1、,Book 6 Unit 3 Grammar: The use of “it”,Discovering “It”,It rains heavily. 2. It is 20 kilometers from Granddads house to James. 3. It is November 11, 2005. 4. It is 9 oclock at night. 5.Itll be lovely in the garden tonight 6. It is bad to smoke. 7. It is likely that he will succeed.,天氣,距離,日期,時(shí)間,形式主

2、語(yǔ),環(huán)境,形式主語(yǔ),it的最基本用法是作代詞，主要指剛提到的事物， 以避免重復(fù): Where is my pen? Its on the ground. 2. 也可以指動(dòng)物或未知性別的人如嬰兒等: Is this your dog？No, it isnt.,一、it 作人稱代詞,Who is knocking at the door? Its me. Who is this baby? Its my son.,It可以指天氣、時(shí)間、日期、距離、價(jià)值、長(zhǎng)度、氣侯、 溫度、環(huán)境等，稱為非人稱的it。 1.指天氣： It is a lovely day, isntit? It is a bit wi

3、ndy. 2. 指時(shí)間: It is nine oclock now. 3. 指環(huán)境: It is very beautiful here. 4. 指距離： It is half an hourswalkto the city centre from my home.,二、it作非人稱代詞,5. 指日期： -Whats the date today? -Its Dec. 15, 2012. 6. 指季節(jié)： It is winter now. 7. 指重量： It is about 5 kilograms. 8. 指價(jià)值： -Whats the cost of the T-shirt? -It

4、is 150 yuan.,替代作主語(yǔ)的從句、動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞，而把真正作主語(yǔ)置于句尾。,三、it用作形式主語(yǔ),（1）It+ be+ adj. for sb. to do sth. 此處adj. 通常為描述事件的形容詞：easy，difficult，hard，necessary，unnecessary，possible，impossible，likely，unlikely，right，wrong，important，unimportant，legal，illegal，polite，impolite，clear，obvious，certain，suitable，proper，fit，useful

5、，useless，dangerous Its important for us to learn English. It is illegal（for a teenager）to drive a car without a license.,1. 代作主語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞不定式,（2）It +be+ adj. of sb. to do sth. 此處adj. 通常為描述人的形容詞：kind，unkind，nice，rude，cruel，considerate，thoughtful，thoughtless，careful，careless，silly，foolish，stupid，clever，wise，

6、crazy. Its kind of you to help me with the problem.,Its no good/use doing Its（well）worth doing Its no use crying over spilt milk.,(3) It替代作主語(yǔ)的動(dòng)名詞的常見(jiàn)句型,2. it作形式主語(yǔ)替代主語(yǔ)從句,It is clear ( obvious，true，possible, certain ) that . 該句型中it 是形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是that 引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句，常譯為“清楚（顯然, 真的）” 是主語(yǔ)從句最常見(jiàn)的一種結(jié)構(gòu)。例如： It is very c

7、lear that hes lying.,It+ is +adj. + that clause,It is said (reported/ learned/believed /thought/known.) that clause. 該句型中的it 仍是形式主語(yǔ)，真正主語(yǔ)是that 引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句；該結(jié)構(gòu)常譯為“據(jù)說(shuō)（據(jù)報(bào)道，據(jù)悉）”。 It is said that he is a thief. It is known to all that he is a thief. It is reported that another earth satellite has been put int

8、o orbit.,It is v-ed that clause, It is + noun +從句,It is a pity (a shame /a surprise/. ) that . 該句型中，that后的從句一般用虛擬語(yǔ)氣（should + 動(dòng)詞原形），should可省去表示出乎意料，常譯為“竟然”。沒(méi)有這種意義時(shí)，則不用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。例如： It is a shame that such a thing (should) happen in our class. 這種事竟然發(fā)生在我們班上，真是太丟人了！ It is a pity that he hasnt come yet. 他還沒(méi)有來(lái)

9、，真遺憾！,四、it作形式賓語(yǔ),當(dāng)復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)中的賓語(yǔ)是不定式、動(dòng)名詞賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，往往把賓語(yǔ)放在它的補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)后面，而用it 作形式賓語(yǔ)，放在賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)之前。 該句型中的it 作形式賓語(yǔ)，常用的動(dòng)詞有think, believe, make, find, consider, feel等。,I think it no use arguing with him. 我認(rèn)為和他爭(zhēng)吵沒(méi)有用。 I found it very difficult to study English. 我發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)英語(yǔ)非常難。 He made it clear that he was not interested in English.

10、他非常清楚地表示他對(duì)英語(yǔ)不感興趣。,注意：有些動(dòng)詞如appreciate, like, dislike, love, hate, depend on, see to(務(wù)必) , count on (指望)等， 在其后面不能直接跟賓語(yǔ)從句，而需要先加形式 賓語(yǔ)it, 然后再加賓語(yǔ)從句。 I will appreciate it if you can help me. You cant count on it that he will help you. Please see to it that you bring enough money when you go out. I hate it

11、when I have to speak in English on the phone. You can depend on it that he is very clever.,五、用于強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中,It is/was + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分 + that/who . It is not until + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分 + that .,I met Tom in the park yesterday.,1) It was I who met Tom in the park yesterday.,2) It was Tom who I met in the park yesterday.,3) It wa

12、s in the park that I met Tom yesterday.,4) It was yesterday that I met Tom in the park.,It was at five oclock_ I got home. It was five oclock _I got home.,when,that,強(qiáng)調(diào)句,非強(qiáng)調(diào)句,強(qiáng)調(diào)句用以強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，介詞賓語(yǔ)以及狀語(yǔ)。（強(qiáng)調(diào)人時(shí)用that和who whom皆可） It was she who that had been wrong 是她錯(cuò)了。 ( ) It was the girl whom that I met just

13、 now 我剛才遇見(jiàn)的就是這個(gè)女孩。 ( ) It was Tom to whom the teacher had talked 老師與其談話的那個(gè)人是湯姆。 （ ） It was on Monday night that all this happened 所有這一切就是在星期一的晚上發(fā)生的。（ ）,主語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ),介詞賓語(yǔ),時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),It is not until + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分 + that . 該句型也是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。主要用于強(qiáng)凋時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，譯成漢語(yǔ) “直到才”，可以說(shuō)是not . until . 的強(qiáng)調(diào)形式。例如: It was not until she took off her dark

14、glasses that I realized she was a famous film star. = Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a famous film star. = I didnt realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses.,六、It 常用的固定搭配,make it （1）make it 及時(shí)趕到;成功;辦成 e.g. You can make it if you hurry. 如果你趕

15、快還可以及時(shí)趕到。 You neednt worry; he will make it. 你不必?fù)?dān)心, 他會(huì)辦到的。 （2）在口語(yǔ)中，表示“約定好時(shí)間”例 Shall we meet next week？ OK. We just make it next Saturday.,2. take it/things easy 相當(dāng)于Dont worry or dont hurry. 用來(lái)勸告別人，表示“不要慌，別擔(dān)心，沉住氣” Take it easy！ He will do it well. 3. It all depends/that all depends 在口語(yǔ)中，相當(dāng)于it hasnt b

16、een decided yet，表示“那得看情況，還沒(méi)有定下來(lái)” Are you going to the countryside for holiday？ It/That all depends. 4. Its up to sb. 在口語(yǔ)中，相當(dāng)于its decided by sb. 表示“由決定，由負(fù)責(zé)，取決于” Shall we go out for dinner？ Its up to you.,七. It的一些習(xí)慣用法 How is it with your study? 學(xué)習(xí)好嗎？ Thats it. 這就對(duì)了。 It went hard with him. 他身遇不幸。 It is

17、 all over with me. 我完蛋了。 We must fight it out. 我們必須堅(jiān)持到底。,I. 單項(xiàng)選擇 1. He didnt make _ clear when and where the meeting would be held. A. this B. that C. it D. these 2. _ was Tom who killed the woman. A. As B. ThatC. This D. It,高考實(shí)例,3. The doctor advised Vera strongly that she should take a holiday, but _ didnt help. (全國(guó)卷II) A. it B. she C. which D. he 4. Id appreciate _ if you would like to teach me