1、,英語翻譯,Traslation,小試身手,1.書籍將會(huì)僅僅在電腦上，而不在紙上。 Books_only_on computer, not_paper.,2.我們要把人送上太空的夢想終于實(shí)現(xiàn)了。 Our dream of sending man into_finally _ _.,will,be,on,space,came true,漢譯英,1.這消息使他非常失望。 2.她靠寫作謀生。 3.他將在醫(yī)院躲過一段痛苦的時(shí)光 4.這個(gè)男孩不能回答這個(gè)簡單的問題。 5.我想我將周游世界。,答案,The news makes her very disappointed. He makes a livin

2、g by writing. He wii spend a difficult time in hospital. This boy isnt able to answer this easy question. I think Ill travel all over the world.,英語的遣詞造句,篇章結(jié)構(gòu)以及語體形式均離不開語境,因而正確翻譯的基礎(chǔ)應(yīng)在于準(zhǔn)確地把握語境。從這一觀點(diǎn)出發(fā),得出語域理論是有關(guān)語境的理論中最具效力的。在翻譯中,要注意單詞在不同的語境中所具有的不同意義,翻譯表達(dá)應(yīng)再現(xiàn)原文情景,要注重不同的語篇具有不同的功能。,翻譯一般來說是指語際之間的信息傳遞和語族之間的文化交

3、流。它不僅涉及兩種相關(guān)的語言系統(tǒng),而且包括涉及大量語言體系以外的制約因素,如翻譯活動(dòng)中的心理和思維過程,以及不同語言所負(fù)載的哲學(xué)、美學(xué)、修辭學(xué)和文化傳統(tǒng)等等。在翻譯活動(dòng)中,譯者面臨著對(duì)原語文本進(jìn)行最大限度的理解。,在歷屆中考中，翻譯往往占據(jù)這重要地位，分?jǐn)?shù)一般在10分左右。 所以熟練的掌握翻譯技巧對(duì)同學(xué)們來說非常重要。,多練,多寫,多記,定語從句的翻譯,定語從句是由一些關(guān)系代詞或者關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的從句組成，用來修飾名詞中心詞。,定語的翻譯要特別注意位子上的變化，即：如果是單詞修飾名詞就放在中心詞的前面，這和漢語的詞序是一樣的；如果定語太長，定語就要放在中心詞的后面，這時(shí)就要注意斷句，重復(fù)先行詞。

4、,例如,I have the same problem as you concerning the learning of English 。,在學(xué)英語的問題上，我和你有同樣的問題。,在過去的幾百年中，已經(jīng)有記載說，確實(shí)有被動(dòng)物養(yǎng)大的與世隔絕的狼孩的存在。,For several hundred years, cases have been reported of children who have been reared in thewild by animals kept isolated from all social contact.,隨堂練習(xí),He is the very perso

5、n (whom) Im looking for. This is the flexible policy that our government has pursued consistently. I still remember the time when we studied in the same university. a. Misers are often lonely and obscure men whose wealth is revealed only after their death.,具體翻譯來說，定語從句的翻譯可分為限制性和非限制性定語從句兩種，翻譯成漢語時(shí)不論是在語

6、序方面還是重復(fù)先行詞方面都有一定的講究：,前置,這種定語從句一般比較短，翻譯起來比較方便，和漢語的詞序完全一樣，。,例,Our two countries are neighbors whose friendship is of long standing. 我們兩國是友誼長存的友好鄰邦。,隨堂練習(xí),Teachers generally like the students who achieve high scores in tests . He is not the one who will give up easily. This is the finest weather that I

7、have ever seen this month.,后置,以上的這些例子告訴我們，如果定語很短的話，我們可以把他象漢語一樣放在中心詞的前面。但是，有的時(shí)候，如果定語太長，讀起來就不符和漢語的習(xí)慣，因此，往往要后置，重復(fù)先行詞,這就是下面要提到的定語從句的 “后置“問題 。,A table has four legs, one of which is broken .,桌子有四條腿，其中的一條腿是壞的。,綜合性翻譯,綜合性”的翻譯就是，翻譯時(shí)不需要關(guān)系詞，其中的關(guān)系完全靠上下文的意思來表現(xiàn)出來。,中考一般考文段翻譯,熟記單詞,In ten years, I think Ill be a rep

8、orter. Ill live in Shanghai, because I went to Shanghai last year and fell in love with it. I think its really a beautiful city. As a reporter, I think I will meet lots of interesting people. I think Ill live an apartment with my best friends, because I dont like living alone.,例,因?yàn)槿ツ晡胰チ松虾２⑶覑凵狭四抢铩?作為

9、一名記者，我想我會(huì)結(jié)識(shí)很多有趣的人。 我想我會(huì)和我最要好的朋友住在一所公寓里，因?yàn)槲也幌矚g獨(dú)自生活。,注意,“as”引導(dǎo)的句子： 除了以上這些例子以外，還有一些特殊的由 “as”引導(dǎo)的句子, 翻譯時(shí)可參考“as”的比 較結(jié)構(gòu)從句。,He is not such as fool as he looks.,他并不象看上去的那么傻,例,課后作業(yè),You should take advantage of the opportunity to learn English well, which is very valuable. We examine the quality of our product

10、s, which is why they are so reliable . He arrived at the railway station in time , which is expected,漢譯英,1.這個(gè)周末我們將去遠(yuǎn)足旅行。 2.他們已經(jīng)失敗了多次，但是總有一天他們會(huì)成功。 3.你十年后的生活會(huì)怎樣？ 4.我甚至可能會(huì)獨(dú)自居住在那房子里。 5.我一看到那個(gè)MP3就喜歡上了它。,1. We will go hiking this weekend. 2.they have failed many times, but one day theyll be successful. 3.

11、What will your life like in ten years? 4.I might even live alone in the house. 5.I fell in love with the MP3 as soon as I saw it.,About 200 million years ago the earths surface was very different from the one we know today.All of the landmasses were grouped together into one vast supercontinent call

12、ed Pangaca. The rest of the globe was now covered by a single greater ocean known as Panthalassa. But, if you lookdown at our planet from outer space now, most of what you see is water; 71% of the planetssurface is covered by oceans and its because of this that thee earth is sometimes called”the wat

13、erplanet”.,文段翻譯,Often we complain when we have to accompany or watch over our parents. But do we realize that our parents accompany us and watch over us for as long as we or they live? Since the day we were born to our adulthood, and even when death comes to greet us, they are always at our side. No

14、w its our turn to spare our short time for a great and meaning life ahead of our lives.,I never heard her play again in my life. I no longer went downstairs to listen like before. Only thick leaves were left behind. But I will always remember the fine figure of the girl. She is like a dream；so short, so bright, like a shooting star giving off so much light that it makes the autumn beautiful. There are many kinds of friends. Some are always with you, but dont understand you. Some say only a few words to you, but are close to you