1、語法專項(xiàng)復(fù)習(xí),Object Clause 賓語從句,一、賓語從句的概念,賓語從句即句子作賓語，而不再是一個(gè)詞或短語作賓語。 I like my teacher.（名詞作賓語) I know him .（代詞作賓語） I know Mr Li teaches English. (句子作賓語） 包含賓語從句的句子結(jié)構(gòu)： 主句+連接詞（引導(dǎo)詞）+賓語從句,二、賓語從句三要素,連 接 詞,時(shí) 態(tài),語 序,（一）連接詞,1.that(陳述句) 2.whether/if（一般疑問句） 3.連接代詞 who whom whose what which 4. 連接副詞when why where how。,特

2、殊疑問句,由從屬連詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句,注：that 在句中無詞匯意義，在從句中不能充當(dāng)成分， 在口語當(dāng)中往往省略,e.g. I hear (that) _. （一小時(shí)后他會回來） He said (that) _. （他非常想念我們） The teacher told us (that) _. （地球圍著太陽轉(zhuǎn)）,he will be back in an hour,he missed us very much,the earth moves around the sun,注意：當(dāng)從句是客觀真理的時(shí)候，無論主句什么時(shí)態(tài)，從句一律用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),由從屬連詞whether, if 引導(dǎo)的賓語從

3、句,e.g. 1. Ask him _. （他是否能來） 2. I dont know _.（是否要下雨）,whether (if) he can come,whether it is going to rain or not,當(dāng)句末為or not時(shí)，引導(dǎo)詞只能用whether而不能用if.,If 與whether 的區(qū)別,I dont know _ he will come or not. I dont care of _ he is handsome. He wondered _ to stay here the next week. _ he will come is not decid

4、ed.,與or not 連用只能用whether,介詞后只能用whether,與to do 不定式連用只能用whether,作主語只能用whether,由連接代詞what, whom, whose, which, what及連接 副詞 when, where, how, why引導(dǎo)的賓語從句,when well have a meeting,where he is,how I can get to the station,why the train is late,who could answer the question,whom they are waiting for,（二）語序：陳述句

5、語序,即：陳述句結(jié)構(gòu)（主+謂+其他成分） 將下列句子換成陳述句語序 1.Is there a bank near here? 2.Are they doing homework?,（三）時(shí)態(tài)(時(shí)態(tài)一致性） 1. 如果主句的時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，賓語從 句的時(shí)態(tài)根據(jù)具體情況來確定，可以是_時(shí)態(tài)。 I dont think (that) you are right.Please tell us where well go fishing tomorrow. Do you know when Mr. Smith moved here?,任 何,2. 如果主句的時(shí)態(tài)是一般過去時(shí)，賓語從句只能用相應(yīng)的_時(shí)態(tài)

6、（一般過去時(shí)， 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)， 過去將來時(shí)，過去完成時(shí)）。例如： He told me that he was born in Beijing in 1992. He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon.,過去,3. 如果賓語從句所陳述的是客觀真理，即使主句用了過去時(shí)，從句仍用 _ 時(shí)態(tài)。例如： The teacher said that the earth moves around the sun.,一般現(xiàn)在,三 、賓語從句與簡單句的轉(zhuǎn)換 （一）當(dāng)賓語從句的主語和主句的主語相同，且主句的謂語動詞是 hope, wish, decide, ag

7、ree, choose 等時(shí)，從句可簡化為不定式 結(jié)構(gòu)。 eg: (1)I hope that I can receive your e-mail. I hopeto receive your e-mail _.,(二）當(dāng)賓語從句的主語和主句的主語相同，且主句的謂語動詞是 know, remember, forget, learn 等時(shí)，從句可簡化為“疑問詞+ 不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。 eg: (2) She doesnt know what she should do next. She doesnt know_. (三）當(dāng)主句的謂語動詞是ask, tell, show, teach 等時(shí)，從句可 簡

8、化為“疑問詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。 eg: (3) Will you please show me how I can work it out? Will you please show me _. (四）當(dāng)直接引語為祈使句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，用ask/tell/order Sb. (not) to do sth 結(jié)構(gòu)。 eg: (4)A: Please be quiet. B: What did Bill say? A: He asked us to be quiet.,what to do next,how to work it out,四、否定轉(zhuǎn)移 在含有賓語從句的主從復(fù)合句中，當(dāng)主句的主語為第

9、一人稱，謂 語動詞是think， believe, guess, suppose等時(shí)，要將從句的否定 詞轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中，即主句的謂語動詞用否定式，賓語從句的謂語動 詞用肯定式。 eg: (5)I dont think he will come with you. 注意：這種句子在其后接附加問句時(shí)，要特別小心。 eg: (6) I dont believe he has finished the work, _? (7) He knew why Jim wasnt at school , _? 解析：例6，當(dāng)主句的主語為第一人稱時(shí)，附加問句的主語由賓 語從句的主語充當(dāng)。 例7，如果主句的主語非第一

10、人稱時(shí)，則附加問句的主語 由主句的主語充當(dāng)。,has he,didnt he,Do you know _? A. where does she live B. she lives where C. where she lives D. where she live 2. His parents wanted to know what he _at that time. A. is doing B. was doing C. has done D. will do,C,B,鞏固練習(xí)：,I從下列A、B、C、D中選擇一個(gè)正確選項(xiàng)填空。,4Lilys mother looked for her for

11、 half an hour, but could not find _? what Lily was B. what was Lily C. where Lily was D. where was Lily,C,3.We dont know _. - It is said that he was born in Canada. what he is B. when he was born C. where he comes from D. if he lives here,C,5 The girls asked if they _ some food and drink with them.,

12、A. took B. take C. takes D. will take,6 Linda said the moon_ round the earth.,A. travelled B. has travelled C. travels D. had travelled,A,C,7. Could you please tell me _ he will come here tomorrow? A. if B. weather C. what D. which,A,8. Could you tell me _?,A. when will they leave Beijing,B. when wo

13、uld they leave Beijing,C. when they will leave Beijing,D. when did they leave Beijing,C,II.改錯(cuò)：,1.Miss Zhang asked me why was I late for school.,_,Miss Zhang asked me why I was late for school.,2.Father told me the sun always rose in the east.,_,Father told me the sun always rises in the east.,3.He d

14、oesnt know that when she can come back.,_,He doesnt know when she can come back.,The radio says it _ cloudy tomorrow. (be) The headmaster hopes everything _ well. (go) Tom says that they _ (play) basketball at six oclock yesterday evening. I hear he _ (return) it already. He said that they _ members

15、 of the Party since 1948. (be) He asked what they _ at eight last night. (do) The teacher told his class that light _ faster than sound. (travel) I think you _ about the relay race now. (talk) I didnt know whom the letters _ from. (be),will be,goes,were playing,has returned,had been,travels,are talk

16、ing,were,were doing,10. I didnt know what time he _ the letter. (write) 11. Miss Wang told me that the earth _(move) round the earth. 12. Could you tell me who _ away the book already? (take) 13. Ling Feng told me he _ to several times. (be) 14. Our teacher told us in class the sun _ in the east. (r

17、ise) 15. Can you tell me what they _ yesterday? (do),wrote,moves,has taken,has been,rises,did,將下列句子合并為一句: 1. Where do they stop on the way? I asked. 2. What will you say at the meeting? Could you tell me? 3. Do they like to make friends with us? He asked. 4. “ I am doing my homework.” He said. 5. “I

18、 will come back.” Tom said.,I asked where they stopped on the way.,Could you tell me what you will say at the meeting?,He asked if they liked to make friends with them.,He said that he was doing his homework.,Tom said that he would come back.,6. “Is he doing his homework?” Jim asked. 7. “When will he come back?” Tom asked. 8. “How can I get to the station?” Could you tell me? 9. “Why is the train late?” Would you tell me? 10. “Where is Tom?” They asked.,Tom asked when he would come back.,Could you tell me how I can get to the station?,Would you tell me why the trai