1、專四之定語從句,Dont forget the things that once you owned. Treasure the things that you cant get. Dont give up the things that belong to you and keep those lost things in memory.,曾經(jīng)擁有的，不要忘記。不能得到的， 更要珍惜。屬于自己的，不要放棄。 已經(jīng)失去的，留作回憶。,The Attributive clause,語法講解 定語從句（the attributive clause）, 被定語從句限定的詞是_ ，引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞叫做

2、 _ 或 _。, 關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞有三大作用，即連接（連接定語從句和主句）、替代（替代前面的 先行詞）、成分（在定語從句中要充當(dāng)一定的句子成分）。,在復(fù)合句中，充當(dāng)_ 用的從句是定語從句,“先行詞”,“關(guān)系代詞”,“關(guān)系副詞”,形容詞,Revision1 relative pronoun,who,whom,which,that,whose,relative adverb,when,where,why,time,place,reason,時(shí)間狀語,地點(diǎn)狀語,原因狀語,4. 關(guān)系副詞的用法注意點(diǎn),(1)當(dāng)先行詞為time，表示“次數(shù)”時(shí)，應(yīng)用關(guān)系詞that 或省略。如： This is the

3、first time (that) the president has visited the country.,(2)當(dāng)point, situation, case等詞作先行詞表示“情況，境地，場合”等意思時(shí)，其后常由where引導(dǎo)定語從句，where在句中作狀語。如： Can you think of a situation where this phrase can be used?,4. 關(guān)系副詞的用法注意點(diǎn),鞏固練習(xí)：用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞填空,1) October 1, 1949 was the day_ (_ _) China was founded. 2) Beijing is the

4、 place _ (_ _) I live. 3) Is this the reason _ (_ _) he didnt want to see me?,when,on which,where,in which,why,for which,鞏固練習(xí)：用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞填空,4) Is this the room _(_ _) we were living last winter? 5) The days are gone _ (_ _) we used “foreign oil”. 6) Yesterday, we had a meeting _ (_ _) we discussed many

5、problems.,where,in which,when,during which,at which,where,對比練習(xí)：用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞填空,1. The room _ he once lived is still there. The room _ I have to clean every day belongs to my mother.,where/in which,(that/which),對比練習(xí)：用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞填空,2. I will never forget the day_ I met you. I will never forget the day _ we spent

6、 together.,when/on which,(that/which),The reason _ I dont know is known to him.,(that/which),why/for which,3. The reason _ I dont know the thing is that I was not there at that time.,先行詞是不定代詞all, everything, anything, nothing, something, much, little, few, none, the one.,2. 先行詞被all, everything, anyt

7、hing, nothing, something, much, little, few, none修飾時(shí),考點(diǎn)一：that 和 which 以下情況，引導(dǎo)詞用that，不用which。,3. 先行詞被the only, the very, the same, the last修飾時(shí) 4.先行詞被數(shù)詞,序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí) 5.先行詞是形容詞最高級或被形容詞最高級修飾時(shí) 6. 先行詞既有人又有物時(shí) 7. 先行詞在從句中做表語時(shí) 8. 主句以there be開頭,1. This is all _ I know about the matter. A. that B. what C. who D. whet

8、her 2. Is there anything else _ you require? A. which B. that C. who D. what 3. The last place _ we visited was the Great Wall. A. which B. that C. where D. it,Exercise:,先行詞為everything，little, much，all，anything，nothing, none, few等詞時(shí)， 關(guān)系代詞用,that,4. He talked happily about the men and books _ interest

9、ed him greatly in the school. A. which B. that C. it D. whom 5. There is no dictionary _ you can find. A. that B. which C. where D. in that,6. Is oxygen the only gas _ helps fire burn? A. it B. / C. which D. that,7. Which was the hotel _ was recommended to you? A. where B. which C. that D. it,先行詞為人和

10、物的組合,先行詞被all, little, much, every, no, 等修飾時(shí),先行詞被序數(shù)詞或最高級修飾，先行詞前有序數(shù)詞(the first),形容詞最高級(the best), the last, the very, the only 等時(shí)。,若主句中有疑問代詞 who 或者 which，為了避免重復(fù), 關(guān)系代詞不要再用 who, which，而用 that。,考點(diǎn)二：以下情況只能用which引導(dǎo)定語從句。,1.引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時(shí), 其先行詞可是一個(gè)詞,也可是整個(gè)主句或主句的某一部分。,3.句子中同時(shí)有兩個(gè)定語從句，其中一個(gè)已經(jīng)用了 that 引導(dǎo)時(shí),2. 先行詞是物，緊接在

11、介詞后面時(shí),考點(diǎn)三：關(guān)系代詞 as 的用法, the same as 表示同一類人或物； the same that 指同一個(gè)人或物,1.直接引導(dǎo)定語從句: 作用相當(dāng)于which,He was late, as / which is often the case.,2.與such 連用, 引起定語從句,There are no such writers as you mention.,It gave him such a shock that his face turned white.,3.與same 連用, 引起定語從句,如此 以至于 ，結(jié)果狀語從句,This is the same pe

12、n _I lost yesterday. A. as B. that C.the one D. A 去掉 It is /was .that/who ,句子照樣成立;而定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞在句中要作成份。,that,where,that,when,.定語從句與強(qiáng)調(diào)句,典型陷阱題詳解,1. The factory was built in a secret place, around _ high mountains. A. which was B. it was C. which were D. them were,【陷阱】容易誤選A或B，將A、B中的 which 和 it 誤認(rèn)為是其后句子的主語。

13、【分析】最佳答案是C，around which were high mountains 是一個(gè)由“介詞+which”引出的非限制性定語從句，而在該從句中，主語是 high mountains，around which 是表語，所以句子謂語應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)were，而不是用單數(shù) was。,2. A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, “Is there a hospital around _ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand?” A. that B. which C. where D. wha

14、t,【陷阱】容易誤選 B，認(rèn)為 around 是介詞，選 which 用以代替前面的名詞 hospital，在此用作介詞 around 的賓語?！痉治觥孔罴汛鸢笧镃。以上語法分析并不算錯(cuò)，但問題是，照此分析，此句的意思即為：有沒有這樣一個(gè)醫(yī)院，我在它的附近可以買藥治我的手傷？這樣的語境顯然有點(diǎn)不合情理，因?yàn)槿藗兺ǔＪ窃卺t(yī)院里面治傷，而不是在醫(yī)院附近治傷。此題選 C 的理由是：句中的 around 不是介詞，而是副詞，意為“在附近”；其后的 where 引導(dǎo)定語從句用以修飾其前的地點(diǎn)名詞 hospital，句意為：附近有沒有一家醫(yī)院，我可以去治我的手傷？,3. David is such a g

15、ood boy _ all the teachers like. A. that B. who C. as D. whom 【陷阱】此題容易誤選A，許多同學(xué)一看到題干中的such，再聯(lián)系到選項(xiàng)中的 that，便認(rèn)為這是考查such that 句式。況且，這樣理解意思也還通順。,【分析】最佳答案為C，不是A，因?yàn)樵趕uch that (如此以至)結(jié)構(gòu)中，that 引導(dǎo)的是結(jié)果狀語從句，并且 that 在從句中不充當(dāng)句子成分，若在上句填入 such that ，句末的動詞 like 缺賓語。選C的理由如下：as 用作關(guān)系代詞，用以引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾其前的名詞 boy，同時(shí) as 在定語從句中用作動

16、詞 like 的賓語，句意為“所有老師都喜歡的一位好男孩”。有的同學(xué)可能還會問，假若選A，能否將其后的 that 視為引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞呢？不能，因?yàn)楫?dāng)先行詞受到 such 的修飾時(shí)，其后的定語從句應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞 as 來引導(dǎo)，而不用that。,David is such a good boy _ all the teachers like him. A. that B. who C. as D. whom A,5. He had a lot of friends, only a few of _ invited to his wedding. A. whom B. them C. which D. who 【陷阱】容易誤選 A，認(rèn)為這是非限制性定語從句,【分析】最佳答案是B，這不是非限制性定語從句，而是一個(gè)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，因?yàn)榭?/p>