1、乙肝兩對(duì)半的解讀,second liver half-and-halh interpretatino,乙肝兩對(duì)半的定義 the definitino of secong liver two half-and-half 大三陽(yáng)和小三陽(yáng) big3 this world and small 3this world 乙肝的傳播途徑 the transmission way of second liver * 對(duì)乙肝的誤解 misunderstanding of hepatitis b,什么是乙肝兩對(duì)半,乙肝兩對(duì)半是國(guó)內(nèi)醫(yī)院最常用的乙肝病毒 (hbv)感染檢測(cè)血清標(biāo)志物。 (second liver t

2、wo half-and-half is the most commonly used in domestic hospital of hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection detection serum marker) 乙肝表面抗原（hbsag） 乙肝表面抗體（抗-hbs） 乙肝e抗原（hbeag） 乙肝e抗體（抗-hbe） 乙肝核心抗體（抗-hbc）,測(cè)定兩種抗原和三種抗體，也就是俗稱的“兩對(duì)半”。 determination of two kinds of antigens and three kinds of antibody, also known as

3、the two half-and-half.,大三陽(yáng)和小三陽(yáng) big3 this world and small 3this world,“大三陽(yáng)”是指“乙肝兩對(duì)半”化驗(yàn)結(jié)果為表面抗原、e抗原和核心抗體檢測(cè)均是陽(yáng)性。一般說(shuō)明病毒復(fù)制水平高、傳染性強(qiáng)。 big 3 this world refers to second liver two half-and-half test results for the surface antigen, e antigen and core antibody tests are positive. general descriptions with high

4、-level viral replication and infectivity. “小三陽(yáng)”是指“乙肝兩對(duì)半”化驗(yàn)結(jié)果為表面抗原、e抗體和核心抗體檢測(cè)均是陽(yáng)性。一般說(shuō)明病毒復(fù)制水平相對(duì)較低、傳染弱。 what is small 3 this world small 3 this world refers to second liver two half-and-half test results for the surface antigen, e antibody and core antibody tests are positive. general descriptions vira

5、l replication level is relatively low and weak.,可見(jiàn)大三陽(yáng)和小三陽(yáng)的區(qū)別主要在病毒復(fù)制活躍程度上，但并不表示“大三陽(yáng)”一定比“小三陽(yáng)”病情嚴(yán)重，臨床研究證實(shí)，有些小三陽(yáng)患者更容易轉(zhuǎn)化為肝癌。在治療上，如果是乙肝患者且hbvdna含量高，大三陽(yáng)和小三陽(yáng)的區(qū)別不大，都要以抗病毒治療為主，輔助抗炎保肝，抗纖維化治療。 visible big 3 this world and small 3 this world difference is mainly in the viral replication activity, but it doesnt m

6、ean the big 3 this world than small 3 this world the disease is severe, clinical studies have confirmed that some small 3 this world are more likely to be converted into liver cancer patients. in treatment, if is hepatitis b patients and hbvdna content high, the difference between big 3 this world a

7、nd small 3 this world is not big, to give priority to with antiviral therapy, anti-inflammatory, protecting liver, auxiliary anti fibrosis treatment.,乙肝的傳播途徑,the transmission way of second liver 血液傳播（blood transmission)：如輸入被感染的全血、血漿、血清 或其它血制品，或其他血源性注射傳播。 such as input of whole blood, plasma, serum i

8、nfected or other blood products, or other blood-borne spread of injection 性傳播(sexually transmission) ：性濫交、同性戀和異性戀之間的親密性行為是重要的乙肝病毒傳播途徑，這種傳播亦包括家庭夫妻間的傳播，夫妻之間的無(wú)防御措施的性行為傳播率大概在14%左右，具體引人而異。因乙肝病人的唾液中可以查到乙肝病毒，在接吻時(shí)有可能會(huì)由于皮膚粘膜破損造成傳染。因此在口腔有破損（如潰瘍，咬傷，牙齦出血等）的情況下應(yīng)避免與乙肝病毒攜帶者親吻。 casual sex and intimacy between homos

9、exual and heterosexual sex is an important route of transmission, hepatitis b virus spread this also includes the spread of family husband and wife, between husband and wife, without defense measures the sexually transmitted rate at about 14%, about the specific varies. because of hepatitis b patien

10、ts saliva can get hepatitis b virus, during a kiss may be caused by damaged skin and mucosa infected. thus in the mouth is broken (such as ulcers, bite, bleeding gums, etc.) of the cases should be avoided and kiss the person that second liver virus is carried.,母嬰傳播(mother-to-child transmission)：母嬰傳播

11、約占50以上，其中宮內(nèi)感染約占4.54%，其余為分娩時(shí)的感染；分娩時(shí)母親的血液、陰道分泌物通過(guò)胎兒 的破損皮膚、粘膜而傳染；胎盤(pán)剝離時(shí)微量血液漏至胎循環(huán)中；產(chǎn)前或產(chǎn)程中胎兒吸入母親的血液、羊水、 陰道分泌物而感染； mother-to-child transmission (pmtct) accounted for about 50% of the above, the intrauterine infection accounted for about 4.54%, the rest for childbirth infections; birth mothers blood, vagina

12、l secretions infection by the breakage of the fetal skin, mucous membrane; the placenta stripping when trace blood leakage into the fetal circulation; antenatal fetal inhalation in the mothers blood, amniotic fluid, or the stages, vaginal secretions and infection;,為何乙肝歧視問(wèn)題如此“根固”？why so deep hepatiti

13、s b discrimination?,1、乙肝患者人數(shù)過(guò)于龐大，造成人們對(duì)乙肝產(chǎn)生恐慌的消極心理。 second liver patient number is too large, resulting in peoples negative psychological panic on hepatitis b. 2、社會(huì)對(duì)于乙肝傳播知識(shí)的不正確宣傳，對(duì)人們?cè)斐烧`導(dǎo)。society to spread knowledge of hepatitis b is not correct propaganda, to mislead people. 3、乙肝宣教力度不夠，使乙肝“妖魔化”。 hepa

14、titis b education is not strong enough, make the hepatitis b demonised 4、乙肝患者產(chǎn)生自卑心理，不敢正視自己的疾病。 second liver patient have low self-esteem, dare not face up to his illness.,乙肝不通過(guò)消化道和呼吸道傳播，所以日常接觸如握手、擁抱、一起工作、吃飯等一般不會(huì)被乙肝病毒傳播。但若和乙肝患者共餐的朋友有口腔潰瘍等，與乙肝患者有血液暴露的接觸，是有可能會(huì)傳播乙肝病毒的。 hepatitis b is not spread through the digestive tract and respiratory tract, so contact such as shake hands, hug, daily work, such as eating generally will