1、,單詞構(gòu)成 前綴 詞根 后綴,構(gòu)詞法名師P184,構(gòu)詞法：,合成(Compounding),派生法（Derivation）,轉(zhuǎn)化法（Conversion）,workmate, like-minded，break,派生法:由一個詞根加上前綴或后綴構(gòu)成另一個詞的方法。,happy-happily -happiness,unhappy-unhappily -unhappiness,一、前綴，1.否定,happy - unhappy appear - disappear possible - impossible smoker - non-smoker take - mistake,Match A a

2、nd B.,unlike不像;dislike不喜歡 disappear消失 impolite沒有禮貌的 mislead誤導(dǎo) unnecessary不必要的 disadvantage缺點 non-stop不停地 disbelieve不相信 misunderstand誤解,常用于 形容詞 動詞 b/p/m開頭的形容詞 名詞/動詞 動詞,Check ourselves,The boy said nothing but quietly walked away, _ (appear) in the dark.,disappearing,2. 表示空間位置，方向關(guān)系的前綴,1) a- 表示“在之上”，“向

3、” aboard, aside, 2) inter-, intel-, 表示“在間，相互” international, interaction, internet 3） mid-, 表示“中，中間” midday, midnight, mid-autumn,5) out-, 表示“在上面，在外部，向外” outline, outside, outward, outgoing 6) over-, 表示“在上面，在外部，超過” overhead, overboard 7)extra-, 表示“額外” extraordinary 8) fore- 表示“在前面” forehead, foregro

4、und 9)in-, 表示“向內(nèi)，在內(nèi)，背于” inland, inside,2. 表示空間位置，方向關(guān)系的前綴,under-, 表示“在.下面，下的” underline, underground, underwater 11) up-, 表示“向上，向上面，在上” upward, uphold, uphill(上坡),1re-“又,再” repeat, review, return, reunite, remarry 2. co“聯(lián)合，伴同” cooperate, coexist, co-worker 3. super“在上；加之” superman, supermarket,3.表示其他

5、意義的前綴:,名詞的常見后綴,-tion -ness -ment -er -or -ist -ant,destination sadness settlement writer actor artist servant,常在形容詞后,2.后綴: (改變詞性）,關(guān)于人的詞綴： -er,（人， 動作執(zhí)行者） -ese（人， 語言） -ian（人） -ist （人，大家） -or （人，動作者） tion （行為，狀態(tài)） -ness (性質(zhì)）,singer, fighter, teacher Chinese, Japanese musician, Russian, artist, pianist,

6、scientist, conductor, visitor, professor invention， liberation，operation business， illness， darkness,形容詞： -al -ful （充滿的） -less -y 動詞：-ize 副詞：-ly,形容詞： physical, national, political, useful, careful, helpful fearless, useless, careless cloudy, sunny, dirty apologize organize badly， angrily， truly,無,副詞

7、要去e的：true, gentle, simple,-ly,-ize,-able,-ment,-er,-or,-ist,-ian,-tion,-ness,-ful,-sive,-tive,-ed,-ing,-ful,-en-,合成： 把兩個或更多的詞合成一個詞。 合成的詞構(gòu)成大致有以下幾種情況。,1.合成名詞： 2.合成動詞： 3.合成形容詞,birthday roommate football blackboard understand safe-guard white-wash snow-white hand-made dark-blue,It has a good taste.,It t

8、astes very good.,book,n.書籍,v.記載,record,n.記錄,v. 記錄,This book is very good.,He is booking the history.,He broke the record.,He recorded something while reading a book.,clean,adj. 干凈,v.清掃,Please keep tidy and clean.,You have to clean the blackboard after class.,n.書籍,v.記載,n.書籍,v.記載,n.記錄,v. 記錄,n.記錄,v. 記錄

9、,record,n.記錄,v. 記錄,It has a good taste.,It tastes very good.,book,v.記載,record,n.記錄,v. 記錄,This book is very good.,He is booking the history.,He broke the record.,He recorded something while reading a book.,clean,adj. 干凈,v.清掃,Please keep tidy and clean.,You have to clean the blackboard after class.,v.

10、記載,n.記錄,v. 記錄,n.記錄,v. 記錄,record,n.記錄,v. 記錄,n.記錄,轉(zhuǎn)化活用法適用于雙性詞,It has a good taste.,It tastes very good.,book,n.書籍,v.記載,record,n.記錄,v. 記錄,This book is very good.,He is booking the history.,He broke the record.,He recorded something while reading a book.,clean,adj. 干凈,v.清掃,Please keep tidy and clean.,Yo

11、u have to clean the blackboard after class.,n.書籍,v.記載,n.書籍,v.記載,n.記錄,v. 記錄,n.記錄,v. 記錄,record,n.記錄,v. 記錄,It has a good taste.,It tastes very good.,book,v.記載,record,n.記錄,v. 記錄,This book is very good.,He is booking the history.,He broke the record.,He recorded something while reading a book.,clean,adj.

12、 干凈,v.清掃,Please keep tidy and clean.,You have to clean the blackboard after class.,v.記載,n.記錄,v. 記錄,n.記錄,v. 記錄,record,n.記錄,v. 記錄,n.記錄,It has a good taste.,It tastes very good.,This book is very good.,It has a good taste.,It tastes very good.,He is booking the history.,This book is very good.,It has a

13、 good taste.,It tastes very good.,He broke the record.,He recorded something while reading a book.,He is booking the history.,This book is very good.,It has a good taste.,It tastes very good.,Please keep tidy and clean.,He broke the record.,He recorded something while reading a book.,He is booking t

14、he history.,This book is very good.,It has a good taste.,It tastes very good.,You have to clean the blackboard after class.,Please keep tidy and clean.,He broke the record.,He recorded something while reading a book.,He is booking the history.,This book is very good.,It has a good taste.,It tastes v

15、ery good.,Practice (II):,rain(形容詞) _ agree(反義)_ nation(形容詞)_ farm(人)_ recent(副詞)_ friend(形容詞)_ hope(形容詞)_ back(形容詞)_ visit(名詞)_ home(形容詞) _ eight(序數(shù)詞)_ true(名詞)_ America(形容詞)_ China(形容詞)_,按括號內(nèi)的要求改寫下列單詞,rainy,national,recently,hopeful,visitor,eighth,American,disagree,farmer,friendly,backwards,homeles

16、s,truth,Chinese,With the (1)_ (develop) of industry, air pollution is getting more (2)_ more serious. In Beijing, many people suffer different kinds of (3) _（ill）because of air pollution. Air pollution is caused (4)_ the following reasons: about half of the problem is caused by vehicles. There are more and more cars, buses on the roads, and they give out (5)_ (poison）gases. 25%of air pollution is caused by factories. Another (6)_ (fact) is the _(smoke). Smoking no