1、GROUP 3：Subjunctive mood (2)went,混合虛擬語氣 -唐新娜,當(dāng)條件狀語從句表示的行為和主句表示的行為所發(fā)生的時間不一致時，被稱為錯綜時間條件句，動詞的形式要根據(jù)它所表示的時間作出相應(yīng)的調(diào)整。（主要是抓住時間狀語）,If you had followed my advice, you would be better now.,對過去事實虛擬,對現(xiàn)在事實虛擬,If she were not so careless, she wouldnt have made such a mistake.,對現(xiàn)在事實虛擬,對過去事實虛擬,The pattern of the Mixe

2、d conditional,對過去事實虛擬 + 對現(xiàn)在事實虛擬 對現(xiàn)在事實虛擬 + 對過去事實虛擬,混合虛擬語氣還有一種情況就是事實和虛擬假設(shè)的混合句，這樣的句子不僅僅是時間的不同，而重要是事實和假設(shè)的混合。 I would have gone to visit him in the hospital had it been at all possible, but I was fully occupied the whole of last week. 該句前半部分是假設(shè)虛擬，而后半部分是事實的陳述.,Your math instructor would have been happy to

3、 give you a make-up examination had you gone and explained that your parents were ill at the time. 前半句假設(shè)虛擬，后半句主句也用的是假設(shè)虛擬,但后半句的從句用的是事實語氣.,1.If I were you , I _shopping yesterday. A. go B. would go C.gone D.would have gone 2. If you _ that film late last night， you wouldnt be so sleepy. A. didnt see B

4、. havent seen C. wouldnt have seen D. hadnt seen,D,D,虛擬語氣if倒裝句,書面語中,條件從句可不用連詞if, 而將謂語中的過去式were,had或should等移至主語之前,構(gòu)成倒裝. E.g. Were you in my position, you would do the same. Had he come earlier, he would have met her.,1、_right now, she would get there on Sunday. A)Would she leave B)If she leaves C)Wer

5、e she to leave D)If she had left 2、_for my illness I would have lent him a helping hand. A)Not being B)Had it not been C)Without being D)Not having been,C B,四、含蓄虛擬條件句 -方雪雪,Definition:指句中沒有明顯的虛擬條件句，而是利用其他手段來暗示存在虛擬條件句。但是這類隱含式虛擬條件句中往往都可以轉(zhuǎn)化為if引導(dǎo)的條件句。 常用于表示含蓄虛擬條件的手段有：,1. 介詞或介詞短語，如but for , but that, with

6、out , in case of ,under more favorable condition等。 E.g. Under more favorable condition, we could have done it better. EXERCISE: _ their help (If it were not for their help) , we could not get over the difficulties . A. In spite of B. But for C. Because of D .As for B,2.連詞，如：so that ,unless, in case

7、, supposing , lest, or fear that，in order that , on condition that, if only , but , otherwise , unfortunately等。 E.g. She listened carefully in order that she might discover what he wanted. =If she listened carefully , she might discover what he wanted. _I had more money , I could buy a car. A . When

8、 B . Only if C. If only D . Unless C,3.形容詞及其比較級 A honest man would not do such a thing! =If he were a honest man ,he would not do such a thing! 4.分詞短語 Born ten days earlier , the boy could have seen his late father. United(If they had been united),they wouldnt have been defeated.,5.定語從句 Anyone who h

9、ad been in your position would have done the same. A nation , which stopped working , would be dead in a fortnight. =If a nation stopped working ,it would be dead in a fortnight.,6.動詞不定式短語（一般） Intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned/was/were + to have done或 Had intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned + to d

10、o E.g. To hear him speak English (If you were to here him speak English), you would take him for an Englishman.,7.獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu) All things considered(=If all things were considered ) , the price would be reasonable. 8、情態(tài)動詞完成式暗示虛擬語氣： would/could/should/might/must + have done I should have called to make an

11、airline reservation ,but I didnt.,Exercise 1.He _have completed his work , otherwise , he would not be enjoying himself. A. should B .must C . would D. could 2 .What a pity ! Considering his ability and experience , he _ better. A .need have done B .must have done C .can have done D . might have don

12、e 3. A more careful people _ so many mistakes. A. would not have made B .could not make C. would not make D .did not make B D A,詞性的判斷 -楊雪瑩,1.n.做主語或賓語（接在及物動詞vt.后面）或表語（在系動詞be后）E.g. 主語 That person is my friend 賓語 She is eating an apple. 表語 That is Tom.,2.adj.一般接在n.前I think my father is a_(honor) man. 3

13、.adv. 一般由adj.演變來, 也有固有副詞(hardly), 一般接在v.后或前perfectly-perfectHe did it _(perfect).,4.助動詞 do , did之類的，后常接v.原形I do _(like) that girl. 5.prep.介詞 一般都有固定搭配在一起使用的介詞，每個介詞都有各自表達的具體的意思和方向感之類的。in -come in out -get out from-come from off -fall off the tree 介詞后常接名詞或動名詞 I spend my a lot of time on _(perform) the

14、experiment.,簡單來說： adj./定冠詞/不定冠詞都用來修飾n.的 adj.可修飾的是可數(shù)n.復(fù)數(shù)或單數(shù), 定冠詞可修飾不可數(shù)&可數(shù)n. 不定冠詞a/an修飾可數(shù)n.單數(shù) adv.修飾v.或v.短語 be動詞后跟adj.或現(xiàn)在分詞 prep.后跟動名詞 情態(tài)動詞（aux.）后跟v.原形,詞形變換(構(gòu)詞法) -劉仙花,合成法(Compounding) 派生法(Derivation) 轉(zhuǎn)化法(Inversion) 縮寫&簡寫(Abbreviation),Compounding:由兩個/更多的詞合成一個詞,Compound n. class + room = classroom (n.

15、+ n.) black+ board= blackboard (adj. + n.) Compound adj. warm + heart + ed = warmhearted hard+ working=hard-working Compound v. over + come = overcome(adv. + v.),Compound num. fifty+ four= fifty-four Compound pron. everyone, somebody, anything, nobody ( inde. pron. + n.) Compound adv. down+ stairs =

16、 downstairs( adj. + n.) whole+ heartedly =wholeheartedly (adv. +adv.),前綴(prefix ):通常只變詞義不變詞性 后綴(suffix ):通常只變詞性不變詞義 常用前綴 1.表否定： un- non- (常用在n. adj. adv. 前) unfair unhappy nonsmoker in- (常用在adj.后) inactive,Derivation:在詞根上加前綴/后綴構(gòu)成新詞,dis- im- (用在b,p,m 開頭的詞前) disagree, disappear impolite, impossible ab

17、- abnormal about abuse 2.表錯誤/失當(dāng): mis- misunderstand misdirect 3.表示兩個,雙邊的前綴：bi- bicolor bicycle,4.表相互,交互,在一起:inter- !變化型：enter-, intel- interview international internet 5.表又,再,重新: re- review return rewrite 6.表距離遠的: tele telephone, television,1.v. n.： -tion education invitation -ment development movem

18、ent -er teacher singer -or visitor sailor,常用后綴,-ist ( 人,名詞后綴) scientist, terrorist -ese ( 民族,語言,名詞后綴) Chinese, Japanese 2.adj. n. -ness happiness meanness -ity ability, possibility,3. n. adj.： -y windy healthy funny -ish foolish feverish -some handsome troublesome -ous dangerous humorous -ful helpful peaceful -less homeless careless,-ed surprised talented -ing interesting outstanding 4.v. adj. : -al traditional natura