1、,unit 16 porcelaincalling card of chinese culture,lead-in,text study,exercises,content,lead-in,do you know the five famous kilns (窯) in song dynasty?,five famous kilns are the jun, ding, guan, ge, and ru.,2.1 introduction,2.2 natures craft,2.3 pure blue-and-white porcelain,2.4 a subtle and reserved

2、world,text study,2.5 shape and imagery,introduction,in english, the country and “porcelain” share the same name”china”. this proves that europeans have long known of chinas relationship to porcelain. porcelain found its way to europe in the 15th century, occupying an important position in the exchan

3、ges between china and other countries.,introduction,porcelain garnered a good reputation for china for its sophistication and elegance. it played an important role in the wave of the european idealization of china during the 17th and18th centuries.,around the 1st century, porcelain production first

4、emerged in china. by the song dynasty it had become mature. song-dynasty porcelain represented the acme (頂峰) of chinese porcelain technique.,introduction,introduction,chinese porcelain is cherish for its serene color, crystal paste, graceful designs, and ingenious forms. it can be regarded as the ca

5、lling card of chinese culture.,crackling: a porcelain terminology the crackles occurred during kilning due to flawed workmanship, but latter on crackleware become a craze (時尚) in song dynasty, and was passed down to this very day.,natures craft,the ge kiln (located in present-day longquan, zhejiang

6、province) was a typical kiln of the song dynasty that produced crackleware.,natures craft,crakleware today is one of the typical chinese porcelain styles. the interest in crackleware lies in its naturally produced and unpredictable patterns.,natures craft,pure and elegant beauty is the goal that por

7、celain pursues, and this ideal is best explained in the production of blue-and-white porcelain.,pure blue-and-white porcelain,chinese-made blue-and-white porcelain ware emerged long before the founding of the tang dynasty. it was not until the yuan dynasty that this type of porcelain came to be prod

8、uced in quantity, with the attendant masterpieces. the ming dynasty witnessed the maturity of the art, and a large number of valuable pieces were produced in this period.,pure blue-and-white porcelain,jingdezhen became the porcelain-producing center in the yuan dynasty and the subsequent ming dynast

9、y, the imperial kilns were established here. blue-and-white porcelain produced here is the most representative of chinese porcelain.,pure blue-and-white porcelain,blue-and-white porcelain accords well with the culture and aesthetic spirit chinese people have long pursuedof simplicity, unaffectedness

10、 and ease. it displays a world of conciseness and elegance, serenity and purity.,pure blue-and-white porcelain,most chinese porcelain ware embodies the characteristics of confucian aesthetics. in its pursuit of gentleness and refinement one senses the aesthetic propensities (傾向) of confucianism; thr

11、ough its implicit and reserved artistic style one discovers the reserved nature of confucian aesthetics.,a subtle and reserved world,the song dynasty was a renaissance period for confucianism, and also a period of maturity in porcelain production. the increased popularity of confucianism advanced th

12、e remarkable development of song-dynasty porcelain production, while its aesthetic standards gave enlightenment to porcelain craftspeople. the served style in porcelain which emphasizes internal beauty has been passed down since song dynasty.,a subtle and reserved world,another representative of a r

13、eserved style is underglaze red porcelain, one of the two types of porcelain developed to its maturity in jingdezhen during the yuan dynasty. difficult to produce, underglaze red is not as popular as blue-and-white porcelain, though it displays a high artistic taste.,a subtle and reserved world,the

14、design of this precious underglaze red vase is drawn in underglaze red, and at the lower section is a circular design of lotus petals. palm trees, rocks and groves of bamboo, drawn on the belly of the vase, produce a graceful landscape painting with profound allusions.,a subtle and reserved world,po

15、rcelain is a comprehensive art, and form is as important to a good piece of porcelain as it is to a fine piece of sculpture.,shape and imagery,shape and imagery,white porcelain the most famous white porcelain was produced in the ding kiln of the song dynasty, which exerted a great influence on later

16、 white porcelain products. a small white porcelain container produced during the qing dynastys daoguang reign (1821-1850) is such a piece in the white series.,chinese porcelain also pursues painting effects. porcelain ware usually contains images from landscapes as well as bird-and-flower paintings.

17、 most porcelain craftspeople were also adept (擅長的) at painting.,shape and imagery,for ming- and qing-dynasty porcelain ware, elegance in shape, intriguing use of color, fine texture, and vivid images all set off each other, adding great splendor to the art.,shape and imagery,famille-rose (粉彩),under

18、the influence of european painting, at the end of the ming dynasty and the beginning of the qing dynasty, chinese porcelain began to incorporate european artistic techniques into its design, such as through the use of light and shadow, to make the whole design vivid with three-dimensional effects.,s

19、hape and imagery,famille-rose, also referred to as “soft-color”, was so named as to differentiate it from the application of color without shading changes.,shape and imagery,famille-rose (粉彩),the famille-rose vase with nine-peach design,exercises,comprehension,communication,application,l. skimming a

20、nd scanning go through the passage quickly and judge whether the following statements are true (t) or false (f) according to the passage. _1) in english, our country and “porcelain” share the same name, probably because europeans came to know china through chinese porcelain. _2) porcelain can be reg

21、arded as the calling card of chinese culture partly because it was first produced in china.,comprehension,t,t,_3) crackleware was first produced on purpose and is still popular today. _4) the three pieces of crackleware mentioned in paragraph 6 were all made in the same ge kiln in the song dynasty.

22、_5) now, blue-and-white porcelain is the most typical type of chinese porcelain. _6) blue-and-white porcelain is cherished for its elaboration and artificiality. _7) song-dynasty porcelain embodies the reserved nature of confucian aesthetics. _8) for porcelain, the form is more important than the im

23、agery.,comprehension,f,t,f,t,f,f,ii. careful reading,1. read the passage carefully and answer the following questions briefly.,comprehension,what was chinese porcelain famous for?,chinese porcelain was famous for its sophistication and elegance.,2) what is the relationship between pottery and porcel

24、ain?,pottery is the predecessor of porcelain, while glazed pottery is the basis for the emergence of porcelain.,3) what are the qualities of chinese porcelain that make it popular?,comprehension,the qualities of chinese porcelain which make it popular are its serene color, crystal paste, graceful de

25、signs, and ingenious forms.,4) what is the cause of the irregular cracks on the crackleware?,the cause of the irregular cracks on the crackleware is flawed workmanship.,comprehension,5) why do chinese people love crackleware?,chinese people love crackleware because they love natures unique craft.,6)

26、 when did the mass production of blue-and-white porcelain begin?,the mass production of blue-and-white porcelain pieces did not begin until the yuan dynasty.,comprehension,7) what qualities does blue-and-white porcelain display that reflect chinese aesthetics?,blue-and-white porcelain displays such

27、qualities as conciseness and elegance, serenity and purity that reflect chinese aesthetics.,8) what does song-dynasty porcelain emphasize?,song-dynasty porcelain emphasizes internal beauty.,9) why is underglaze red porcelain not so popular as blue-and-white porcelain?,comprehension,underglaze red po

28、rcelain is not so popular as blue-and-white porcelain because it is difficult to produce.,10) what techniques are adopted in chinese porcelain under the influence of european painting?,under the influence of european painting european artistic techniques are introduced in chinese porcelain design, s

29、uch as the use of light and shadow, to make the whole design vivid with three-dimensional effects.,2. put the following into english by referring to the passage,2) 青花瓷器,comprehension,1) 開片瓷器,crackleware,blue-and-white porcelain,3) 釉里紅瓷器,underglaze red porcelain,4) 粉彩瓷器,famille-rose porcelain,differe

30、nt kinds of porcelain:,1) 茶杯,comprehension,teacup,2) 碗,bowl,3) 香爐,incense burner,4) 盤,plate,containers:,5) 瓶,vase,1) 菊花,comprehension,chrysanthemum,2) 蓮花,lotus petals,3) 梔子花,gardenia,4) 石榴,pomegranate,objects in patterns:,5) 芍藥,chinese herbaceous peony,6) 茶花,comprehension,camellia,7) 芭蕉樹,palm tree,8

31、) 石頭,rocks,9) 竹叢,groves of bamboo,10) 五色花瓣,five-color petals,11) 風(fēng)景,landscape,11) 花鳥,bird-and-flower,communication,the following is a passage on rococo. the underlined sentence is taken from the passage. find the best place where the sentence could be put from a, b, c and d .,however, since the mid-

32、19th century, the term has been accepted by art historians. rococo is a style of 18th century french art and interior design. a rococo rooms were designed as total works of art with elegant and ornate furniture, small sculptures, ornamental mirrors, and tapestry (掛毯) complementing architecture, reli

33、efs, and wall paintings. it was largely supplanted by the neoclassic style.,b the word “rococo” is seen as a combination of the french rocaille, meaning stone, and coquilles, meaning shell, due to reliance on these objects as motifs of decoration. c it may also be related to the italian barocco, or

34、baroque style. due to rococos preferring to shell-like curves and focusing on decorative arts, some critics used the term to derogatively imply that the style was frivolous (瑣屑的) or merely modish (時髦的); when the term was first used in english in about 1836, it was a colloquialism (口語用詞) meaning “old-fashioned”.,communication,d while there is still some debate on the historical significance of the style to art in general, rococo is now widely recognized as a major period in the development of european art.,communication,d,application,the story of the