1、高考重點(diǎn)要求,1掌握不定式、分詞、動(dòng)名詞在句子中的作用，正確運(yùn)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞進(jìn)行書(shū)面表達(dá). 2區(qū)分不定式、分詞作定語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)的異同。 3掌握不定式、動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，不定式和分詞作賓補(bǔ)的慣用結(jié)構(gòu)。 4注意非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與句子謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)間關(guān)系，以確定非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)形式。 5弄清非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與其邏輯主語(yǔ)的關(guān)系，以確定非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)形式。,非謂語(yǔ)選擇答題流程,第一步，分析句子成分，判斷非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在句中所作的成分，例如：主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)或是狀語(yǔ)。,第二步，考慮非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與相應(yīng)的邏輯主語(yǔ)或被修飾詞之間的主動(dòng)還是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。,主 語(yǔ),只需要考慮to do(一般表示一次特定的行為) v-ing(一般表示習(xí)

2、慣性行為)。,Looking after children is a demanding（需要耐性的）job. To look after these children is really tiring.,1、主語(yǔ)。(不同),相同處,單個(gè)to do 和ing 作主語(yǔ)的時(shí)候謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為單數(shù)。多個(gè)不同意思的作主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。 Weeping and crying is useless. Cheating and lying are immoral. 2.在主系表結(jié)構(gòu)中，主語(yǔ)與表語(yǔ)形式要一致。 eg. Seeing is believing. eg. To see is to believe. 眼

3、見(jiàn)為實(shí)。,賓 語(yǔ),只需要考慮to do或是v-ing。至于區(qū)別，我建議首先把常接v-ing和to do作賓語(yǔ)的特殊動(dòng)詞背下來(lái)。主動(dòng)與被動(dòng)取決于句子主語(yǔ)。如：,I dont mind _to the party. A. being not invited B. not inviting C. not being invitedD. not to be invited,2、賓語(yǔ)。,C,動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞：,KEEP MARCH GIFTS(見(jiàn)三維),不定式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞：,decide, determine, learn, want, aim，like, intend, hope, expect,

4、wish, long, manage refuse, care, pretend, offer, promise, choose, plan, agree, ask, beg, demand help,加to 或 ing 區(qū)別不大的動(dòng)詞。 attempt, begin / start, bear , continue, intend, like, prefer, hate etc. 區(qū)別大的動(dòng)詞Mean try stop learn cant help go on regret remember forget mean,介詞： but +to do sth.（除do以外的其它動(dòng)詞作謂語(yǔ)時(shí)， b

5、ut后接to do）略 but+doing sth. eg. In his spare time, he enjoys nothing but playing chess. eg. He just thinks of nothing but gaining more money.,Ing作賓語(yǔ)的主動(dòng)表被動(dòng),be worth , want (需要), need, require(三需要，一值得)后所用的動(dòng)名詞,必須用主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)表示被動(dòng)意義,例如: Your hair wants/needs cutting = Your hair needs to be cut .,定 語(yǔ),3、定語(yǔ),主動(dòng)與被動(dòng)取決

6、于被修飾的詞。,There are not many shoes for him_. to choose from B. to choose C. to be chosen from D. to be chosen,A,當(dāng)不定式所修飾的名詞或代詞是動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)，而句子的主語(yǔ)也是不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)時(shí)。 He bought some magazines to read . He has a family to support.,To do作定語(yǔ)的主動(dòng)表被動(dòng),位 置,不定式作后置定語(yǔ)。 eg. He is a good person to work with. 單個(gè)的分詞作前置定語(yǔ)，分詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)。

7、 a sleeping boy. a puzzling problem a developed country eg. He is a businessman growing rich in recent years. eg. He is a teacher respected by his students.,動(dòng)名詞作定語(yǔ)，只能是單個(gè)的動(dòng)名詞，不能是其短語(yǔ)，用于表用途。 a sleeping car, a walking stick, a drinking cup, a fishing pole, etc.,to be done / being done / done 作定語(yǔ)時(shí)表示的時(shí)間概念

8、,to be done表示將要發(fā)生的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作； being done表示正在進(jìn)行的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作； done表示已經(jīng)發(fā)生過(guò)的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作。 eg. The building to be completed will be the highest in the city. eg. The meeting being held at present is very important. eg. The dish cooked by Mrs. Green is very delicious.,表 語(yǔ),4、表語(yǔ),V-ing表示主動(dòng)意義、正在進(jìn)行和主語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)；過(guò)去分詞表示被動(dòng)意義、完成和主語(yǔ)的狀態(tài)。To do表示

9、具體動(dòng)作，特別是表示將來(lái)的動(dòng)作,北京32. I feel greatly honored _ into their society. A. to welcome B. welcoming C. to be welcomed D. welcomed Please remain _; the winner of the prize will be announced soon. seatingB. seated C. to seatD. to be seated,B,C,別忘了情緒類(lèi)的及物動(dòng)詞的ing , ed 都慣用成了形容詞。,補(bǔ) 語(yǔ),5、補(bǔ)語(yǔ),如果是補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明賓語(yǔ)，考慮與賓語(yǔ)的主動(dòng)或是被動(dòng)關(guān)系

10、(ing主動(dòng)進(jìn)行，ed被動(dòng)完成，to do將來(lái)具體整個(gè)過(guò)程 如果是補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)，考慮與主語(yǔ)的主動(dòng)或是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，具體同上。,He raised his voice so as to make himself_. hear B. hearing C. be heardD. heard He was heard singing. We heard him sing yesterday.,D,還是要隆重強(qiáng)調(diào)：,感官動(dòng)詞hear listen to see watch notice observe look at feel 使役動(dòng)詞keep make have get leave,With的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu),見(jiàn)

11、三維設(shè)計(jì)第二單元句型突破，和英語(yǔ)周報(bào)（略） 以及賓補(bǔ)省to,狀 語(yǔ),6、狀語(yǔ),考慮與句子主語(yǔ)的主動(dòng)或是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。,_,the old man is living a happy life. Taking good care B. Taken good care C. Having taken good care D. Taken good care of,_where to go, he asked a policeman the way. A. Having lost his way and not knowing B. Losing his way and didnt know C. Lo

12、st his way and not knowing D. Lost his way and didnt know,D,A,to be done / being done / having been done / done作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，表示的時(shí)間概念。,to be done即將進(jìn)行的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作 being done正在進(jìn)行被動(dòng)動(dòng)作 having been done現(xiàn)在分詞的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在句子謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前。 done不強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作先后，表示謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞發(fā)生的原因、條件、背景等。 eg. To be inspected, the workers are a bit nervous. eg. Being used now, this dictionary cant be lent to anybody. eg. Having been examined, he went to Dalian for a holiday. eg. Made of pure gold, this necklace is expensive. （原因）,主語(yǔ)+be+形容詞+不定式”句型中, 形容詞easy、difficult、heavy、hard、nice、bitter、dangerous、interesting、important、e