1、完形填空,題型分析 應(yīng)試策略 實(shí)例詳解,題型分析,大綱介紹 本題考查的短文，一般難度適中，長(zhǎng)約250-300單詞，內(nèi)設(shè)15個(gè)試題，要求考生在全面理解短文的基礎(chǔ)上選出最佳選項(xiàng)，使短文意思完整，語(yǔ)法無(wú)誤。 能力要求 完形填空試題兼有語(yǔ)言和知識(shí)技能兩種試題的特點(diǎn)，要求考生的理解水平從句子提高到語(yǔ)篇，掌握相當(dāng)?shù)脑~匯、牢固的語(yǔ)法知識(shí)、良好的閱讀能力、一定的語(yǔ)篇分析能力。 具體分析如下：,篇章理解能力和語(yǔ)篇分析能力。完形填空是語(yǔ)篇層次上的完句填空，短文在結(jié)構(gòu)和意義上都是一個(gè)整體，它對(duì)考生的整體語(yǔ)感和語(yǔ)篇分析能力也有較高的要求。因此，考生在做題時(shí)必須結(jié)合上下文考慮，不該只看所填的詞語(yǔ)在句子中是否合適。 詞匯

2、知識(shí)。主要包括構(gòu)詞法、同義詞、反義詞、形近異義詞、同形異義詞等的辨析。 句型和固定搭配。主要包括動(dòng)詞、名詞、形容詞的慣用句型，動(dòng)詞、名詞、形容詞和副詞之間的搭配，介詞詞組以及一些習(xí)慣搭配。 語(yǔ)法和句法。完形填空考察多為詞匯題，但對(duì)句子和文章的理解少不了一定的語(yǔ)法知識(shí)和分析能力，在選用結(jié)構(gòu)詞（介詞、連詞）時(shí)，需要考慮在語(yǔ)法上是否適當(dāng)。,考點(diǎn)解密 詞義辨析。詞義辨析主要集中在名詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞和副詞，試題通常以同義詞、反義詞或形近詞的形式出現(xiàn)，要求考生在做題時(shí)根據(jù)語(yǔ)境確定答案，首先排除意義相反或相差較大的選項(xiàng)，然后確定未知詞在句法和語(yǔ)法上的要求，最后選擇使句子結(jié)構(gòu)完整、語(yǔ)法正確、符合語(yǔ)義邏輯的最佳

3、答案。 固定搭配。固定搭配主要包括介詞詞組、動(dòng)詞詞組、名詞詞組和一些詞語(yǔ)的特殊搭配，是英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)，備考無(wú)技巧可言，關(guān)鍵在于考生對(duì)它們的熟悉程度。準(zhǔn)確的記憶對(duì)提高正確率、節(jié)省時(shí)間大有裨益。 邏輯銜接。在完形填空中，不少題目是利用上下文在邏輯上的排斥性和關(guān)聯(lián)性來(lái)設(shè)計(jì)的，考生應(yīng)在理解全文的基礎(chǔ)上，結(jié)合上下文的語(yǔ)義和邏輯關(guān)系選擇答案。,語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)。應(yīng)關(guān)注主謂一致、定語(yǔ)從句、名詞和代詞的數(shù)和格、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、并列結(jié)構(gòu)、虛擬語(yǔ)氣和倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。,應(yīng)試策略,三步走 通讀全文，了解話題大意，把握總體結(jié)構(gòu)，粗選答案。 逐句細(xì)讀，仔細(xì)推敲，確定答案。 先易后難，初定答案。填空時(shí)，要按照先句法，后語(yǔ)法、語(yǔ)義、邏輯

4、關(guān)系及固定搭配的順序，從各個(gè)角度考慮，可以先跳過(guò)無(wú)法確定的選題，先易后難，循序漸進(jìn)。 B.前后參照，尋找線索。對(duì)于較難的題目，要反復(fù)閱讀空白前后的句子，聯(lián)系上下文，尋找語(yǔ)境線索和提示。句中信息空白的填補(bǔ)，可以由該句內(nèi)的信息提示來(lái)確定，但有時(shí)也需要參照相鄰或相隔較遠(yuǎn)的句子中的信息提示，甚至需要結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容，仔細(xì)琢磨，選出合乎邏輯的答案。,3. 回讀全文，難點(diǎn)補(bǔ)缺。復(fù)讀全文，再次通過(guò)前兩遍閱讀所營(yíng)造的語(yǔ)感來(lái)核實(shí)選項(xiàng)答案，檢查文章前后是否連貫、語(yǔ)義是否流暢、內(nèi)容是否矛盾、結(jié)構(gòu)是否嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，同時(shí)補(bǔ)上難點(diǎn)空缺。,試題詳解,2010年試題 Zoos have become an important site

5、for the preservation and protection of wildlife resources, _61_ those species that are endangered. _62_, many zoos displayed live animals for public entertainment. Presently some zoos have become scientific and educational _63_ that have contributed to the understanding and conservation of wild anim

6、als populations. _64_ the challenges facing modern zoos are the cost of upgrading old facilities, the struggle to obtain _65_ operating funds, and the need to attract more visitors to new and entertaining exhibits.,Many _66_ zoos in American cities have undergone renovation (翻新）during the last decad

7、es of the 2oth century. Among the recent trends in zoo _67_ is the construction of new enclosures that resemble natural habitats (棲息地). The replacement of traditional steel bars and concrete floors _68_ appropriately designed surroundings improves visitor appreciation of the animals. Such renovation

8、s may _69_stress on animals and allow them to interact with one another more naturally. Several major zoos conduct captive propagation programs. A captive propagation program includes the breeding of _70_ zoo or wild animals to obtain offspring, usually for release to _71_ or for transfer to other z

9、oos. Captive breeding is one method of _72_ some species from extinction.,Zoos have expanded and improved public education programs also, with education departments that develop programs _73_ zoo exhibits. Public activities include in0school programs, zoo tours, special events, and websites. The zoo

10、logical Society of New York, for example, conducted a major project with a Western African government to monitor an elephant herd _74_ it moved throughout its range. The importance of zoos will increase as natural habitats are diminishing. Through their efforts _75_ conservation, education, and envi

11、ronmental advocacy. Zoos will continue to play a critical role in wildlife preservation throughout the world.,實(shí)例詳解,2010年試題 快速閱讀文章各個(gè)段落主題句，迅速把握話題，確定話題熟不熟悉。 文章首句（主題句）大致呈現(xiàn)了文章內(nèi)容：動(dòng)物園的功能意義。 Zoos have become an important site for the preservation and protection of wildlife resources. 繼續(xù)閱讀前，考慮一下我們所知的動(dòng)物園的功能有哪

12、些。 全文結(jié)構(gòu)：段落首句幫助我們迅速獲得該話題的大概信息。Many _zoos in American cities have undergone renovation (翻新) . Several major zoos conduct captive propagation programs. Zoos have expanded and improved public education programs also, with education departments that develop programs _ zoo exhibits. The importance of zoos

13、 will increase as natural habitats are diminishing.,通讀全文，順手牽羊，粗選答案。 Zoos have become an important site for the preservation and protection of wildlife resources, _61_ those species that are endangered. _62_, many zoos displayed live animals for public entertainment. Presently some zoos have become s

14、cientific and educational _63_ that have contributed to the understanding and conservation of wild animals populations. _64_ the challenges facing modern zoos are the cost of upgrading old facilities, the struggle to obtain _65_ operating funds, and the need to attract more visitors to new and enter

15、taining exhibits. 61. a. superficially b. especially c. importantly d. supposedly 62. a. By that time b. By the time c. At one time d. At that time 63. a. institutions b. associations c. foundations d. corporations 64. a. Along b. Toward c. Among d. Through 65. a. limited b. professional c. sufficie

16、nt d. excessive,Many _66_ zoos in American cities have undergone renovation (翻新）during the last decades of the 2oth century. Among the recent trends in zoo _67_ is the construction of new enclosures that resemble natural habitats (棲息地). The replacement of traditional steel bars and concrete floors _

17、68_ appropriately designed surroundings improves visitor appreciation of the animals. Such renovations may _69_stress on animals and allow them to interact with one another more naturally. 66. a. newer b. older c. former d. later 67. a. management b. improvement c. achievement d. assessment 68. a. u

18、nder b. for c. into d. with 69. a. reduce b. cause c. increase d. avoid,Several major zoos conduct captive propagation programs. A captive propagation program includes the breeding of _70_ zoo or wild animals to obtain offspring, usually for release to _71_ or for transfer to other zoos. Captive bre

19、eding is one method of _72_ some species from extinction. 70. a. selected b. sustained c. promising d. surviving 71. natural b. the natural c. wild d. the wild 72. restraining b. saving c. sheltering d. exempting,Zoos have expanded and improved public education programs also, with education departme

20、nts that develop programs _73_ zoo exhibits. Public activities include in-school programs, zoo tours, special events, and websites. The zoological Society of New York, for example, conducted a major project with a Western African government to monitor an elephant herd _74_ it moved throughout its ra

21、nge. 73. a. attributed to b. opposed to c. referred to d. related to 74. a. as b. as if c. so d. so that,The importance of zoos will increase as natural habitats are diminishing. Through their efforts _75_ conservation, education, and environmental advocacy, zoos will continue to play a critical rol

22、e in wildlife preservation throughout the world. 75. a. in search of b. in honor of c. in support of d. in charge of,實(shí)例分析2 （10年試題特點(diǎn)上下文中找答案）,Are you single but too busy to search for love? Then you need to try the latest dating phenomenon that is sweeping 61 the UK-speed dating. Speed dating 62 men a

23、nd woman meeting in a room and finding out as much as they can about possible 63 in three minutes. Its proving every 64 with Britains young people who find that they havent got the time to meet that special one. 61. A. off B. across C. over D. through 62. A. requires B. inquires C. revolves D. invol

24、ves 63. A. partners B. spouses C. friends D. counterparts 64. A. practical B. popular C. favorable D. normal,At a speed dating event you are given three minutes to talk, 65 , with a member of the opposite sex. Then a bell is 66 and you move to another person and start chatting again. By the end of t

25、he evening you will have spoken with up to twenty men or women! 65. A. all in one B. one after one C. one on one D. one and all 66. A. knocked B. shaken C. swung D. rung,If, by the end of a conversation, you 67 the person or would like to see him or her again, you write it 68 on a card. Then, if the

26、 other person also fancies you, the organizers will contact you with their details. But is three minutes long enough to make an impression and 69 if you want to see someone again? Research suggests that 70 can be felt within the first thirty seconds of meeting someone, and that is 71 speed dating is

27、 all about, knowing quickly if you are going to like someone. 67. A. attract B. enjoy C. chase D. fancy 68. A. down B. off C. up D. back 69. A. work on B. work out C. work at D. work up 70. A. emotion B. sentiment C. chemistry D. attachment 71. A. how B. what C. all D. where,And what about romance?

28、Is it possible to make a good 72 in such a short time? 73 , people say you cant hurry love. However, Britain will soon have its first marriage from a speed date. So, if you are on a 74 to find Mr. or Miss Right, what have you got to lose? 75 , you still go home on your own. But at best, the person o

29、f your dreams could be just three minutes away. 72. A. conclusion B. refection C. guess D. judgment 73. A. In all B. After all C. Of all D. And all 74. A. tour B. route C. direction D. mission 75. A. At last B. At first C. At worst D. At end,實(shí)例3（09年）,Nuclear energy is an efficient and convenient sub

30、stitute for conventional forms of energy which were found in special geographical locations. Large amounts of _61_ and effort are required to _62_ these locations. Once the sites are found, man and equipment must be brought to tap and use these sources of energy. However, a large proportion of such

31、sites are found only in far and _63_ places. This increases the difficulties of _64_ these forms of energy. With nuclear energy, such difficulties are at present. Nuclear reactors can easily be built anywhere, and man does not have to compete with the _65_ of nature in order to obtain the energy. Fo

32、r equal amounts of energy, nuclear energy is much more convenient and inexpensive to obtain than conventional sources of energy.,61. A. incentive B. capital C. interest D. currency 62. A. point B. recognize C. identify D. label 63. A. isolated B. single C. sole D. solitary 64. A. detecting B. select

33、ing C. harnessing D. concentrating 65. A. potentials B. powers C. strengths D. forces,With nuclear energy, the amount of pollution is greatly reduced. _66_ the production of nuclear energy is based on the fission (裂變) of atoms, pollution is kept to a very low level. The energy produced in the reactors is converted into heat and electricity, and these have _67_ or no pollution at all. Conventional forms of fuel, _68_ ,produce large amounts of pollution. 66. A. If B. While C. Though D. Since 67. A. little B. much C. more D. les