1、,The World Trade Organization (WTO),Contents,Definition History Basic information China and WTO,Whats the WTO?,The only global international organization dealing with the rules of trade between nations . An organization for trade opening. A forum for governments to negotiate trade agreements. A plac

2、e to settle trade disputes. A rules-based member-driven organization.,Establishment (GATT-WTO),1947, General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade(GATT) .（關(guān)稅與貿(mào)易總協(xié)定） In the wake of “Bretton Woods” institutions(布雷頓 森林體系）-the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund. 1948-1994, GATT provided the rules f

3、or much of the world trade. The predecessor of WTO. After eight GATT trade rounds(貿(mào)易回合談判）， WTO was born in Jan. 1st ,1995.,World Trade Organization,The logo of the WTO,1. Designed by Singaporean Su Yeang Design company， announced in 1997. 2.Six helical curves（螺旋曲線）in red, blue and green. 3.Vitality,

4、 energy. 4.Cooperation.,Basic information about the WTO,It head-quartered in Geneva Switzerland.,It has159 members (2013),The functions of the WTO,It oversees the implementation, administration and operation of the covered agreements.,It provides a forum for negotiations and for settling disputes.,T

5、he WTO is responsible for strengthening the IMF and WBG.,The principles of the WTO,Non-Discrimination The rule requires that a WTO member must apply the same conditions on all trade with other WTO members.,Reciprocity It reflects both a desire to limit the scope of free-riding that may arise and a d

6、esire to obtain better access to foreign markets.,Transparency The WTO members are required to publish their trade regulations， to respond to requests for information by other members, and to notify changes in trade policies to the WTO.,Fair competition Not allowed to take unfair trade practices to

7、compete , such as Dumping and subsidies.,China WTO,One of the 23 original signatories of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) in 1948. In 1986, China notified the GATT of its wish to resume its status as a GATT contracting party.,In 1987, the Working Party on Chinas status was establish

8、ed under GATT. In 1995, China became the observer of the WTO. After bilateral negotiations, China joined the WTO on November 11th , 2001.,On November 11th , 2001, China joined the WTO,Pros and cons,Opportunities,1. Eliminate tariff barriers. 2. Diversified development of export trade. 3. Clear and credible rules. 4. More investments. 5. Closer economic and trade relations among Mainland China , Hong Kong , Macao and Taiwan.,Challenges,1. Fiercer competition for domestic enterpri