次序顛倒；(機器等)失靈 take sb.s

25、 order 記下顧客點的菜 keep order 維持秩序 give orders 發(fā)號施令,He gave his order to the waiter. 他把他點的東西告訴服務(wù)員了。 Weve received an order for two tons of coal. 我們已收到兩噸煤的定單。 The waiter came over to take my order. 服務(wù)員過來請我點菜。,牛刀小試 (2)He telephoned the travel agency to _three air tickets to London. Aorder Barrange Ctake D

26、book 解析：選D?？疾閯釉~辨析。句意：他給旅行社打電話預(yù)定3張去倫敦的飛機票。order訂購，叫 (菜等)；arrange安排；take帶去，拿；book預(yù)訂(位子，膳宿等)；預(yù)購(票等)。,8.All forms of recreation，such as cinemas，bowling，softball，concerts and others，will be provided free of charge by the city. 所有的娛樂形式，例如，電影院、保齡球、壘球、音樂會和其他等，都將由該市免費提供。,品味經(jīng)典 The school provides drinking wat

27、er free of charge. 學(xué)校免費提供飲用水。 We also have a swimming pool，which is open all day and free of charge. 我們還有一個游泳池，整日開放且是免費的。,自我探究 free of charge為形容詞短語，常用作表語或狀語，意為“免費”。,歸納拓展,charge n 費用；負責(zé)；指控/指責(zé) charge v. 收費；指控/指責(zé)；襲擊；充電 in charge (of) 主管；負責(zé) in the charge of 由負責(zé)/主管 charge sb.with (doing) sth. 指控某人(做)某事 t

28、ake charge (of) 負責(zé)；掌管 under the charge of 在掌管/看管之下,He was left in charge of the shop while the manager was away.經(jīng)理不在時，他負責(zé)這個商店。 These patients are under the charge of Dr.Wilson. 這些病人由威爾遜醫(yī)生治療。 How much do you charge for mending shoes? 修鞋要多少錢？,His boss asked him to take charge of the office for a few d

29、ays while she was away. 老板讓他在她外出期間負責(zé)幾天辦公室的事務(wù)。 As long as youve paid in advance we wont charge you for delivery. 只要你預(yù)先付款，我們就不收你送貨費。 The battery needs to be charged. 這電池需要充電了。,牛刀小試 (2010年合肥高一檢測)Mr.Smith is_the library while the lab is_his wife. Ain charge of；in charge of Bin charge of；in the charge of

30、 Cin the charge of；in charge of Din the charge of；in the charge of 解析：選B。in charge of “負責(zé)”，in the charge of“由負責(zé)”。句意：史密斯先生負責(zé)圖書館而實驗室由他妻子負責(zé)。,9. Senior citizens and people with disabilities will be able to go anywhere in the world using hightech cameras attached to their head. 通過系在頭上的高科技照相機，行動不便的老人和身體有殘

31、疾的人都能周游世界。,品味經(jīng)典 She attached a stamp to the envelope and mailed it. 她在信封上貼上郵票，然后寄出去了。 Your photo attached to the letter has been received. 附函寄來的你的照片已收到。,This middle school is attached to a teachers college. 這所中學(xué)附屬于一所師范院校。 To be honest，a lot of people attach great importance to becoming rich and famo

32、us. 說實在的，很多人把名和利看得很重。,自我探究 attach是及物動詞，意為“系；貼；連接”，常和介詞to連用。 attach.to.把附在；認為很重要。,牛刀小試 Parents _ much importance to education.They will do their best to give their children that priceless gift. Aattach Bpay Clink Dapply 解析：選A。 本題考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)搭配得出答案：attach importance to 關(guān)注。,10.Distance surgery will become

33、 common as doctors carry out operations from thousands of miles away，with each city having its own telesurgery outpatient clinic. 隨著每個城市擁有自己的遠程門診部，醫(yī)生將能在數(shù)千里之外實施手術(shù)，遠程手術(shù)將變得非常普通。,品味經(jīng)典 It is often easier to make plans than to carry them out. 常常是制訂計劃容易，執(zhí)行計劃難。 I expect her to carry out her promise. 我期待她履行她

34、的諾言。 The plan should be carried out immediately. 應(yīng)該立刻執(zhí)行那項計劃。,自我探究 carry out是及物動詞短語，意為“實行，執(zhí)行；貫徹”，代詞作賓語時放在短語中間。,歸納拓展,carry away 拿走 carry sb.away 使某人失去自制力或非常興奮 carry off 贏得某物 carry on 繼續(xù)進行；開展；經(jīng)營 carry through 幫度過(難關(guān)等)；維持,She carried off most of the prizes for swimming. 她獲得游泳項目的大多數(shù)獎。 If you carry on wor

35、king like that，youll make yourself ill.如果繼續(xù)那樣工作，你會生病的。 Im determined to carry this through. 我決心把這件事做好。,牛刀小試 When the tire blew out，the rules Jim had learned in driving class_Him _safely. Acarried；away Bcarried；on Ccarried；through Dcarried；out 解析：選C?？疾閯釉~短語辨析。carry away“帶走”；carry on“繼續(xù)”；carry through“

36、使渡過難關(guān)”；carry out “執(zhí)行，完成”。根據(jù)句意可知應(yīng)是“渡過難關(guān)”，因此選C。,11.Everyone will be given a telephone number at birth that will never change no matter where they live. 每個人在出生時都會領(lǐng)到一個電話號碼，無論他們生活在什么地方，這個號碼都不會改變。,品味經(jīng)典 No matter where you go，youll find CocaCola. Wherever you go，youll find CocaCola. 不管你走到哪里，都會看到可口可樂。 They

37、dont last long no matter how careful you are. They dont last long however careful you are. 不管你如何仔細，他們都維持不了多久。,No matter when (Whenever) I meet him，he is always wearing that old hat. 不管我什么時候見到他，他總是戴著那頂舊帽子。 No matter how(However)hard he works，he can not get a rise. 不管他工作多努力，他就是得不到提升。 No matter what(Wh

38、atever)he is，he must obey the law. 不論他是什么人，他必須遵守法律。 Dont open the door，no matter who(whoever)calls! 無論誰來，都不要開門！,自我探究 no matterwh引導(dǎo)的從句，只能在句中作狀語。 wherever/whenever/however引導(dǎo)的從句可作讓步狀語從句，相當于no matter where/when/how。 whoever/whatever/whichever既能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，也能引導(dǎo)名詞性從句。引導(dǎo)狀語從句時相當于no matter who/what/which。,With

39、the money，you can buy whatever you want. 有了這些錢，你可以想買什么就買什么。(whatever you want作賓語從句，不可換成no matter what) Whoever leaves the classroom last should remember to turn off the light before leaving. 不管是誰最后離開教室，都應(yīng)該記住走之前關(guān)燈。 (不可換成no matter who) You may choose whichever you like. 不管你喜歡哪個，都可以選。(不可換成no matter whi

40、ch),牛刀小試 _has got along with him will admit he is a good man. ANo matter who BWhoever CWhatever DNo matter what 解析：選B。此處Whoever has got along with him是whoever引導(dǎo)的主語從句， no matter who只能引導(dǎo)狀語從句。句意：與他相處過的人都說他是好人。根據(jù)句意排除C、D兩項。,12.To get rid of garbage problems，the city will load huge spaceships with waste m

41、aterials and send them towards the sun，preventing landfill and environmental problems. 為了清除垃圾，城市將用巨型宇宙飛船裝載廢棄物并把它們朝太陽發(fā)射這樣做防止了垃圾填埋和環(huán)境問題。 (1)To get rid of garbage problems,品味經(jīng)典 To solve the problem，we called on everyone to come up with a suggestion. 為了解決這個問題，我們要求每個人都提出一個建議。 Ive written it down in order

42、 not to forget. 我把它記下來了，以免忘記。 He shouted and waved so as to be noticed. 他叫喊著，揮動著手，以便引起注意。,自我探究 動詞不定式短語可用作目的狀語。不定式和不定式短語作目的狀語，主要用來修飾動詞，表示某一動作或狀態(tài)的目的。為了使目的意義更加清楚或表示強調(diào)意義時，還可以在前面加 in order to 或 so as to。 在句子中作狀語的不定式或不定式短語，表示的是主語的目的，因此，其邏輯主語通常是句子的主語。,牛刀小試 (1)(2011年高考四川卷)Simon made a big bamboo box _ the l

43、ittle sick bird till it could fly. Akeep Bkept Ckeeping Dto keep 解析：選D。句意：西蒙做了一個大竹箱子來養(yǎng)這只生病的小鳥，直到它能飛。根據(jù)句意可確定此處缺少目的狀語。keep，kept及keeping均不能充當目的狀語。動詞不定式to keep可表示目的。 (2)preventing landfill and environmental problems,品味經(jīng)典 The 2010 EXPO was a great success，making Shanghai more famous.(and made.) 2010年世博會取

44、得了巨大成功，使上海更加聞名。 My car was caught in a traffic jam，thus causing the delay. 交通堵塞中我的車被困住，所以延誤了。 The snow lasted a week，resulting in a serious traffic confusion in the whole area. 雪下了一星期，造成整個地區(qū)嚴重的交通混亂。,自我探究 ving可以用作結(jié)果狀語，相當于and(v.ing)動詞原形。注意onlyto do也可以做結(jié)果狀語。 He hurried to the post office，only to find i

45、t closed. 我匆匆地去郵局，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)它關(guān)門了。,牛刀小試 (2)(2010年高考天津卷)It rained heavily in the south，_serious flooding in several provinces. Acaused Bhaving caused Ccausing Dto cause,解析：選C?？疾榉侵^語動詞用法。cause與句子主語是邏輯上的主動關(guān)系，故用ing形式。此處causing serious flooding in several provinces是ing形式表順其自然的結(jié)果。注意B項是ing形式的完成式，強調(diào)ing中的動作發(fā)生在句子謂語之前

46、。根據(jù)語境可知使幾個省發(fā)生洪災(zāi)是下大雨之后的事情，故排除B項。另外，動詞不定式也表示結(jié)果，但其強調(diào)出乎意料的結(jié)果。,13.Distance surgery will become common as doctors carry out operations from thousands of miles away，with each city having its own telesurgery out patientclinic. 隨著每一個城市都有了自己的遠程手術(shù)門診部，醫(yī)生們能從數(shù)千里之外動手術(shù)，遠程手術(shù)將會變得非常普及。,品味經(jīng)典 The teacher came into the c

47、lassroom with a book in his hand.老師走進教室，手里拿著本書。 With Mr.Smith away，weve got more room. 史密斯先生離開了，我們有更多的空間了。 With so many dishes to wash，he couldnt go out for a walk. 有這么多的盤子要洗，他不能出去散步了。,I wont be able to go on holiday with my mother being ill. 媽媽病了，我不能去度假了。 The man was brought in，with his hands tied

48、behind his back. 這個人被帶了進來，雙手綁在身后。 In summer，I like sleeping with all windows open. 在夏天，我喜歡開著所有的窗子睡覺。,自我探究 with賓語賓補。在句中作狀語，或者稱作是with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，表示伴隨、方式、原因或者時間等。 該結(jié)構(gòu)中的賓補一般有：介詞短語(表狀態(tài))、形容詞/副詞(表狀態(tài))、不定式(表示將來的動作)、現(xiàn)在分詞(表示主動和進行)、過去分詞(表示被動和完成)。,牛刀小試 The living room is clean and tidy，with a dining table already _ for

49、 a meal to be cooked. Alaid Blaying Cto lay Dbeing laid 解析：選A。本題考查with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的用法。with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的構(gòu)成是“with賓語賓語補足語”，由于table與lay(擱放)之間是邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，所以空格處用過去分詞表示被動。,譯文助讀 The City of the Future What will the city of the future look like? No one knows for sure，and making predictions is a risky business.But one thing is

50、 certainthey are going to get bigger before they get smaller.In the future，care for the environment will become very important as earths natural resources run out.We will use lots of recycled materials，such as plastic，aluminium，steel，glass，wood and paper，and we will waste fewer natural resources.,We

51、 will also have to rely more on alternative energy，such as solar and wind power.All this seems certain，but there are plenty of things about city life in the future which are not certain.,To find out what young people think about the future of urban life，a teacher at a university in Texas in the Unit

52、ed States asked his students to think how they would run a city of 50,000 people in the year 2025.Here are some of the ideas they had： Garbage ships To get rid of garbage problems，the city will load huge spaceships with waste materials and send them towards the sun，preventing landfill and environmental problems. Batman Nets Police will arrest criminals by firing nets instead of guns.,Forget smoking No smoking w