1、專題八 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)與 語態(tài),專題 八 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)與語態(tài),專題 八 專題導(dǎo)讀,時(shí)態(tài)的考查主要集中在完成時(shí)、進(jìn)行時(shí)等主要時(shí)態(tài)的掌握上。要求學(xué)生熟練掌握幾種主要時(shí)態(tài)的基本概念，解題時(shí)要充分挖掘時(shí)間副詞、短語、時(shí)間狀語從句提供的信息。 在復(fù)習(xí)時(shí)應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn)：(1)吃透語境，摸清作者的意圖；(2)準(zhǔn)確判斷動(dòng)作和時(shí)間的關(guān)系(即動(dòng)作是在什么時(shí)間發(fā)生的)；(3)正確理解時(shí)間概念(大的時(shí)間：現(xiàn)在、過去、將來；小的時(shí)間：時(shí)間段、時(shí)間點(diǎn)、時(shí)間瞬間)；(4)找準(zhǔn)相關(guān)時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)間之間的交叉點(diǎn)。例如：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)(現(xiàn)在時(shí)間的交叉點(diǎn))。,專題 八 專題導(dǎo)讀,高考對(duì)被動(dòng)語態(tài)的考查熱點(diǎn)主要是及物動(dòng)詞在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中的使用。

2、被動(dòng)語態(tài)與主動(dòng)語態(tài)一樣，也有多種時(shí)態(tài)。被動(dòng)語態(tài)的完成時(shí)態(tài)和進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)中，考生往往漏掉been或being。因此被動(dòng)語態(tài)的各種常用時(shí)態(tài)的構(gòu)成，仍是高考命題的熱點(diǎn)之一。時(shí)態(tài)與語態(tài)連用也是高考題的一個(gè)考點(diǎn)。一個(gè)題目同時(shí)交叉考查幾個(gè)語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)是近幾年高考的一個(gè)趨勢(shì)。具體說來，在解題時(shí)要遵循以下思路：,專題 八 專題導(dǎo)讀,1這個(gè)動(dòng)作可能發(fā)生在什么時(shí)間？題干句中可參照的時(shí)間信息有哪些？ 2這個(gè)動(dòng)作處于什么狀態(tài)，是進(jìn)行中，還是已結(jié)束(完成)？限制或修飾這個(gè)動(dòng)作的狀語信息有哪些？ 3這個(gè)動(dòng)作與主語的關(guān)系，是主動(dòng)還是被動(dòng)？ 只要全面細(xì)致地考慮了這些問題，試題的正確答案也就水落石出了。,專題 八 真題再現(xiàn),( )1

3、. 2010上海 The church tower which _ will be open to tourists soon. The work is almost finished. Ahas restored Bhas been restored Cis restoring Dis being restored D 本題考查被動(dòng)語態(tài)。restore意為“修復(fù)”，而最后一句表明工程還未完成，因此為正在修復(fù)中，答案選D。,專題 八 真題再現(xiàn),( )2. 2010福建 Guess what, weve got our visas for a shortterm visit to the UK

4、this summer. How nice! You _ a different culture then. Awill be experiencing Bhave experienced Chave been experiencing Dwill have experienced,專題 八 真題再現(xiàn),A 考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。由第一句可知：我們已經(jīng)得到了暑假去英國(guó)旅行的短期簽證，再由第二句中then可知：這是對(duì)去英國(guó)旅行的美好祝愿，動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生。因此時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)為將來進(jìn)行時(shí)。,專題 八 真題再現(xiàn),( )3. 2010安徽 Were you surprised by the ending of the fi

5、lm? No. I _ the book, so I already knew the story. Awas reading Bhad read Cam reading Dhave read B 考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意為：“你對(duì)電影結(jié)果感到吃驚嗎？”“不，我已經(jīng)讀過這本書，所以我已知道了這個(gè)故事?！薄白x書”是在“看電影”之前，故用過去完成時(shí)。,專題 八 真題再現(xiàn),( )4. 2010北京 Im sorry, but I dont quite follow you. Did you say you wanted to return on September 20? Sorry, I _ myself

6、clear. We want to return on October 20. Ahadnt made Bwouldnt make Cdont make Dhavent made D 本題考查時(shí)態(tài)和情景交際。答句意為“抱歉，我還沒有把我的意思表達(dá)明白”，強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響，用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)。,專題 八 真題再現(xiàn),( )5. 2010湖南 I walked slowly through the market, where people _ all kinds of fruits and vegetables. I studied the prices carefully and bought w

7、hat I needed. Asell Bwere selling Chad sold Dhave sold B 考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)“I studied the prices carefully and bought what I needed”的提示可判斷此處表示“人們當(dāng)時(shí)正在出售各種水果和蔬菜”，即表示過去某時(shí)正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，故選B。,專題 八 真題再現(xiàn),( )6. 2010湖南 Im tired out. I _ all afternoon and I dont seem to have finished anything. Ashopped Bhave shopped Chad sho

8、pped Dhave been shopping D 考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意為：我現(xiàn)在很累。我整個(gè)下午一直在購物，我好像什么事都沒做成似的。由語境可判斷選D。,專題 八 真題再現(xiàn),( )7. 2010上海 Every few years, the coal workers _ their lungs Xrayed to ensure their health. Aare having Bhave Chave had Dhad had B 本題考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語every few years，可判斷本句應(yīng)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，因此答案選B。,專題 八 真題再現(xiàn),( )8. 2010天津 We _ on

9、this project for four hours. Lets have a rest. Aare working Bhave been working Cworked Dhad worked B 考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)?，F(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示一直在干某件事，表示動(dòng)作的連續(xù)和延續(xù)。,專題 八 真題再現(xiàn),( )9. 2010天津 Traditional folk arts of Tianjin like paper cutting _ at the culture show of the 2010 Shanghai World Expo. Aare exhibiting Bis exhibiting C

10、are being exhibited Dis being exhibited C 考查現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)的主謂一致。traditional folk arts of Tianjin 是真正的主語，與后面like paper cutting 無關(guān)。,專題 八 真題再現(xiàn),( )10. 2010江蘇 Why, Jack, you look so tired! Well, I _ the house and I must finish the work tomorrow. Awas painting Bwill be painting Chave painted Dhave been painti

11、ng D 本題考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)后句and I must finish the work tomorrow可以推斷“動(dòng)作還將繼續(xù)”；have done表示“動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成”；have been doing表示“動(dòng)作從過去開始延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，而且可能還將繼續(xù)”，所以選擇D項(xiàng)。,專題 八 專題預(yù)測(cè),( )1.Up to now, thousands of people _ possible ideas on how to clean up the oil in the Gulf of Mexico. Ahave submitted Bsubmitted Cwill submit Dare submittin

12、g A 考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。由時(shí)間狀語up to now可以看出，該題應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。句意為：到目前為止，成千上萬的人們已經(jīng)提交了關(guān)于如何清理墨西哥灣泄漏的石油的可能的辦法。,專題 八 專題預(yù)測(cè),( )2.I want to pay a visit to your house this time tomorrow. Im afraid I will not be available, for I _ an important meeting. Awill have attended Bwill be attending Cattend Dam attending B 考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。答語中承前省

13、略了時(shí)間狀語“this time tomorrow”，指下明那個(gè)時(shí)候正在開會(huì)，所以用將來進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。,專題 八 專題預(yù)測(cè),( )3.Carol and Jessie dont seem to be getting on well with each other now. Why is that? It is said that Carol _ by Jessie. Ahas felt betrayed Bis feeling betrayed Cfeels betrayed Dwill feel betrayed A 考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。因?yàn)镃arol感覺自己被Jessie出賣了，因此跟對(duì)方關(guān)系不好，

14、強(qiáng)調(diào)過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響，用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。,專題 八 專題預(yù)測(cè),( )4.Last night I greeted Bob on the street, but he ignored me. Perhaps he _ something and _ you. Athought about；didnt notice Bwas thinking about；wasnt noticing Cwas thinking about；didnt notice Dthought about：hasnt noticed C 考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)語境，think about是當(dāng)時(shí)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，所以用過去進(jìn)

15、行時(shí)；notice在句中陳述過去所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，用一般過去式。,專題 八 專題預(yù)測(cè),( )5.They are going to visit the professor we _ in the library the other day. Ameet Bhave met Cwould meet Dmet D 考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。由the other day“前幾天”可知應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。句意為：他們打算去拜訪幾天前我們?cè)趫D書管里遇見的那位教授。,專題 八 專題預(yù)測(cè),( )6.Whats the problem, sir? You _ at least at a speed of about 100 m

16、iles per hour. Aare driving Bdrove Cwere driving Dhave driven C 考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為：“出什么問題了嗎，先生？”“您的車速至少達(dá)到了每小時(shí)約100英里?！睆陌岛囊馑伎赏茰y(cè)該車主超速駕駛了，所以應(yīng)該是被攔下時(shí)發(fā)生的對(duì)話，所以超速應(yīng)該是強(qiáng)調(diào)剛才正在發(fā)生，所以用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。,專題 八 專題預(yù)測(cè),( )7.In recent years, the singer isnt as popular as he once was, and his latest album _ only five thousand copies. Ais so

17、ld Bis selling Csold Dwas sold C 考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)與語態(tài)。動(dòng)詞sell在本句中用主動(dòng)語態(tài)表被動(dòng)。句意為：最近幾年里，這位歌手不如從前受歡迎，他的最新專輯只賣了5 000張?！百u掉”是過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，應(yīng)用過去時(shí),專題 八 專題預(yù)測(cè),( )8.Professor Baker, who _the research of wild animals all his life, _ to give a speech in our school next week. Ahas devoted to；is supposed Bis devoted to；will be suppo

18、sed Chas been devoted to；is supposed Dhad devoted to；will be supposed C 考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。devote是及物動(dòng)詞，A和D項(xiàng)為主動(dòng)形式，后不帶賓語，直接跟to不正確，從句中的all his life表明要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。短語be supposed to do表示“應(yīng)該，被期望”，指期望將來發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，與next week照應(yīng)。句意為：Baker教授一生致力于野生動(dòng)物的研究，下周有望在我們學(xué)校做報(bào)告。,專題 八 專題預(yù)測(cè),( )9. Did you telephone Uncle Sam our plan for the Christmas holidays on his farm? Yes, he was happy about our arrival, and he eagerly asked when _. Ahad we arrived Bwe had arrived Cwere we arriving Dwe