1、第八章 書面表達(dá),要點(diǎn)點(diǎn)撥,一、書面表達(dá)的概念和分類 書面表達(dá)也就是作文，是學(xué)生綜合運(yùn)用所學(xué)知識(shí)，正確表達(dá)自己觀點(diǎn)的方式。書面表達(dá)題要求學(xué)生用所掌握的詞匯、句型、語法等組織語言，寫成篇章，是對(duì)學(xué)生整體語言水平的考查。在解題時(shí)，學(xué)生要做到細(xì)心審題，明確要求，注意單詞的拼寫和語法的運(yùn)用，做到語句通順，層次清楚，謄寫工整，卷面整潔。記住工整的書寫和整潔的卷面會(huì)為作文加分。,小學(xué)階段的書面表達(dá)的形式分為以下幾種： 1. 命題作文 2. 文字提示作文 3. 看圖作文 4. 表格提示作文 5. 書信作文,二、常見書面表達(dá)的解題技巧 1. 命題作文： 由于沒有具體的限定材料，這種作文容易出現(xiàn)偏題，因此，寫作

2、時(shí)要仔細(xì)審題，確立中心，明確要求。 2. 文字提示作文：按提示信息整理出要點(diǎn)，可以在順序上進(jìn)行重新整合，特別注意不要逐字翻譯。 3. 看圖作文：題目會(huì)提供一幅或一組有情境，或有線索的圖片，還可能在圖內(nèi)或圖下配關(guān)鍵的提示詞。做看圖作文題的時(shí)候，要仔細(xì)觀察圖片，所寫句子要符合圖意；同時(shí)如有提示詞，則需要將提示詞盡量都用上，并注意時(shí)態(tài)的正確運(yùn)用。,4. 表格提示作文：按照表格的提示，用自己熟悉的短語和句型，整理出要點(diǎn)，然后組合成短文。 5. 書信作文：書信寫作的格式是書信作文的一個(gè)重要的考核點(diǎn)。同時(shí)，書信作文的要求會(huì)在題目中給出，并且人名多數(shù)時(shí)候都是被限定的，在讀題的時(shí)候，一定要看清楚。,考點(diǎn)精析,

3、考點(diǎn)1 考查命題作文的寫作 【例1】請(qǐng)以 “My Mother” 為題，寫一篇50詞左右的作文。 解析: 這是學(xué)生十分熟悉的題材，以自己的母親為寫作對(duì)象，可以寫母親的外貌、性格特點(diǎn)、工作情況、愛好、周末活動(dòng)等等。選擇最能夠勾勒母親形象的信息，寫成語意連貫的短文，就是一篇好文章。,范文：My mother likes smiling. She is 40 years old. But she looks younger than her age. She is very active. She can jump rope. She can kick shuttlecock(踢毽子) well.

4、She is good at playing ping-pong, too. But she is not a PE teacher. She is a kind nurse. She is always helpful to the patients. On the weekend, she often climbs mountains with my father and me.,考點(diǎn)2 考查圖片作文的寫作 【例2】假設(shè)你是Bob，請(qǐng)結(jié)合圖片寫一寫你的假期計(jì)劃，50詞左右。,解析: 本題是多幅圖的作文。文字提示要求你以Bob 的身份，用所給的圖片信息，寫出自己的假期安排，所以作文的人稱是第

5、一人稱。游泳、繪畫、看望祖父母和旅游這些活動(dòng)是可以自行合理安排的，不需要按順序。另外，題目中的“計(jì)劃”一詞，說明全文的時(shí)態(tài)要用一般將來時(shí)。,范文：My name is Bob. Im a student of Grade Six. This summer vacation will be a long and free holiday. Im expecting it. I will go swimming every morning. Because its good exercise. Im also going to learn to draw three times a week. I

6、n August, I will take a trip to Hangzhou with my parents. And I will visit my grandparents there. I think I will have a good time in my summer vacation.,考點(diǎn)3 考查文字提示作文的寫作 【例3】上周末，雖然你做了很多事情，但是你過得很開心，以下是你做的事情： 1.get up and have breakfast 2. finish my homework 3.clean my bedroom 4.play chess with father

7、5. see a film with Lucy 請(qǐng)根據(jù)上面的內(nèi)容提示寫一篇作文，敘述你上個(gè)周末是怎樣度過的。,解析:對(duì)于文字提示作文，要理解清楚提示內(nèi)容的意思，如上周末，說明全文的時(shí)態(tài)要用一般過去時(shí)。 范文：Last weekend, I did a lot of things, but I was very happy. I got up at 7:00 and had breakfast at 7:30. Then in the morning, I finished my homework. After that, I cleaned my bedroom. On Saturday af

8、ternoon, I played chess with my father. In the evening, I saw a film with my good friend, Lucy. We had a good time.,考點(diǎn)4 考查表格提示作文與書信作文的寫作 【例4】假設(shè)你叫Li Hua，你很想和Lisa 成為好朋友，請(qǐng)寫一封信向Lisa簡(jiǎn)單地介紹自己，并表達(dá)你想和她成為好朋友的愿望。50詞左右，注意書信格式。,解析: 根據(jù)題目可以判斷這是Li Hua 第一次給Lisa 寫信，表格的內(nèi)容列舉得很詳細(xì)，合理安排好表格內(nèi)容，就能寫出一篇內(nèi)容豐富的好作文,同時(shí)一定要注意書信的格式。 范

9、文：Dear Lisa, My name is Li Hua. I am a Chinese girl. Im in Dongguan, Guangdong. I am a student in No.1 Primary School. Im in Class 4,Grade 6. My favourite subjects are art and English. I like playing the pipa and drawing. I can draw very well. Do you have the same hobbies as mine? I wish we can be g

10、ood friends. Write to me soon! Yours, Li Hua,This is my bedroom. Its small but nice. There is a bed in the room. Its blue. A picture is over the bed. Near the bed there is a desk. I always do my homework there. I love my bedroom so much.,過關(guān)檢測(cè),一、請(qǐng)根據(jù)下面的要求寫作文。 1. 以“My Bedroom”為題寫一篇短文，介紹你的臥室，不少于六句話。 My

11、Bedroom,2. 以“My Family”為題寫一篇短文，介紹你的一家人，不少于六句話。 My Family 3. 以“My Father”為題寫一篇短文，介紹你的父親， 不少于六句話。 My Father,There are three people in my family. My father, my mother and me. My father is a doctor. My mother is a teacher. They are hard-working. I am a happy student. We are a happy family.,My father is

12、a doctor. He works in a hospital. He is a very good doctor. He helps the people who are sick. He likes his job. That makes him happy.,4. 以“My School Life”為題寫一篇短文，介紹你的學(xué)校生活，不少于六句話。 My School Life,Im a student of Grade Five. I study in Yuying School. Every morning, I get up at 7:00. Then I do morning e

13、xercises. I eat breakfast at 7:50. I have four classes in the morning,and two in the afternoon. Classes are over at 4:30. Then we can play basketball or play games on the playground. That is so fun. I like my school life.,5.請(qǐng)以“My Favourite Season”為題寫一篇短文，描述你最喜歡的季節(jié)，不少于五句話。 My Favourite Season,I like

14、autumn best.Its always cool and windy in and autumn. I can fly kites and have a picnic. In autumn,I can wear shirts and jeans.autumn is very good for me, because my birthday is in autumn.I can have a birthday party outside and do a lot of interesting things. I like autumn best. What about you?,My mo

15、ther is a bus driver. She is so hard-working. Every morning, she has to get up at 5:00. She has some milk, bread and an egg for breakfast. She goes to work at 5:30. She doesnt have lunch at home. She gets home at 6:00 p.m.,二、根據(jù)下面的提示寫作文。 1. 假設(shè)你媽媽是一名公交車司機(jī)，她每天五點(diǎn)鐘起床，早餐喝牛奶，吃面包和雞蛋。然后五點(diǎn)半就去上班了。晚上6點(diǎn)才回到家里。根據(jù)以

16、上提示，寫一篇50詞左右的短文。,Every weekend is fun for me. On Saturday morning, I always do my homework and read books. In the afternoon, I play football with my friends. In the evening, I watch TV with my family. On Sunday morning, I play the piano. Sometimes I go to see a film on Sunday afternoon.,2. 請(qǐng)根據(jù)下面的提示寫

17、一篇短文，描述你的周末生活。要求用上所給的全部提示詞，可以適當(dāng)發(fā)揮，不少于50詞。 提示詞：read books, do homework, play the piano, play football with friends, watch TV， see a film,My name is Li Bo. I am a boy of 11 years old. I live in Beijing. My father is an engineer, and my mother is a nurse. They love me very much. I love them, too. My fa

18、ther likes reading books. My mother likes reading books, too. My hobbies are playing computer games and playing the piano. I have a happy family.,3. 假設(shè)你叫李波，是一位來自北京的十一歲男生。 你的爸爸是位工程師，你的媽媽是位護(hù)士，他們都非常喜歡你。 你爸爸喜歡看書，你媽媽也喜歡。你喜歡玩電腦游戲和彈鋼琴。你有一個(gè)幸福的家庭。請(qǐng)根據(jù)以上提示，寫一篇不少于50詞的短文。,_,I go to school by bus from Monday to F

19、riday.Every morning, I walk to the bus stop. I take the No. 18 bus. I get on the bus in front of the cinema, then I get off it in front of my school. On the way, I can see many people waiting at the traffic lights. They know the traffic rules. And they obey the traffic rules.,4. 請(qǐng)根據(jù)下面的提示詞寫一篇短文，說說你從家

20、到學(xué)校的路線，以及沿途所見，不少于50詞。 提示詞： walk,get on,get off,take the No.18 bus， traffic lights, many people, school,_,I have a dream. I want to be a doctor when I grow up. I hope I can help many people one day.I hope I can make the people keep healthy. I wish I could be the best doctor in the world. I hope my dr

21、eam will come true one day.,5. 請(qǐng)以“My Dream”為題和所給的提示詞寫一篇短文，介紹你的夢(mèng)想，不少于50詞。 提示詞：have a dream,want to be, grow up, come true My Dream,三、看圖作文。 1. 張明和他的妹妹正在去上學(xué)的路上。請(qǐng)根據(jù)圖片寫一篇短文，描述他們?nèi)ド蠈W(xué)的經(jīng)過和心情，不少于50詞。,Its a sunny day today. Zhang Ming and his sister are going to school. Their home is near the school, so they a

22、re going on foot. Zhang Ming is a student of Grade Five. His sister is a new student of Grade One. She looks so happy.,2. 看！這是下午第二節(jié)課后自由活動(dòng)的時(shí)間里，同學(xué)們?cè)诮淌依锏那榫?。?qǐng)根據(jù)圖片寫一篇短文，描述大家都在干些什么，不少于50詞。,After the second class in the afternoon, we are free. But many students are in the classroom. John is doing an experi

23、ment with Miss White. Wu Yifan is cleaning the blackboard. Sarah is drawing a picture. Zhang Peng and Mike are playing chess. Chen Jie and Amy are reading an interesting book. Everyone is happy.,_,3. 周日，John和他的爸爸媽媽參觀了動(dòng)物園。請(qǐng)根據(jù)圖片寫一篇短文，描述John的所見所聞，不少于50詞。,Today is Sunday. John went to the zoo with his f

24、ather and mother. Its a big zoo. There are many animals in the zoo. The elephants are drinking water. A monkey is swinging. The birds are singing. The kangaroos are jumping. One bear is playing, the other bear is sleeping under the tree. They are funny.,_,4. 根據(jù)圖片寫一篇短文，談?wù)勀氵@個(gè)假期的經(jīng)歷和感受，不少于50詞。,This wint

25、er vacation is a long holiday. I went to Canada by plane. It was very cold in Canada. It snowed. It was white everywhere. I made a big snowman. That was fun. I bought many gifts for my friends, too. I stayed in Canada for a week. I had a lot of fun there.,四、按要求作文。 1. 假設(shè)你在網(wǎng)站結(jié)識(shí)了一位名叫Andy的網(wǎng)友，請(qǐng)根據(jù)下面他所提供的照

26、片和資料，向你的同學(xué)介紹一下Andy，不少于50詞。,My friends name is Andy. He is active and friendly. Hes 13 years old this year. Hes not tall. He has two very big eyes. He lives in Australia. Its a beautiful country. He is a student. He studies in Red Tree School. He likes Chinese very much. He can speak and write a litt

27、le Chinese. He can play football well. That is his favourite hobby.,2. 看下面的表格，對(duì)比你與好友Mike的各項(xiàng)指數(shù)，并寫一篇不少于50詞的短文。,My name is Jack. Im 12 years old. Im 158 cm tall. Im 56 kg heavy. My good friend Mike is 13 years old. He is 1 year older than me. Hes 7 cm taller than me. But he is thinner than me. He is only 52 kg. We both like playing basketball very much. We often play basketball together on the weekend.,_,3. 請(qǐng)根據(jù)下面表格的內(nèi)容，寫一篇50詞左右的短文，介紹你所在學(xué)校的課外活動(dòng)情況。文章開頭已經(jīng)給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。,We have after-class activities every school d