1、Unit 1 Living Well,Discovering useful structures Revision of the Infinitive,1,學習交流PPT,動詞不定式的作用 Functions of Infinitive,主語 (subject) 賓語 (object) 表語 (predicative) 定語 (attribute) 狀語 (adverbial) 賓補 (object complement),2,學習交流PPT,1. It is good to help others. 2. It is my ambition to make sure that the dis

2、abled people in our neighborhood have access to all public buildings. 3. My ambition is to work in the computer industry when I grow up.,Identify its function.,(subject),(subject),(predicative),想一想,3,學習交流PPT,4. I dont have time to sit around feeling sorry for myself. 5. I am the only student in my c

3、lass to have a pet snake. 6. A big company has decided to buy it from me. 7. My fellow students have begun to accept me for who I am.,(attribute),(attribute),(object),(object),4,學習交流PPT,8. I have had to work hard to live a normal life. 9. Some days I am too tired to get out of bed. 10. We must call

4、on local government to give financial assistance to disabled people.,(adverbial),(adverbial),(object complement),5,學習交流PPT,1. 不定式作主語(常用it作形式主語) To finish this report took him a week. It took him a week to finish this report. 2. 不定式作表語 To see is to believe. What I would suggest is to put off the meet

5、ing.,6,學習交流PPT,3. My wish is to finish the job quickly.,2. My job is to help the patients.,不定式常用在系動詞 be, seem, appear, get, remain等后作表語,常用不定式作表語的主語有：aim/ purpose/ idea/ intention/ plan/ wish/ decision/ choice等,作表語,7,學習交流PPT,. 作定語 (常常表示將來的動作),1. 不定式做定語時常放在被修飾的名詞或代詞之后 She was very busy and had no time

6、 to visit her friends. Ladies and gentlemen ,I have something important to tell you . 2. 當名詞被the first ,the last, the only 等詞以及 形容詞最高級修飾時 eg: She is always the first to come and the last to leave.,8,學習交流PPT,4. 如果不定式是不及物動詞,則后面需適當?shù)慕樵~ Please pass me some paper to write_. She has a nice pen to write _.

7、He bought a flat for the family to live _.,on,with,in,3.也可用在have to do和there be句型中。,There is no one to take care of her. I have no jewelry to wear.,9,學習交流PPT,eg: He spoke loudly (so as / in order) to be heard.,. 作狀語,1. 表示目的: to / in order to / so as to,2. 表示原因 不定式可以用在作表語的形容詞后作狀語, sorry, surprised, h

8、appy, glad, eager, angry, foolish, right, wrong, slow, quick, rude, cruel, disappointed等。,eg: Im glad/pleased to see you. We were surprised to hear the news.,10,學習交流PPT,3.結果狀語:, We hurried to the station only to find the train had left.,only to do,only to be done,表示意外的結果,1. We hurried to the station

9、 only to find the train had left. 2. We hurried to the station only to be told the train had left.,11,學習交流PPT,. 作賓補,I didnt ask you to pay for the meal. They have warned us to be careful of rats.,接 to do作賓語補足語的動詞及短語有：ask/ advise/ allow/ beg/ want/ warn/ wish/ tell/ teach/ require/ permit/ forbid/ ge

10、t/ help/ invite/ force/ encourage/ call on/ persuade等,12,學習交流PPT,不定式在下列動詞后作賓語補足語時，要省略to,“感覺” feel “聽” hear, listen to “使役動詞”have, make, let “看” see, look at, observe, watch, notice,13,學習交流PPT,但當以上的動詞用于被動式，to要還原： 1. They saw the boy fall suddenly from the tree. The boy was seen to fall suddenly from

11、the tree.,2. Mother made John wash the car for a week.,John was made to wash the car for a week.,14,學習交流PPT,動詞不定式的時態(tài)和語態(tài),一般式,完成式,進行式,完成進行式,to do,to have done,to be doing,to have been doing,形 式,主 動,被 動,to be done,to have been done,15,學習交流PPT,1. I asked him to attend the meeting.,2. He seems to be read

12、ing English poems.,3. He is said to have translated the book into English last year.,（to attend the meeting 動作發(fā)生在ask 后),（seem 和read 同時發(fā)生, 強調動作正在進行）,（translate the book 發(fā)生在be said 之前）,16,學習交流PPT,II. 用所給詞的適當形式填空。 1. More and more people do not like watching TV; the programs seem _ (get) worse all the

13、time. 2. The poem is said _ (translate) into many languages in the past decade. 3. The flu is believed _ (cause) by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat.,to be getting,to have been translated,to be caused,17,學習交流PPT,4. The crowd cheered wildly at the sight of

14、Liu Xiang, who was reported _ (break) the world record in the 110-meter hurdle race. 5. You are said _ (write) a new novel these years. Have you finished it?,to have been writing,to have broken,18,學習交流PPT,1. _ is to lengthen life. (節(jié)約時間就是延長生命。) 2. She is easy _. (她很好相處。) 3. When I called him, he hap

15、pened _. (我給他打電話時, 他正在洗澡。),III. 根據(jù)漢語提示, 用不定式完成下列句子。,To save time,to get along with,to be taking a bath,19,學習交流PPT,4. The book is said _ _. (據(jù)說這本書已經被翻譯成好幾種語言。) 5. The experience makes us realize that much of the world remains _. (這次經歷使我們意識到世界上有很多東西仍有待探索。) 6. The teacher asked us _. (老師叫我們不要如此吵鬧。),to

16、have been translated into several languages,to be explored,not to be so noisy,20,學習交流PPT,The question is very difficult to answer. The problem is difficult to deal with.,1.主語be +adj. +to do,能用于此句型的形容詞有：difficult ,easy, comfortable ,fit, hard, pleasant, tiresome(使人疲勞的) ,interesting, nice , heavy, dan

17、gerous, light, important, etc.,主動形式表被動意義的不定式,21,學習交流PPT,The box is light enough to carry. The river water is warm enough to swim in.,2.主語+be +adj. + enough +to do,The books seemed too heavy to carry. The ice is too thin to skate on.,3.主語+be +too +adj. +to do,22,學習交流PPT,動詞后面跟V-ing還是不定式,含義不相同,總的來說,表示習

18、慣的, 一般性的動作多跟V-ing,一次性的具體的被動動作多跟不定式。 1) I like to go with you. 我想和你一塊兒去。,重點!,23,學習交流PPT,I like reading. 我喜歡閱讀。 He promised to help her. 他答應過要幫助她。 We love watching VCD. 我們喜歡看VCD。,24,學習交流PPT,2) remember, forget, regret后面跟V-ing時, 表示過去的動作,后面跟不定式時, 不定式表示將來的動作。 I remember meeting him in the street. 我記得在街上見過他。 I remember to write a letter to my parents. 我想起來要