1、理論的 理論 物理學家 物理學 典禮 醫(yī)學，醫(yī)術 頒發(fā)，授予 博士學位 天文學 天文學者， 應用的， 實用的 應用 職位,統治，控制 宇宙 感染上，傳染上 治愈，治好 開始（機器）操縱，起作用 操作者，經營者，電話接線員 手術，操作 完全地 按，摁，報道，出版社 開關 科學的,Theoretical Theory Physicist Physics Ceremony Medicine Award PhD Doctor of Philosophy Astronomy Astronomer Applied Apply post,govern universe catch cure operate

2、operator Operation altogetherpress switch scientific,Science Paper WheelChair Unify Community Eyebrow the Olympics Reporter Swimmer Cup Carrot Solve Rich,科學 論文 輪椅 使成為一體，使一致，統 社區(qū)，社會，團體，集體 眉毛 奧運會 記者 游泳運動員 獎杯 胡蘿卜 解決 味道很濃的,道理，觀點 面對 反應 不同地 不同的 變軟，軟化 柔軟的，軟的脆弱的， 易碎的 液體的，液態(tài)的，流質的 變硬，硬化硬的 （用勺）舀或盛 殼 煮老的，煮熟的 開水

3、 沸水,point face react differently different soften soft Fragile liquid Harden hard ladle shell hard-boiled boiling water boiled water,Secretary Typist Translator Needle Tiny grandchild,秘書 打字員 翻譯員 針細小的，細微的 孫子,be to do do research later on hold the post of work on suffer from point to hear of dozens of

4、 be well received spell out catch a disease,1) 注定要 2) 做研究 3) 后來 4) 擔任 5) 致力于 6) 遭受 7) 指向 8) 聽說 9) 成打的 10) 反響很好 11）拼出 12) 生病,更喜歡 更喜歡(某人) 做與 比更喜歡； 寧愿，不愿,prefer sth. prefer (sb.) to do sth. prefer sth. / doing . to sth. / doing .,供某人使用，得到買到 某人有空做某事,sth. Be available to sb. Sb. Be available for sth.,因而受

5、獎 判給某人某物,be awarded for . award sth. to sb.,(2) vt. 遭受，蒙受 (后常跟pain / defeat / loss / poverty / hunger / punishment / hardship以及表示疾病的詞),(3) apply oneself to (doing) sth.專注于；專心做某事 Hold out 維持，忍耐，伸出 Hold up舉起，撐起，阻擋 Hold back阻止， 隱瞞,make it give up be tired of fill . with turn off fishout pour into turn

6、to come closer knock on the door,1. 成功 2. 放棄 3. 厭煩 4. 充滿 5. 關閉 6. 撈出 7. 倒進 8. 轉向 9. 走近點 10. 敲門,make it 應付，成功, 趕上,(1) give away 贈送；泄露；出賣 (2) give back 歸還 (3) give off 放出；散發(fā)出(液體、氣體、氣味、 熱量、能量、光、聲音) (4) give out 分發(fā)；用完，消耗盡，筋疲力盡 (5) give in 投降；屈服；讓步;提出，提交,辨析：arise；arouse；rise與raise,同位語的使用， We none of us w

7、ant to go there. My old friend John came this morning . You may leave it to them three. She is a good teacher, a friend of yours . He enjoys the exercise, swimming in winter. Thats my pleasure, doing you a favor. All the countries, big or small are equal. All the people, Chinese or foreign. Must obe

8、y the new law.,1. Stephen Hawking, the most famous theoretical physicist after Albert Einstein, author of A Brief History of Time, the opening ceremony of a mathematics institute at Zhejiang University.,was to attend,was to attend, 他們的女兒很快就要出嫁了。 Theirdaughteristogetmarriedsoon. 誰要向他提問？ Whoistoquesti

9、onhim？,betodo表示計劃、安排、義務、應該、可能、命運等。(haveto,oughtto)。,3）表示注定或不可避免要發(fā)生。 His theory was to change the view on the universe. )4. If I were to tell you that ,would you believe me ?,betodo (1) 表示事先商定、安排或準備要做的事情 Thestudents_attheschoolgate tomorrow. 明天學生們將在學校大門口集會。 (2) 表示可能性、必要、責任、義務、禁止等 You _ by 10 oclock.

10、你必須十點以前回來。 The twines are to be known from each other By their voice .(可能性）。,aretomeet,are to be back,辨析 be to do, be going to do, be about to do,begoingtodo(1)表示將要發(fā)生的事情或打算最近要進行的動作。 快要下雨了。 Itisgoingtorainsoon. (2)在含有條件狀語從句的主從復合句中，主句一般不用begoingto，而常用will（第一人稱用shall）。 如果明天下雨，足球賽將被推遲舉行。 Thefootballmatc

11、hwillbeputoffifitrains tomorrow.,beabouttodo (1)表示即將發(fā)生的動作，在時間上指最近的將來。 Weareabouttostart.我們就要出發(fā)了。 (2)在含有beabouttodo的句子中，不能再加時間狀語。 醫(yī)療隊就要出發(fā)了。 _Themedicalteamisabouttostart immediately. _Themedicalteamisabouttostart.,1. Thisfilm_thisSunday. A.isgoingtoshow B.isshowing C.istobeshown D.willhavebeenshown2.

12、 Thestudentsweretoldthatthey_at the schoolgateat2:00thefollowing afternoon. A.met B.willmeet C.weretomeet D.weremet,Exercise,A,C,3. Insuchdryweather,theflowerswillhaveto bewateredifthey_. A.havesurvived B.aretosurvive C.wouldsurvive D.willsurvive 4. How_I_whathasbecomeof him? A.am;toknow B.am;knowin

13、g C.was;toknow D.will;know,B,A,preferred,prefer sth.更喜歡 (1) prefer (sb.) to do sth.更喜歡(某人) 做 prefer sth. / doing . to sth. / doing . 與 比更喜歡；寧愿，不愿 你比較喜歡哪一樣，米飯還是面包？ Which do you prefer, rice or bread?,prefer vt. 更喜歡；選擇某事物 (而不選擇其他事物), They _. 他們寧可讓兒子上大學。 I would _today. 我今天寧愿不出去。 I would prefer _to _.

14、我寧愿在外面玩也不愿看電視。,preferred their son to go to college,prefer not to go out,playing outdoors,watching TV, He would rather _than _ shopping. He prefers _rather than _ shopping. 他寧可呆在家里也不愿意去逛商店。 (3) prefer that. (should) do. I would prefer that _ my name. 我希望你不要說出我的名字。,stay at home,go,to stay at home,go,

15、you (should) not mention,Even on a cold day, he prefers _ out to play football _ at home. A. going；rather stay B. going；to staying C. to go；rather than staying D. to do；rather than to stay,B,2. Mathematics was not available at University College, so he did physics instead. available adj. 能得到的，有用的, 可

16、利用的， 有效的， 有空的 sth. Be available to sb.供某人使用，得到 買到 Sb. Be available for sth.某人有空做某事,Is this library available during this summer vacation ?圖書館在暑假期間開放嗎？ These facilities are available to members only .這些設施僅供會員使用。 She was not available for the interview . 她沒空接受采訪。 Only a little money is available for t

17、he trip. 這趟旅游只有少量錢可供花。 We regret to tell you that there are no tickets available for Fridays performance. 我們很遺憾的告訴你，周五演出的票沒有了/。,3. After three years and not very much work he a first class honors degree in Natural Science.,was awarded,(1) n. C 獎勵，獎賞，獎品 The Olympic winner received a gold medal _. 奧林匹

18、克獲勝者獲得了一枚金牌作為獎勵。 。,as an award,award,2) vt. 授予，獎予，給予 be awarded for . 因而受獎 award sth. to sb. 判給某人某物 她表現勇敢，他們授予她獎章。 _. 獲勝者得到了一枚金牌。 _. =_.,They awarded her a medal for bravery,A gold medal was awarded to the winner,The winner was awarded a gold medal,辨析：award與reward,1). Martin Luther King Jr was _ the

19、 Nobel Peace Prize of 1964 for advocating nonviolence policy in the movement for civil rights. A. awarded B. offered C. rewarded D. received 【解析】句意為：馬丁路德金因為在民權運動中主張采取非暴力政策而被授予1964年諾貝爾和平獎。reward指“給予報酬”或“獎賞”，award指“因成績或貢獻由政府或社團給予獎勵”。,A,2). Such noble deeds of the doctors and nurses cant be only _ with

20、 money. A. rewarded B. awarded C. praised D. valued 【解析】A項“回報”，常用于reward sb. with sth.結構。B項“授予(獎品等)”，常用于award sb. sth.；C項“表揚”；D項“評價，重視”。,A,4. After leaving the Institute of Astronomy in 1973, Stephen came to the Department of Mathematics and Theoretical Physics and ,Applied, 你所說的并不適合我。 What you said

21、 doesnt _. 這個規(guī)則并不能適用于所有的狀況。 You cant _.,apply to me,apply this rule to every case,apply v應用；運用；申請；請求,她應聘英語教師的工作。 She _as an English teacher. 我們只好向政府申請財務援助。 We had to _ the government _ financial help.,applied for a job,apply to,for,He would do very well if only he applied himself. _,只要專心致志，他會做得很好的。,

22、(3) apply oneself to (doing) sth.專注于；專心做某事,2). Now a lot of new technologies can _ problems in industry. A. be applied to solve B. be applied to solving C. apply to solve D. apply to solving 【解析】考查動詞搭配。apply . to . 表示“把應用到上”，其中to為介詞。,B,hold the post of 擔任（某職位） He used to the post of headmaster of th

23、e school. Who will hold the post of director of the next Spring Festival Gala? 誰將擔任下一屆春晚導演。 Hold out 維持，忍耐，伸出 Hold up舉起，撐起，阻擋 Hold back阻止， 隱瞞,4. Stephen Hawking has worked on the basic laws that govern the universe. 句子成分分析：此句是一個復合句，定語從句that govern the universe修飾先行詞the basic laws ，先行詞在定語從句中做主語，故關系代詞t

24、hat不可省略。,5. Stephen Hawking has worked on the basic laws that govern the universe. govern vt. 統治;管理Who really governs this country? 誰真正統治著這個國家? They demand the right to govern themselves. 他們要求自治權。,5. He is interested in unifying the General Relativity Theory and Quantum Theory to study black holes.,

25、particularly, The girl _ her food. 這小女孩吃東西十分挑剔。 I have nothing _ today. 今天我沒有特別的事情要做。,is very particular about,particular to do,particularly adv. 特殊地，特別地 particular為形容詞，是一個考試高頻詞，常常用于以下結構：,1). -Why did she spend so much time searching shop after shop for a blouse? - Oh, she was very _ about her cloth

26、es. A. special B. particular C. especial D. unusual 【解析】下句意為“她對衣服非常講究”，be particular about是一習語。,B,2). On Teachers Day, we all went to school _ to see our teachers. A. especially B. specially C. particularly D. attentively 【解析】考查副詞辨析。specially表示“專門地”。句意為“在教師節(jié)那天，我們都專門到學校去看望老師”。,B,6. A great man of sci

27、ence sitting in a wheelchair, Stephen Hawking has a serious disease for nearly forty years.,suffered from, She often _ headaches. 她經常頭痛。 Many companies are _ shortage of skilled workers. 許多公司苦于缺乏熟練工人。 The people in the flooded area _ (from) cold and hunger. (忍饑挨凍),suffers from,suffering from,are suf

28、fering,(1) vi.患??；受痛苦；受損失 (常與from連用), 金女士的雙腿受了重傷，非常疼痛。 Ms Kings legs were badly hurt and she _. 這家工廠在大火中遭受重大損失。 The factory _ in the fire.,suffered great pain,suffered a great loss,(2) vt. 遭受，蒙受 (后常跟pain / defeat / loss / poverty / hunger / punishment / hardship以及表示疾病的詞),1). Iraq has _ too many wars，

29、making people _ a lot. A. got through；pay B. looked through；face C. gone through；suffer D. passed through；destroy,【解析】句意為：伊拉克經歷了那么多的戰(zhàn)爭，使得人們遭受了很多痛苦。go through經歷，經受；suffer受痛苦，受損害；get through干完(工作等)；接通(電話等)；look through審核，瀏覽；pass through經過，通過。,C,2). _ such a heavy loss，the businessman didnt have the co

30、urage to go on. A. Having suffered B. Suffering C. To suffer D. Suffered 【解析】句意為：遭受了嚴重損失之后，那位商人沒有勇氣繼續(xù)做生意了。因為“遭受重創(chuàng)”先發(fā)生，故用現在分詞的完成式。,A,7. that couldnt be cured then.,When I left the hospital I was completely cured. 出院時，我已經完全痊愈了。 The only way to cure backache is to rest. 治療背痛的唯一辦法是休息。 He tried to cure h

31、is child of the habit. 他試著去矯正他孩子的那種習慣。,cure v.治愈；治療；糾正,cure bad habits 改正壞習慣,【詞義辨析】cure, treat, heal這些動詞都有“治療、醫(yī)治”之意。 cure: 主要指治愈疾病。 treat: 普通用詞，指接受并診治病人。強調治療過程，不強調結果。 heal: 側重指治愈傷口、傷痛如灼傷等，也可用于比喻語言。,cure n. 治療, 治愈, 療法,There is still no cure for the common cold. 目前仍沒有治愈感冒的良藥。 常用短語： find a cure 找到治療方法

32、seek a cure 尋求治療 take a cure 接受治療 try a cure 試用某種療法,知識鏈接,1). Which doctor is going to _ him for his illness? 2). This new medicine soon _ my cold 3). His wounds are _ over 4). She wont be sad too long；time will _ most trouble,treat,cured,healing,heal,Complete the sentences with cure, treat or heal.,

33、8. Up to 1974, he was able to feed himself, and get in and out of bed. up to 直到 feed v. 喂養(yǎng)，飼養(yǎng) The patient cant feed himself yet. 病人已經不能自己吃飯了。 feed on/ upon 以為食物 Sheep feed on grass. 羊吃草。,9. In 1980, he and wife changed to a system of community change to 改成了 change 的其他短語： change into 變成 changefor 換；更

34、換,Language points in the passage: 1. She did not know how she was going to make it and wanted to give up. 她不知道該如何應付，打算放棄。 （1）make it 應付，成功, 趕上 You cant make it to the other shore in this weather. 這樣的天氣你是無法成功到達那邊的海岸的。,（2）make it 規(guī)定時間,-Shall we meet next week ? -Yes. Lets make it next week,-我們下周見吧？ -好

35、的，讓我們約定下周見。,1. She did not know how she was going to make it and wanted to,give up.,1). 讓出 He _an old man. 他讓座給一位老人。 2). 放棄 The girl _halfway. 這女孩中途放棄。 3). 戒絕 I wish I could _. 我真希望自己能戒酒。,give up,gave up his seat to,gave up,give up drinking, She would rather die than _. He has given in to my views.

36、Please _ your work _ before Monday. He _ most of his money to charity. After a month their food supplies _.,give in,give,in,gave away,gave out,(1) give away 贈送；泄露；出賣 (2) give back 歸還 (3) give off 放出；散發(fā)出(液體、氣體、氣味、 熱量、能量、光、聲音) (4) give out 分發(fā)；用完，消耗盡，筋疲力盡 (5) give in 投降；屈服；讓步;提出，提交,1). _ he is determin

37、ed to do something， no one is able to persuade him to_. A. As soon as；give away B. Although；give in C. As long as；give out D. Once；give up 【解析】once一旦；give up放棄。句意為：一旦他決定要做什么事，沒有人能勸說他放棄。,D,2). He asked us not to mention anything about the famous actress in the report because it may _ the exciting new

38、s. A. give off B. give away C. give up D. give out 【解析】本題考查動詞短語辨析。give away 在此的意思為“泄漏”。,B,3). He wont give in _ the enemy even if he is killed. A. for B. with C. to D. on 【解析】give in作“投降；屈服”時，是不及物動詞。若表示“向投降(屈服)”，用give in to.。,C,2. She was tired of fighting and .,struggling,struggle (1) vt.& vi. 斗爭；拼

39、搏，努力，掙扎, He has been struggling _ succeed in his business. He has been struggling _success in his business. 為使事業(yè)成功，他一直努力奮斗著。,to,for, We have to struggle _ all kinds of difficulties. 我們得和各種各樣的困難作斗爭。 She _. 她努力忍住淚水。 The lion made a sudden angry noise and _. 獅子突然發(fā)出一陣怒吼，掙扎著站了起來。,with/against,struggled t

40、o its feet,struggled to keep back the tears,(2) n. 搏斗，戰(zhàn)斗；斗爭 After _，she gained control of the business. 經過長期的努力，她在生意上已能應付自如。,a long struggle,3. It seemed as soon as one problem was solved a new one .,arose, Accidents arise from carelessness. 事故由粗心大意引起。 New difficulties will arise from such situation

41、. 那種狀況將會產生新的難題。 A great idea arose in her mind. 一個好主意浮現在她的腦海中。,arise (arose，arisen) vi.出現；發(fā)生,辨析：arise；arouse；rise與raise, The sun _ in the east and sets in the west. 太陽從東方升起西方落下。 The price of wheat has _ / has been _ since the last summer. 自從去年夏天以來，麥子的價格已經漲了/被漲上來了。,rises,risen,raised,We should always

42、 keep in mind that accidents _ from carelessness while driving. A. arise B. arouse C. begin D. cause 【解析】句意為：我們應永記心中，開車時事故是由粗心引起的。arise意指“發(fā)生”；arouse是及物動詞，意為“激起，引起”。,A,4. She fished the carrots out and placed them in a below.她把胡蘿卜撈出來，放到了碗里面。 (1) fish (v.) out/from： 撈出；掏出 She fished out a coin from he

43、r pocket. 她從口袋掏出一枚硬幣。 (2)fish up 撈出 A boy was fished up from the river. 這個男孩從河里被撈了出來。,5. Turning to her daughter, she asked, ” Tell me, what do you see?”她轉向她的女兒問“告訴我，你看到了什么？” turning to her daughter在此處的做的是狀語。 現在分詞短語作狀語，其和后面的句子在邏輯上是主謂關系。,Having watered the flowers, he began to cut the grass. 他把花澆好后，開

44、始割草。 Having eaten his dinner, the boy rushed out. 那男孩吃完了飯就跑出去了。,4. She asked her to come and asked her to feel the carrots., Go further away！_. 再離遠一點，你太靠近我了。 _ 再靠近我一點吧。 _. 不要站得離我太近。,closer,close adv. “接近”，指距離上的“近”,You are too close to me,Come closer (to me),Dont stand close to me,close adj.近的,親近的,嚴密的,closely adv. 接近地，密切地，多指抽象的“近” The two events are closely connected. 這兩件事有密切的聯系。 嚴密地，仔細地 Please listen closely to the f