1、英語(yǔ)（二）自學(xué)考試備考指南,By： 余勇,目錄,一、考什么 二、考試題型 三、如何備考 四、學(xué)習(xí)方法講解 五、做題方法講解（真題）,一、考什么？,考試要求： 1. 較系統(tǒng)的英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)； 2. 約3800個(gè)英語(yǔ)單詞&約750個(gè)詞組； 3. 一定的英語(yǔ)寫作能力 重點(diǎn)：基本詞匯和語(yǔ)法 目的：培養(yǎng)閱讀能力 優(yōu)勢(shì)：沒(méi)有聽(tīng)力 與其他英語(yǔ)考試對(duì)比： 高考 約3500詞匯 Pets 3 約4000詞匯 CET 4 約4000詞匯 CET 6 約6000詞匯,TEM 4 約8000詞匯 TEM8 約12000詞匯 TOEFL 約8000詞匯 IELTS 約8000詞匯,二、考試題型,總分100，考試時(shí)長(zhǎng)150

2、分鐘 題型如下： 閱讀判斷：10 閱讀選擇：10 概括大意，補(bǔ)全句子：10 填句補(bǔ)文：10 填詞補(bǔ)文：15 完形補(bǔ)文：15 寫作：30,主觀題,客觀題,三、如何備考,植根書本課文、多做模擬題與真題 1. 單詞記憶放在具體語(yǔ)境中，尤其是課文；把生詞記憶和課文經(jīng)合，記單詞是為學(xué)課文服務(wù)。 2. 通過(guò)做基礎(chǔ)語(yǔ)法練習(xí)和閱讀練習(xí)來(lái)鞏固和加強(qiáng)基本詞匯和常用詞組的練習(xí)。 3.在考試題的練習(xí)中鞏固和提高詞匯的應(yīng)用能力。 4.占卷面總分一半的試題所用的句子是根據(jù)教材中出現(xiàn)的句子編寫的。其余的試題所用句子雖然不是引自教材，但他們的選擇也是嚴(yán)格按照考試大綱的要求和教材的范圍進(jìn)行的。 5. 語(yǔ)法系統(tǒng)性,四、學(xué)習(xí)方法講

3、解,1）單詞記憶 構(gòu)詞記憶、分類記憶、同反義記憶、閱讀記憶等 構(gòu)詞記憶：前綴、后綴、詞根、詞干、合成 un- unable, unemployment, uncover re- rebuild, recycle, rewrite, review -ful beautiful, wonderful, helpful, truthful -ous dangerous, generous, courageous 擴(kuò)展： create creator creation creative creatively Succeed success successful successfully,分類記憶 is

4、land 島、島狀物 insular 海島 peninsula 半島 islet 小島 快樂(lè)的，高興的happy, joyous, blessed, pleasing, delightful 同反義記憶 accept, receive accident, event, incident problem, issue, question, matter 合成詞 weekend, homesick, woman police, man-made, duty-free,堅(jiān)持四個(gè)原則 多感觀記憶：眼看，口讀，手寫，耳聽(tīng)，心記 聯(lián)系記憶 理解記憶 復(fù)習(xí)記憶,2）語(yǔ)法學(xué)習(xí) 十種詞性，十六種時(shí)態(tài)，兩種語(yǔ)態(tài)，

5、三種語(yǔ)氣 名詞 動(dòng)詞 形容詞 副詞 代詞 數(shù)詞,實(shí)詞,介詞 冠詞 連詞 感嘆詞,虛詞,主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 陳述語(yǔ)氣，祈使語(yǔ)氣，虛擬語(yǔ)氣,3. 句子構(gòu)成 簡(jiǎn)單句的五種基本句型： 并列句： And, but, yet, for, so, and so, while, whereas, or, as well as, rather than, either or, neither nor, not only but also, besides等 感嘆句、祈使句,復(fù)合句 主語(yǔ)從句 賓語(yǔ)從句 同位語(yǔ)從句 表語(yǔ)從句 定語(yǔ)從句限制性&非限制性定語(yǔ)從句 狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、條件、原因、讓步、 方式、比較、目的

6、、結(jié)果 另：主謂一致 倒裝,名詞性從句,五、解題方法講解（真題）,一、閱讀判斷 先看題，從第一題開(kāi)始從文中找相對(duì)應(yīng)的句子，如果文中有一樣的，則判斷是否正確，如果按順序做下來(lái)沒(méi)看到相同或相近意思的句子，則先標(biāo)記出來(lái)，做完10道題后再快速瀏覽文章，核對(duì)有無(wú)出現(xiàn)。確定沒(méi)有后選擇答案C，表示文中沒(méi)有給出。 請(qǐng)看下題： 1.I was unhappy with my life three years ago. A. True B. False C. Not Given P1： I remember one evening three years ago, when my life was very di

7、fferent. 1 was overweight. I was deeply in debt. I was a smoker. I felt hopeless and helpless. I couldnt change anything. 技巧：1. 題目中有時(shí)間，所以先確定文章中時(shí)間所在地； 2. 題目講的是unhappy，看文章有沒(méi)有相同，相近或相反的詞。注意unhappy，所以也要注意文中出現(xiàn)not / no的地方。 hopeless 無(wú)希望的；helpless 無(wú)助的 -less，形容詞尾綴，表否定。,2.I drank every day and couldnt stop it.

8、 A. True B. False C. Not Given 3.I was unable to support my family. A. True B. False C. Not Given P1： I remember one evening three years ago, when my life was very different. 1 was overweight. I was deeply in debt. I was a smoker. I felt hopeless and helpless. I couldnt change anything. P2：Then I lo

9、oked up at the sky and thought what a miraclelife is. And I resolved to list the good things in my life. I had a wonderful wife. 1 had five amazing children. I could see and appreciate the beauty of the world around me. The list went on, but you get the idea. Even when things seemed terrible for me,

10、 actually I was OK. 注：第二題說(shuō)drank，但是通觀第一和第二段都沒(méi)有看見(jiàn)同義詞，所以暫時(shí)判斷為文中沒(méi)提。同理第三題在前兩段也未出現(xiàn)。,4.One evening I came to a new understanding of my life. A. True B. False C. Not Given 5.Many people value the habit of gratitude nowadays. A. True B. False C. Not Given P3: That night I resolved to be grateful for(對(duì)心存感激) w

11、hat I had, and for the people in my life. I started the habit of gratitude. Now many people consider it unimportant. Im here to tell you that its very important. It changes lives. 注： 從第2段和第3段第一句中的resolved可以看到第4題答案。resolve除了表解決外，還可以表轉(zhuǎn)變，正好和第4題的came to a new life相照應(yīng)。 第5題，很多人可能對(duì)value這個(gè)詞的名詞意思很熟悉，即價(jià)值，但這里考

12、的是熟詞生義，即value做動(dòng)詞時(shí)可表重視。而unimportant正好表示相反的意思。 通過(guò)這兩題我們可以看到，如果詞匯量不夠，就是再多的技巧也不一定有用。,6.Now I have a closer relationship with my wife. A. True B. False C. Not Given 7.I am now more strict with my kids. A. True B. False C. Not Given P4. Now I appreciate my wife Eva more. I feelgood about having her in my l

13、ife. And we have deepened our relationship. I also appreciate my kids more. Instead of criticizing them, I tend to notice theirloveliness, curiosity and humor. 注：第6題的closer是一個(gè)比較級(jí)，表更親近的，那么我們從第四段可以找到兩個(gè)對(duì)應(yīng)的詞，一個(gè)是more,另一個(gè)是deepened,前者表更，后者是由deep引申而來(lái)的動(dòng)詞，表加深。 同理第7題的更嚴(yán)厲可以與instead of criticizing them呼應(yīng)，其中inste

14、ad of表轉(zhuǎn)折，所以可以得出答案。,8.I like making friends with people around me. A. True B. False C. Not Given 9.I now try to see the good in others. A. True B. False C. Not Given 10.A small action doesnt work to change ones bad habit. A. True B. False C. Not Given P5. To others around me, at work and everywhere e

15、lse, because instead of seeing the faults in everyone, I see the good, and am grateful for them. I need less，because instead of thinking about what I dont have, I am grateful for what I do have. Each and every moment becomes cause for gratitude, and life becomes easier. P6. Without the habit of grat

16、itude, we tend to complain and see the bad in people and things. We cant change that at once, but you can do something. For example, you can start with a small action. Really feel the happiness that something or someone is in your life, or take a moment to make a list of the things in your lifethat

17、youre thankful for.,本題總結(jié)：按順序做題 同近義詞詞義辨析 _ 二：閱讀選擇(略),二：概括段落大意和補(bǔ)全句子,16. D. Impact of ancient Greek values . Ancient Greek civilization has greatly helped the building of todays society. Many countries now still base their laws and ethics (倫理）on the teachings and doings of ancient Greeks. In everyday l

18、ife, ancient Greeks valued loyalty, glory, intelligence and hospitality (好客).These may seem simple values, but they did effectively shape ancient Greeceinto a most referenced culture in history. 21. Ancient Greek values are held (B.in many countries),A. Education in ancient Greece. During ancient Gr

19、eece, men were required to go to school and learn. Boys were taught at home until they were 6 years old and then sent off to school Ancient Greek schools featured a structure that had boys in school from the age of six until fourteen and then an optional additional four years. The boys were trained

20、in arts and in citizen training. Citizen training prepared Greek boys for two aspects of adult life, which were peace and war. 22.Young men in ancient Greece were required(A.to go to school) ., F. Sense of honor of ancient Greeks. Glory for young men in ancient Greecewas the same as fame to young pe

21、ople today. Stories of war glories and battles were handed down to young men so that they desired to make their names along with the victory of a battle. 23.Young Greeks had a strong desire (C. to achieve honor ) B. Friendliness of ancient Greeks. Helping your fellow man was an important aspect of l

22、ife in ancient Greece. Ancient Greeks were kind and generous. They offered food, shelter and protection travelers without question. They believed that helping others was their brotherly duty. 24. Ancient Greeks saw it as a duty (F.to help others), E. Top value of ancient Greeks. Loyalty is perhaps t

23、he most important value of ancient Greek civilization. It was stressed in everything the Greeks did. They believed in loyalty to the family, the community and most importantly to the gods. The gods of ancient Greece often sent tests to citizens. Keeping faith through the tests was a sign of loyalty

24、and belief. 25.Ancient Greeks stressed loyalty (D.in whatever they did),四：填句補(bǔ)文,ThePower of Positive Thinking Human emotion is oneof thosefactors that cannot he defined exactly. Thereason is that it is quiteuncertain. Wecannotchangethe feelings that areroused when we experiencedifferent things. (26 B

25、. However. wemust always remember that wecan control our reactions.) Some people forget that they are in control. They make their choices based on theiremotions. I hey experience failure and lossandlet their emotions rule their decisions. They are trappedin their sadness andthus. experiencemore fail

26、ure. Some people say they need a lucky break to recover from their failures.(27 E. However, liferarely gives people a break.) They need to get over their failureson their own. But how do they do that? I he answer is: positive thinking.,People often fail to realizethe power of positive thinking. (28

27、A. Theyfail torealize that their worst enemy lies within themselves.) They fail to realizethat they only need toovercometheir fears in order to truly succeed in life. They just have too much pride and areblinded of their own shortcomings. Thepower of positive thinking lies in belief. (29 F. You need

28、 to believe that you are in control.)Youmakethe decisions that affect your life. You may not be able tochangeyour environment, butyou areable to change the way you reactto it. 通過(guò)前后句主語(yǔ)判斷不能選D。 The power of positive thinking lies beyond false courage. You need lo take another look at the world around y

29、ou. (30 C. You cant just take a look atyour failures, or you will lose hope.) You cant rest on your success. or foolish pridewill causeyou to make wrong decisions. D. We can benefit a lot from positive thinking.,五：填詞補(bǔ)文,Meet Famous People in London Many people like to see famous people. But famous pe

30、ople dont （31 L. usually）like to be looked at. At least, they dont like to be looked at all day every day! However, there is one （32 C. place ）in England where you can look at lots of famous people every day. That is Madame Tussauds（杜莎夫人臘像館）, the most popular （33 F tourist）attraction in London. 31.

31、通過(guò)but可知其為轉(zhuǎn)折句，對(duì)比上一句意思，可以選擇最適合的單詞為usually。 32. 通過(guò)where可以看出這是一個(gè)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從語(yǔ)，place正好表示地方。 33. Tourist attraction為固定搭配，指旅游景點(diǎn)。,On most days of the year, （34 H. lines）of visitors can be seen outside Madame Tussauds. They want to （35 I. get）in and see some of the most famous people in the world. If you like, you

32、can （36 D. talk）to those film stars, sports stars or politicians in Madame Tussauds, but they wont （37 K. say）anything to you, because they cant! Madame Tussauds is a waxworks (蠟像館)，andthe “famous people”inthe building are made out of wax. But, this doesnt （38 A. seem）to be a problem. Ordinary peopl

33、e like looking at （39 G. extraordinary）people, even if they are only （40 E. statues ）. Its better than nothing! 34. 游客的隊(duì)伍可以在MT的外面見(jiàn)到，外面見(jiàn)到不是排隊(duì)是什么？ 35. 通過(guò)上句的outside和本句的in可以看出是進(jìn)入。 36. & 37. 兩者對(duì)應(yīng)，而且是近義，那么選項(xiàng)里面只有D，K是近義。 38. 但是，這些似乎并不是問(wèn)題。 39. & 40. 普通人想要看大人物，即使他們只是雕像。,六：完形補(bǔ)文,Dont Be Afraid of Making Mistake

34、s Lost of people dont dare to make mistakes(mistake). They fearthat they will be ridiculed or (41) (blame) by others. They fear that they will lose their money and belongings or be under a lot of stress. But risks are (42) (actual) unavoidable and they do pave the way towards success. Have you ever (43) (hear) of someone who achieves success without making any mistakes before? 41. 該空前有一個(gè)or，表明這是一個(gè)選擇結(jié)構(gòu)，所以前后動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該保持一致，or前用的ridiculed,所以blame應(yīng)該用過(guò)去分詞結(jié)構(gòu)blamed. 42. Unavoidable很明顯是一個(gè)加了-able尾綴的形容詞，而修飾形容詞的只能是副詞，所以前面actual應(yīng)該變形為actually. 43. 本句句首是Have，那么很明顯的是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)，那么動(dòng)詞除了要考慮時(shí)態(tài)外，還要考慮主被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)