1、Unit 1 How can we become good learners?,Section A Grammas Focus-4c,listen,listening,ear,What is the relationship between body parts and language learning?,say,talk,speak,read,ask,answer,repeat,mouth,vocabulary,speaking,pronunciation,look,see,watch,check,reading,eye,vocabulary,grammar,writing,hand,Sh

2、e learns English by working with friends.,She learns English by making flashcards.,Review - look and say,He learns English by reading the textbook.,He learns English by making vocabulary lists.,He learns English by listening to tapes.,He learns English by asking the teacher for help.,He learns Engli

3、sh by watching TV.,She learns English by practicing with foreigners.,Grammar Focus,4a Match the questions and answers.,1. How do you practice speaking? 2. How do you learn new words? 3. How do you improve your writing? 4. How do you practice listening? 5. How do you improve your pronunciation? 6. Ho

4、w do you learn grammar?,a. By watching English programs. b. By listening to a tape and repeating out loud. c. By having conversations with friends. d. By taking notes, doing exercises and reading a lot. e. By making word cards. f. By writing e-mails to my pen pals.,1. c 2. e 3. f 4. a 5. b 6. d,4b M

5、ake sentences using the structure “do sth. by doing” with the subjects in the box and information that is true for you.,math physics chemistry Chinese history geography,e.g. I usually practice my English by taking notes/ speaking English with my classmates / memorizing sentence patterns.,Complete th

6、ese statements. Use information that is true for you.,I like to practice my English by taking notes / reading books and newspapers / speaking English with my classmates / memorizing sentence patterns. I like to learn math by_ _.,Pair work,I like to practice my physics by_ _. d. I like to improve my

7、chemistry by_ _ . e. I like to practice my Chinese by_ _. I like to improve my history and geography by_ _,4c Check () what you do to learn English. Then interview your partner.,A: Do you learn English by doing grammar exercises? B: Yes, I do. A: How often do you do them? B: .,every day,every week,W

8、hat about you?,She learns English _ _.,根據(jù)所給圖示用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~匯完成句子。,English-language TV,by watching,2. She learns English _ _.,by reading the,textbook,3. They learn English _ _.,by asking the,teacher for help,4. She learns English _ _.,music,by enjoying,English songs,By+V-ing form,Verb + by with gerund,We sth.

9、 do (sth.) by They doing.,How does he do something? she it,He sth. She does (sth.) by It doing.,how 引導(dǎo)特殊疑問句有兩種含義 1）表示問候，無須準(zhǔn)確回答。 eg. How do you do? How are you? How is everything going? 2）表示“怎樣”。,“how” 的用法,eg. - How is your new house? - Its great. - 你的新房子怎么樣？- 它太棒了。 - How do you learn English? 你是怎樣學(xué)習(xí)

10、英語(yǔ)的？ - I learn English by reading lots of English magazines. 我通過讀大量英文雜志學(xué)習(xí)英文。,注意how和what引導(dǎo)的疑問句是不 一樣的, 不能混淆。 how通常對(duì)程度或方式進(jìn)行提問, 意為“怎么樣”, 回答通常做狀語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。 what常對(duì)動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者或接受者進(jìn)行提問, 意為“什么”, 回答通常做主語(yǔ)或 賓語(yǔ)。,比較： 1. How is your summer holiday? It is perfect. (表示程度, 做表語(yǔ)) 2. How did you travel around the world? I traveled

11、 by bike. (表方式, 做狀語(yǔ)) 3. What do you learn at school? I learn Chinese, English and other subjects. (做賓語(yǔ)),by是英語(yǔ)中比較活躍的一個(gè)詞。by既可作介詞也可用作副詞。它詞義多，用法廣泛。,by,One may miss the mark by aiming too high as too low. Thomas Fuller,一個(gè)目標(biāo)過高和過低都會(huì)偏離靶心。,一、by+地點(diǎn)名詞。 表方位，意為：“在旁邊”。 bythelake/river/tree/window/door等。 有時(shí)可表:“從旁經(jīng)

12、過”,多與動(dòng)詞go / walk / pass等連用,By的用法,二、by+時(shí)間名詞。 意為：“到時(shí)（已發(fā)生某事），此時(shí)謂語(yǔ)多用完成時(shí)；最晚、不遲于，在之前”。 Bytheendoflastyear, anothernew gymnasiumhadbeencompleted.,三、by+名詞。 1）可用來表方法、方式、手段 Cleaningwomeninbigcitiesusuallygetpaid bythehour. 城市里的女清潔工通常按小時(shí)獲得報(bào)酬。 2） by+交通工具、交通方式名詞 bytrain /taxi/bus/truck/bike/boat/plane; byland/ro

13、ad/sea/water/air,3）by+抽象名詞 Imadeacoatwithmyownhands. Itwasmadebyhand, notbymachine. 我用雙手織了一件外套。它是用手工織的，而不是機(jī)器織的。 4） by+數(shù)量詞 Withproductionupby60, thecompanyhas hadanotherexcellentyear. 產(chǎn)量上升了百分之六十，這家公司今年的業(yè)績(jī)極好。,5）by+身體部位名詞或衣服名詞。 表示被抓住身體/衣物的某一部分，常與動(dòng)詞catch / seize / take / hold / grab等連用 Thesoldiergrabbed

14、thechildbythecollar. 那個(gè)士兵揪住了孩子的衣領(lǐng)。,四、 by+動(dòng)詞 v-ing 意為：“通過，靠，憑”。 Hegainedhiswealthbyprintingworksof famouswriters 他通過印刷著名作家的作品而獲得了巨大的財(cái)富。 He earned his living by fishing. 父母可以通過多跟孩子溝通來更了解他們的孩子。,五、 by的常見短語(yǔ)：,bymeansof / bywayof / bytheway/ onebyone / stepbystep / sidebyside/ shoulderbyshoulder/ byoneself

15、 /learn/bearbyheart / whatdoyoumeanby？,The homework was assigned by the teacher. 這些家庭作業(yè)是老師布置的。 They crossed the river by ferry. 他們乘渡船過了河。 Ellen flew to Chicago by way of St. Paul. 艾倫經(jīng)由圣保羅飛往芝加哥。 I havent got any money by me. 我身上沒有帶錢。,試著翻譯下面的英文，注意單詞by的用法。,被, 由,靠, 用, 通過,經(jīng)由, 沿,在旁邊, 在手邊,We had to get the

16、re by evening. 我們必須在夜晚前抵達(dá)那里。 How do you know he didnt act by the rules? 你怎么知道他沒有按規(guī)定行事? He missed the bus by three minutes. 他晚了三分鐘沒趕上那班公車。 Nine divided by three makes three. 九除以三得三。 Youll be paid by the hour. 你的工資將按時(shí)計(jì)酬。,在之前,根據(jù), 按照,相差,用(乘或除),以計(jì), 按,He had to sleep by day and work by night. 他只好白天睡覺, 晚上工

17、作。 Philip is a doctor by profession. 菲利浦的職業(yè)是醫(yī)生。 The teacher explained the text sentence by sentence. 教師逐句講解了這篇課文。 She took my umbrella by mistake. 她誤拿了我的傘。,(表連續(xù)或反復(fù))逐個(gè); 逐批,由于,在的時(shí)候,就來說, 關(guān)于,副詞 ad. A truck went by. 一輛卡車開過。 When I filled out the form she was standing by all the time. 我填寫表格時(shí), 她一直站在我身旁。 Th

18、ey put money by for later use. 他們儲(chǔ)存錢以備將來使用。,經(jīng)過; 過去,在旁邊,(放)在一邊,根據(jù)提示，用含有by的短語(yǔ)完成下列各題： 1. Comeandsit_（我旁邊） 2. _（到上星期日） Ihad finished thebook 3. Shecamehome_（乘飛機(jī)） 4. Didyoumakethedesk_(獨(dú)自）? 5_（順便問下）,howmany peoplearethereinyourfamily?,by me,By last Sunday,by plane,by yourself,By the way,Exercises,6. Itha

19、sbeenturnedintowater_ （受熱） 7_（不久以后）,moreandmore peoplebegantostudyEnglish. 8. TheGreatWallwasbuilt_ (用手) 9. Then_(逐漸地)thesmokegrew heavierandthickeruntilfinallyit turned intoaterribleGenie 10. Ifyoursonfeelswellenoughtowatch TV_（到那時(shí)）,hellbefine afterthegame,by the heat,By and by,by hand,little by li

20、ttle,by then,根據(jù)要求完成句子，每空一詞。,My brother usually studies English by working with friends. (對(duì)畫線部分提問) _ _ your brother usually study English? 2. This boy isnt old enough to do this job. (改為同義句) This boy is _ _ _ do this job.,too young to,How does,3. Cindy and her sister dance differently. (改為同義句) Cindy and her sister dance _ _ ways. 4. The best way of learning new words is by reading English magazines. (改為同義句) The best way _ _ new words is by reading English magazines.,different,in,to learn,漢譯英。 1. 我說英語(yǔ)的時(shí)候