1、CET4-Writing,Contents,CET4-Wr.的重要性 CET4-Wr.的大綱解讀 CET4-Wr.的基本考點(diǎn) CET4-Wr.的評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn) CET4-Wr.的注意事項(xiàng) CET4-Wr.的誤區(qū) CET4-Wr.的高分原則 CET4-Wr.的寫(xiě)作方法 CET4-Wr.的?？嘉捏w 三段式寫(xiě)作模板,CET4-Wr.的重要性,考試第一道題 30分鐘，字?jǐn)?shù)120-180，106分 考核思想表達(dá)，篇章組織，語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用，寫(xiě)作格式 間接考察語(yǔ)法，拼寫(xiě)，遣詞造句等語(yǔ)言基本功 熟悉的校園一般性話題以及社會(huì)熱點(diǎn)問(wèn)題,CET4-Wr.的大綱解讀,兩大黃金原則 印象原則：書(shū)寫(xiě)工整、卷面整潔、字跡清晰 語(yǔ)言第一

2、位、結(jié)構(gòu)第二位、內(nèi)容第三位： 語(yǔ)言：基本正確；豐富多變（詞匯+句型） 結(jié)構(gòu)：邏輯性 段落結(jié)構(gòu)：總分總 主題句：翻譯提綱，1句 論證：2句 小結(jié)：1句 評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)： 關(guān)聯(lián)詞 同義替換（詞匯+句型） 代詞替換 內(nèi)容：不跑題,CET4-Wr.的基本考點(diǎn),切題-所謂切題是指在形式上諸如段落、字?jǐn)?shù)、文體、格式等方面滿足命題要求，在內(nèi)容上沒(méi)有偏差。 表達(dá)清楚、條理清晰-考查學(xué)生對(duì)文章結(jié)構(gòu)的掌握，要求文章主題觀點(diǎn)明確，有頭有尾，論證說(shuō)明安排有主次，有輕重。 文字通順，連貫性較好-考查學(xué)生對(duì)過(guò)渡句和連接詞或詞組掌握和運(yùn)用，要求文章句子內(nèi)部與句子之間通順連貫，不突兀。 基本無(wú)語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤-考查學(xué)生語(yǔ)言基本功的掌握，包

3、括語(yǔ)法和拼寫(xiě)等。,CET4-Wr.的評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn),14-12分切題。表達(dá)思想清楚，文字通順，連貫性好?；旧蠠o(wú)語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，僅有個(gè)別小錯(cuò)。 11-9分切題。表達(dá)思想清楚，文字連貫，但有少量語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤。 8-6分基本切題。有些地方表達(dá)思想不夠清楚，文字勉強(qiáng)連貫；語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤相當(dāng)多，其中有一些是嚴(yán)重錯(cuò)誤。 5-3分基本切題。表達(dá)思想不清楚，連貫性差。有較多的嚴(yán)重語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤。 2分條理不清，思路紊亂，語(yǔ)言支離破碎或大部分句子均有錯(cuò)誤，且多數(shù)為嚴(yán)重錯(cuò)誤。,CET4-Wr.的注意事項(xiàng),字跡一定要工整 改掉小毛?。?biāo)點(diǎn)，換行，拼寫(xiě)，段落標(biāo)號(hào)等） 寫(xiě)作之前要好好構(gòu)思，寫(xiě)一個(gè)提綱 三段或四段文，字?jǐn)?shù)合理 寫(xiě)完要再讀，查漏補(bǔ)缺

4、（筆誤） 用語(yǔ)規(guī)范，不用口頭語(yǔ)，盡量不縮寫(xiě) 邏輯清楚,CET4-Wr.的誤區(qū),單詞越難越好 句子越長(zhǎng)越好 模板是萬(wàn)能的,CET4-Wr.的高分原則,文章的三要素是：結(jié)構(gòu)，內(nèi)容和語(yǔ)言 高分原則為： 在文章中必須有五個(gè)左右的銜接詞，來(lái)體現(xiàn)邏輯性。 用詞盡量避免重復(fù)，體現(xiàn)語(yǔ)言的靈活和升級(jí)。 盡量使用非陳述句式，如倒裝、被動(dòng)、虛擬語(yǔ)氣及插入語(yǔ)等。,CET4-Wr.的寫(xiě)作方法,三部分：提出問(wèn)題分析問(wèn)題解決問(wèn)題 分析問(wèn)題指闡釋原因，方法，危害等。 三段或四段 共12句話左右，每句話不少于10個(gè)單詞。 三部分緊扣漢語(yǔ)提綱，通常為：為什么，怎么樣，怎么做,CET4-Wr.的寫(xiě)作方法,對(duì)比選擇型：兩個(gè)觀點(diǎn)，整體

5、介紹 陳述不同的觀點(diǎn)及其理由 表明自己的觀點(diǎn)或結(jié)論。 比較利弊型：一件事的兩個(gè)面，分析優(yōu)點(diǎn)分析缺點(diǎn)總結(jié)并提出自己的觀點(diǎn) 問(wèn)題解決型：提出問(wèn)題給出解決問(wèn)題總結(jié)。 闡述說(shuō)明型: 現(xiàn)象分析型/道理論證型/諺語(yǔ)型：描述現(xiàn)象分析原因?qū)ΜF(xiàn)象做出預(yù)測(cè)或如何促進(jìn)(限制)這種現(xiàn)象的進(jìn)一步發(fā)展。 圖表作文：描述圖表信息(引出主題)分析原因總結(jié)（展望/個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)） 看圖作文：分析所給情景（引出主題）選擇寫(xiě)作方法（道理論證型）。,On the Spring Festival Gala Online Shopping What Electives to Choose Recreational Activities How

6、 Should Parents Help Children to Be Independent Due Attention Should Be Given To Spelling Creating a Green Campus.,As is shown/indicated/illustrated by the figure/percentage inthetable(graph/picture/pie/chart), _作文題目的議題_ has been on rise/ decrease (goes up/increases/drops/decreases), significantly/d

7、ramatically/steadily rising/decreasing from_ in _ to _ in _. From the sharp/marked decline/ rise in the chart, it goes without saying that _. Thereareatleasttwogoodreasons accounting for _. Ontheonehand, _. Ontheotherhand,_ isduetothefactthat _.Inaddition, _ isresponsiblefor _.Maybetherearesomeother

8、reasonstoshow _.Butitisgenerallybelievedthattheabovementionedreasonsarecommonly convincing. AsfarasIamconcerned,I hold the point of view that _. Iamsuremyopinionisbothsoundandwell-grounded.,As can be clearly seen from the graph/table/chart (As is shown in the table/figure), great changed have taken

9、place in_, The _ have/has skyrocketed/jumped from _ to _. When it comes to the reasons for the changes, different people give different explanations. Here I shall just give a few. To begin with, _Whats more,_, Last but not least, _. While it is desirable that _, there are still some problems and dif

10、ficulties for _ Firstly, _ ,In addition, _ ,In a word, _ .,圖表文首段常用句型,As is shown in the table /chart(圖）, the number of students enrolled dropped to1000 in 2005. As we can see from the chart, the price of oil increased dramatically. According to the table, The figures in the chart reflect that The st

11、atistics show that The numbers in the graph reveal that peoples income has been increasing steadily. The graph suggests/ shows/indicates/illustrates that there has been a sharp decline/ rise in the population in this region. It is clear/apparent that the output of this type of products is rising/dro

12、pping.,數(shù)據(jù)增長(zhǎng) The number of has grown steadily has risen from shows a tendency to increase climbed went sharply up soared tends to go up tends to increase There was a rapid/sharp/ dramatic/ gradual/slow rise/increase in the number of The number of is on the rise./on the increase.,數(shù)據(jù)降低 The number of dr

13、opped steadily from to in 2006. declined suddenly fell tends to go down tends to fall shows a tendency to decrease There was a sharp fall /gradual decrease/sudden reduction/slow decline/drop in the number of in 2006.,倍數(shù)、比例關(guān)系 be in direct ratio to /with成正比 inverse ratio to/with成反比 have the largest pe

14、rcentage/proportion of 占最大比例 The number of makes up/takes up/accounts for fifty percent of the total.占總量的百分之五十 Compared with, has a higher/lower percentage. is twice/three times the amount in is ranked first, followed by atpercent and atpercent. The situation reached a peak at percent in,結(jié)論部分常用句型,Fr

15、om the analyses above, we can draw /come to the conclusion that From the data we gathered from the above graph, we can conclude that According to the information gathered above, we may reach the conclusion that We can make a conclusion from the above that,On the Importance of Learning Basic Skills A

16、s is described in the picture, a teacher is teaching mathematics while one of her students is asking whether these basic skills might be outdated by the time theyre in the job market. Nowadays, more and more students tend to believe it is unnecessary to learn basic skills. It is important for us to

17、learn basic skills well mainly for two reasons. For one thing, mastering the basic skills can not only help us acquire the advanced skills that we need to find a job, but also cultivate our characters along the way we learn them.,As the famous British philosopher Francis Bacon said, ”Histories make

18、men wise; poems witty; the mathematics subtle; natural philosophy deep; moral grave; Logic and rhetoric able to contend ” For another, the basic skills will never be out of date and they remain very practical in our daily life and work. We need to excel in mathematics to deal with our household expe

19、nse as well as to make the project plan. In short, the basic skills are essential for our success. The more and better basic skills we master, the more likely we are to find a satisfactory job and lead a happy life.,CET4-Wr.的?？嘉捏w,論說(shuō)文 應(yīng)用文-歡迎加入社團(tuán)（2007，6）招募志愿者活動(dòng)辭(2006,6)，給老師的感謝信（2005，6），競(jìng)選學(xué)生會(huì)的演講稿（2005，

20、1），導(dǎo)游介紹（2004，1），建議朋友報(bào)考專(zhuān)業(yè)信（2003，12），幫助同學(xué)的感想（2004，1），食堂投訴信（2002，1），同學(xué)來(lái)訪度假安排信（2001，6） 圖表文-Education Pays (2012,12), 大學(xué)生使用計(jì)算機(jī)（2002，6），人們飲食的變化（1991，6） 看圖作文- On the importance of Reading Literature (2013,6), Doing Big Things Starts from Doing the Small Ones(2013.6), On the Importance of Learning Basic Ski

21、lls (2013,6),不論什么文體，中間的論述部分不變，都是以議論為主體。,CET4-Wr.的常考文體-論說(shuō)文,對(duì)立觀點(diǎn)型-要不要取消春晚（2006,12）大學(xué)校園是否要開(kāi)放（2005，12），口語(yǔ)考試要不要考（2000，6），精讀還是泛讀（1999，6），幸運(yùn)數(shù)字帶不帶來(lái)好運(yùn)（1998，6）錢(qián)能帶來(lái)幸福與否（1995，1），對(duì)失敗的態(tài)度（1992，1) 比較利弊型-娛樂(lè)活動(dòng)的益處和壞處（2008.6）雙休日帶來(lái)的好處和壞處（1996，1）面試的優(yōu)點(diǎn)（1995，6） 現(xiàn)象分析型 -選擇選修課的因素（2007，12）選擇大學(xué)任課教師（2006，6new），做人要誠(chéng)實(shí)（2003，1），不要猶豫

22、說(shuō)“不”的原因等（1999，1）假冒偽劣產(chǎn)品（1998，1），純凈水的短缺（1996，6），世界越來(lái)越?。?994，1）我最喜愛(ài)的電視節(jié)目及原因（1993，6），自行車(chē)流行原因與汽車(chē)相比優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)及前途（1991，1），綠化城市的好處和如何實(shí)現(xiàn)（1990 ,1) 問(wèn)題解決型-怎樣取得面試成功（2001，1）怎樣支付大學(xué)學(xué)費(fèi)（20001），怎樣了解社會(huì)的途徑（1997，6），我的理想工作及如何準(zhǔn)備（1994，6），怎樣克服英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中的困難（1992，6） 道理論證型-熟能生巧（1997，1）,三段式寫(xiě)作模板-第一段,提出問(wèn)題的存在，或問(wèn)題重要性，并引出下文或提出論點(diǎn) 引言常用表達(dá)： nowadays

23、; these days; at present; with the development of; is always a major problem; is important/vital/ indispensable; however; as a result,第一段常用萬(wàn)能句：,現(xiàn)狀說(shuō)明： When it comes to/Faced with/When asked about/, most/many people believe that ., but other people regard/consideras/differently. ., peoples opinions di

24、ffer. Some believe that ., while others claim that. There is no consensus of opinions among people as to the role/view/idea of . Some people claim that ., while others believe that . There is a general discussion today about the issue/problem of . Those who criticize . argue that . They believe that

25、 . But people who advocate ., on the other hand, argue that . Most people are of the opinion that . But I personally believe that . Now people in growing numbers are beginning to realize that . Now, it is generally acknowledged that ., But I doubt whether .,第一段常用萬(wàn)能句：,圖表描述 1. In 1990, it increased/de

26、creased from . to . 2. By comparison with 1998, it decreased/increased by 3. The figure has nearly doubled, compared with/as against that of last year. 4. It has decreased/increased almost two and a half times/twice/three times, compared with . 5. The number is twice/4 times/half as much as that of

27、1990. 6. It accounts for/takes up. percent of the total. 7. The number was less/more than., a half/third/quarter of the 1990 total.,第二段常用萬(wàn)能句,原因列舉： 1. The phenomenon/change in . mainly results from/arises from the fact that . 2. One may regard the phenomenon as a .sign of/response to 3. There are man

28、y causes of/reasons for this dramatic growth/decrease. First, . Second, . Finally, . 4. A number of factors can account for the change in . 5. Another contributory factor of . is . 6. Why are/do/did .? For one thing,for another,./one reason is,Another is. Perhaps the primary reason is . 7. . is also

29、 responsible for the rise/decrease in .,第二段常用萬(wàn)能句,觀點(diǎn)陳述： 1. Although a lot of people believe that ., I doubt/wonder whether the argument bears much analysis/close examination. 2. As opposed to widely held ideas, I believe/argue/think that . 3. Although the popular belief/idea is that ., (a) current st

30、udy/survey indicates that . 4. They may be right about ., but they seem to neglect/fail to mention/consider the fact that . 5. Although it is widely accepted that ., it is unlikely to be true that . 6. It is true that ., but this is not to say/it doesnt follow/it doesnt mean that . 7. There is/are a

31、bsolutely no/in face every reason(s) for us to believe/accept/resist/reject that . 8. What these people fail to understand/consider/mention is that . 9. You/One may say/argue/think that . It probably will. But . 10. It is one thing to believe that ., but it is quite another to say that .,第二段常用萬(wàn)能句,利弊

32、說(shuō)明： 1. The advantages of A outweigh any benefit we gain from B. 2. Good as A is, it has its own disadvantages. For one thing, it .; for another, it . 3. Although A has numerous/substantial/considerable advantage over B ., it can not compete with B in . 4. As advantage sounds ridiculous/means nothing when Bs advantages are considered.,第二段常用萬(wàn)能句,舉例論證： Numerous examples can be